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Comprehensive care of adults with respiratory diseases must include vaccines
Vaccines are among the most effective tools we have to improve and save lives, but only if they are administered to eligible patients. In this issue, Naeger et al1 highlight the major opportunities that the health care community has to achieve high adult vaccination rates. These vaccines include those for prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), pneumococcal, and influenza, diseases that respiratory health professionals are most aware of, plus pertussis (in Tdap), herpes zoster (HZ, shingles), and as of May 3, 2023, respiratory syncytial viral, for which adults with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseas...
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - September 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Barbara P. Yawn, Dennis Williams, Gregory Poland Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Janssen Announces Phase 2b Data Demonstrating its Investigational RSV Adult Vaccine Provided 80% Protection against Lower Respiratory Infections in Older Adults
RARITAN, N.J., October 2, 2021 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced that its investigational respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine candidate was highly effective in protecting against lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by RSV, demonstrating vaccine efficacy of 80 percent (CI, 52.2-92.9%) in adults aged 65 and older. The study results were presented as a late-breaking abstract at the virtual IDWeek 2021 conference on October 2.“The findings from our CYPRESS study are very encouraging as we seek to deliver a long-awaited preventive vaccine to stave off the severe ...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - October 2, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Janssen Announces Start of Phase 3 Trial for Investigational Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine in Older Adults
RARITAN, N.J., September 29, 2021 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced the initiation of its Phase 3 EVERGREEN study. The study will evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of Janssen’s investigational adult vaccine against lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), when compared with placebo in approximately 23,000 adults aged 60 years and older throughout North America and a selection of countries across Europe, Asia and the Southern Hemisphere.The EVERGREEN study was initiated based on positive results from the Phase 2b CYPR...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - September 29, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Safety and effectiveness of dose-sparing strategies for intramuscular seasonal influenza vaccine: a rapid scoping review
Conclusions Due to the low number of studies in healthy adults and the lack of studies assessing confirmed influenza and influenza-like illness, there remains a need for further evaluation.
Source: BMJ Open - September 17, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lunny, C., Antony, J., Rios, P., Williams, C., Ramkissoon, N., Straus, S. E., Tricco, A. C. Tags: Open access, Immunology (including allergy), COVID-19 Source Type: research

Sex differences in antibody responses to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination
There are profound sex-based differences in both humoral and cellular immune responses to vaccination [1]. In general, adult females demonstrate higher antibody responses to bacterial and viral vaccines than men [2]. For instance, adult females vaccinated with half the dose of the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) produce similar humoral immune responses than adult males vaccinated with a full dose of the TIV [3]. Given that the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) is an important tool in our evaluation of the humoral immune response [4], we sought to determine if men and women have a signific...
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - July 19, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sergio E. Chiarella, Sarah M. Jenkins, Miguel A. Park, Roshini S. Abraham, Avni Y. Joshi Tags: Letters Source Type: research

Impact of Age and Region on Immune Responses to Allergy Immunotherapy
Allergy immunotherapy (AIT) can prevent allergic disease by modifying the adaptive immune system, similar to anti-pathogen vaccines, supporting the concept of AIT as an “allergy vaccination”. Some vaccines, e.g. influenza, pneumococcal pneumoniae, are administered globally with the same dose for all age groups. The aim of this study was to determine if sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) across regions and age groups induce similar immunologic changes in IgE and Ig G4 with the goal of using the same dose and formulation worldwide.
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - February 1, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Josephine Nolte Peterlin, Vibeke Backer, Thomas Stranzl, Veronica Hulstroem, Peter Sejer Andersen, Hendrik Nolte Source Type: research

Johnson & Johnson Announces Single-Shot Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate Met Primary Endpoints in Interim Analysis of its Phase 3 ENSEMBLE Trial
NEW BRUNSWICK, N.J., January 29, 2021 – Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) (the Company) today announced topline efficacy and safety data from the Phase 3 ENSEMBLE clinical trial, demonstrating that the investigational single-dose COVID-19 vaccine in development at its Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies met all primary and key secondary endpoints. The topline safety and efficacy data are based on 43,783 participants accruing 468 symptomatic cases of COVID-19. The Phase 3 ENSEMBLE study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine candidate in protecting moderate to severe COVID-...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - January 29, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Our Company Source Type: news

Moderna ’s COVID-19 Vaccine Is 94.5% Effective. Here’s What That Really Means
It’s wasn’t a typical Sunday morning for Dr. Stephen Hoge, president of the biotech company Moderna, and Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. They were at their respective homes in Massachusetts and Washington, D.C., waiting to to be let into a Zoom call to hear the results of the very first COVID-19 vaccine that was tested in people. The hosts were members of the independent Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) that is reviewing data involving all the COVID-19 vaccine candidates supported by the U.S. government’s Operation Warp Speed program, and Hoge a...
Source: TIME: Health - November 17, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Vaccines, Antibodies and Drug Libraries. The Possible COVID-19 Treatments Researchers Are Excited About
In early April, about four months after a new, highly infectious coronavirus was first identified in China, an international group of scientists reported encouraging results from a study of an experimental drug for treating the viral disease known as COVID-19. It was a small study, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, but showed that remdesivir, an unapproved drug that was originally developed to fight Ebola, helped 68% of patients with severe breathing problems due to COVID-19 to improve; 60% of those who relied on a ventilator to breathe and took the drug were able to wean themselves off the machines after 18...
Source: TIME: Health - April 14, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

All Your Coronavirus Questions, Answered
One of the worst symptoms of any plague is uncertainty—who it will strike, when it will end, why it began. Merely understanding a pandemic does not stop it, but an informed public can help curb its impact and slow its spread. It can also provide a certain ease of mind in a decidedly uneasy time. Here are some of the most frequently asked questions about the COVID-19 pandemic from TIME’s readers, along with the best and most current answers science can provide. A note about our sourcing: While there are many, many studies underway investigating COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-19, the novel coronavirus that causes the illn...
Source: TIME: Health - April 14, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: TIME Staff Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Explainer Source Type: news

President Trump Called Hydroxychloroquine a ‘Game Changer,’ But Experts Warn Against Self-Medicating With the Drug. Here’s What You Need to Know
After President Trump, late last week, expressed great confidence in the promise of a new COVID-19 therapy that combines two existing prescription medications, supplies of these two drugs rapidly began disappearing from pharmacy shelves. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration allowed an Indian company previously restricted from importing drug products into the US to now start manufacturing one of the drugs. And U.S. plants began gearing up to produce enough to meet the surge in demand. But in those few days, a few people who began self medicating with the drugs in an effort to prevent COVID-19 have died, and others have bee...
Source: TIME: Health - March 24, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Is It Allergies, The Flu Or The Coronavirus? How To Tell The Difference
(CNN) — The coronavirus has infected more than 100,000 people worldwide. With all of the news of event cancellations, empty flights and health precautions (wash your hands!), it’s natural that people may get a little anxious every time they feel a tickle in their throat or the beginnings of a bad cough. While the coronavirus is certainly something to take seriously, the chances of any individual person getting it are still low. But if you’re wondering whether that stuffy nose could end up being a worst case scenario, CNN talked to Dr. Greg Poland, a professor of medicine and Infectious diseases at the May...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - March 11, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News CNN Coronavirus Source Type: news

New immunodeficiency syndromes that help us understand the IFN-mediated antiviral immune response
Purpose of review Studying primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) provides insights into human antiviral immunity in the natural infectious environment. This review describes new PIDs with genetic defects that impair innate antiviral responses. Recent findings New genetic defects in the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway include IFNAR1 deficiency, which causes uncontrolled infections with measles-mumps-rubella or yellow fever vaccines, and possibly also cytomegalovirus (CMV); and IRF9 deficiency, which results in influenza virus susceptibility. Genetic defects in several pattern recognition receptors include MDA5 deficienc...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - November 7, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND RELATED DISORDERS: Edited by Jordan S. Orange Source Type: research

Otitis Media: Rapid Evidence Review.
Abstract Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common diagnosis in childhood acute sick visits. By three years of age, 50% to 85% of children will have at least one episode of AOM. Symptoms may include ear pain (rubbing, tugging, or holding the ear may be a sign of pain), fever, irritability, otorrhea, anorexia, and sometimes vomiting or lethargy. AOM is diagnosed in symptomatic children with moderate to severe bulging of the tympanic membrane or new-onset otorrhea not caused by acute otitis externa, and in children with mild bulging and either recent-onset ear pain (less than 48 hours) or intense erythema of the t...
Source: American Family Physician - September 14, 2019 Category: Primary Care Authors: Gaddey HL, Wright MT, Nelson TN Tags: Am Fam Physician Source Type: research

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