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Infectious Disease: Parasitic Diseases

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Total 613 results found since Jan 2013.

Mechanisms Controlling Mast Cell and Basophil Lineage Decisions
Abstract Basophils and mast cells have long been known to play critical roles in allergic disease and host defense against parasitic infections. Recent recognition of these effector cells in immune regulations, host defense against bacteria and virus, and autoimmune diseases entices increased interest in studying these cells. However, origin and molecular regulation of basophil and mast cell differentiation remain incompletely understood. In this review, we focus on recent advances of the understanding the origin and molecular regulation of mouse basophil and mast cell development. We also summarize progress in t...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - August 3, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Allergic Reactions to Anisakis Found in Fish
Abstract The food-borne parasite Anisakis is an important hidden food allergen. Anisakis is a parasitic nematode which has a third-stage larval form that infects mainly fish, and ingestion of contaminated seafood can result in severe allergic reactions. Symptoms experienced due to exposure to this parasite include gastrointestinal disorders, urticaria, dermatitis, asthma and even anaphylaxis. Accurate prevalence data of allergic sensitisation to Anisakis are difficult to estimate due to the lack of well-designed population-based studies. Current diagnostic approaches rely on the detection of serum IgE antibodies ...
Source: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports - July 20, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Clinical Microbiology And Infection For Publication
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - October 1, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: Valentina D. Mangano, David Modiano Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Host genetics and parasitic infections
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - October 1, 2014 Category: Microbiology Authors: Valentina D. Mangano, David Modiano Tags: Invited Review Source Type: research

Parasitic infection and immunomodulation: A possible explanation for the hygiene hypothesis in autoimmune and allergic disease
Publication date: September 2014 Source:Apollo Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 3 Author(s): Jovanka King , Pravin Hissaria Helminthic parasites have a long history of co-evolution with human beings. The incidence of helminthic infection has significantly decreased in developed countries due to better sanitary measures. However, epidemiological data suggest a corresponding increase in the incidence of autoimmune and allergic diseases in association with a reduction in helminthic infections in these societies. The immune response to helminthic infection involves both innate and adaptive processes, with a strongly polarised Th2 ...
Source: Apollo Medicine - October 23, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

AMA1-RON2 Complex-based Vaccine Against Malaria
This technology relates to a malaria vaccine composed of a protein complex of Apical Membrane Antigen (AMA1) and rhoptry neck protein 2 (RON2) with an adjuvant. AMA1 is a crucial component of the <em>Plasmodium</em> invasion machinery and is a leading candidate for antimalarial vaccine development. AMA1-based vaccines have shown ability to block red cell invasion in <em>in vitro</em> assays, but protection has so far not translated to <em>in vivo</em> human infections. NIAID investigators have demonstrated that interaction between AMA1 and RON2 (or peptide thereof) is essential for mala...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - June 18, 2014 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research

CD8α− DC is the major DC subset which mediates inhibition of allergic responses by Schistosoma infection
Summary Our and others' previous studies have shown that Schistosoma japonicum (SJ) infection can inhibit allergic reactions. We recently reported that DCs played an important role in SJ infection‐mediated inhibition of allergy, which was associated with enhanced IL‐10 and T regulatory cell responses. Here, we further compared the role of CD8α+ DC and CD8α− DC subsets for the inhibitory effect. We sorted CD8α+ DC (SJCD8α+ DC) and CD8α− DC (SJCD8α− DC) from SJ‐infected mice and tested their ability to modulate allergic responses in vivo. The data showed that the adoptive transfer of SJCD8α− DC was much ...
Source: Parasite Immunology - November 27, 2014 Category: Parasitology Authors: J.‐Y. Liu, P. Lu, L.‐Z. Hu, Y.‐J. Shen, Y.‐J. Zhu, J.‐L. Ren, W.‐H. Ji, X.‐Z. Zhang, Z.‐Q. Wu, X.‐Z. Yang, J. Yang, L.‐Y. Li, X. Yang, P.‐M. Liu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Allergen of the Month—
There are around 33 species of Stemphylium, many of which are saprophytic and have worldwide distribution. However, several species such as S solani are leaf-spotting parasites on plants like tomato, potato, onion, and cotton.1–4 Growth on hosts is facilitated by humidity of 85–90% and greater than 8 hours of wetness at about 18°C. Stemphylium is the asexual anamorph stage of the ascomycete Pleospora. The sexual ascospores will develop in cold laboratory conditions, but it is unclear what factors are important in natural settings.
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - December 18, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Richard W. Weber Tags: Allergen of the Month Source Type: research

A survivor: The eosinophil as a regulator in asthma
Ah, the eosinophil! Since its description by Ehrlich in 1879, it has remained an enigmatic cell blamed for all kinds of havoc.1 Because these cells have the ability to release potent granular proteins, cytokines, enzymes, and growth factors, they are often considered proinflammatory. Indeed, when it comes to parasitic infections, eosinophils or their products are needed to effectively clear helminth infections.1 Eosinophils have also been implicated in antibacterial and antiviral immunity.2,3 However, the role we most often ascribe to these cells is in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, eosinophilic gastrointes...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - December 19, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Dorothy S. Cheung, Mitchell H. Grayson Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Basophils are inept at promoting human Th17 responses.
Abstract Basophils are the rare granulocytes and play an important role in the polarization of Th2 responses and protection against helminth parasites. In addition, basophils contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases such as asthma, chronic allergy and lupus. Notably, Th17 cells are also implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases suggesting that basophils support the activation and expansion of this subset of CD4(+) T cells. Therefore, we explored whether basophils promote the expansion of human Th17 cells. We show that basophils lack the capacity to expand Th17 cells and to induce the secretion of ...
Source: Human Immunology - December 16, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sharma M, Stephen-Victor E, Poncet P, Kaveri SV, Bayry J Tags: Hum Immunol Source Type: research

What have studies of non‐industrialized countries told us about the cause of allergic disease?
Summary The increase in allergic diseases that was observed in countries that had experienced rapid economic growth since the mid‐20th century initiated a search for environmental exposures that may explain these phenomena that continues to the present day. Societies that are in the earlier stages of the process of industrialization provide an opportunity to compare the initial stages of economic development and the lifestyle changes that may accompany this, with other communities whose way of life may not have changed appreciably for centuries. These studies have consistently demonstrated higher levels of allergic disea...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Allergy - December 26, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: A.W. Fogarty Tags: Review Source Type: research

Differential TLR‐induced cytokine production by human mast cells is amplified by FcɛRI triggering
Conclusions & clinical relevanceThese results indicate that the simultaneous presence of pathogen‐ or danger‐associated signals and FcεRI triggering via specific IgE can significantly modify mast cell‐mediated allergic reactions via synergistic production of cytokines and inflammatory mediators and provide an explanation of augmented allergic symptoms during infection.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Allergy - February 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: J Suurmond, A L Dorjée, E F Knol, T W J Huizinga, R E M Toes Tags: Original Article‐Basic Mechanisms in Allergic Disease Source Type: research

Children’s Health in Latin America: The Influence of Environmental Exposures
Conclusions: To control environmental threats to children’s health in Latin America, WHO, including PAHO, will focus on the most highly prevalent and serious hazards—indoor and outdoor air pollution, water pollution, and toxic chemicals. Strategies for controlling these hazards include developing tracking data on regional trends in children’s environmental health (CEH), building a network of Collaborating Centres, promoting biomedical research in CEH, building regional capacity, supporting development of evidence-based prevention policies, studying the economic costs of chronic diseases in children, and developing pl...
Source: EHP Research - March 2, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Review March 2015 Source Type: research

Effect of red blood cell variants on childhood malaria in Mali: a prospective cohort study
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00669084. Findings Between May 1, 2008, and Dec 29, 2011, we enrolled 1586 children into the study. We successfully typed all five red blood cell variants for 1543 of these children, who therefore constituted the evaluable population and in whom we diagnosed 4091 malaria episodes over 2656 child-years of follow-up. In these 1543 children, red blood cell variants were common, and occurred at the following frequencies: sickle cell trait (HbAS) 220 (14%), HbC heterozygosity (HbAC) 103 (7%), α thalassaemia 438 (28%), type O blood group 621 (40%), and G6PD deficiency...
Source: The Lancet Haematology - March 24, 2015 Category: Hematology Source Type: research