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Eleven science stories likely to make big news in 2023
As the COVID-19 pandemic enters its fourth year as a global health emergency, researchers will continue pushing to help make the disease manageable and ordinary. They will track hundreds of subvariants of Omicron, the highly transmissible but seemingly less lethal strain of SARSCoV-2 that dominated in 2022. Virologists will watch the virus’ evolution this year to see whether it has finally slowed or a more dangerous variant pops up, evading much of the immunity that humanity has built up to previous ones. Vaccine researchers hope to develop new shots that provide broad protection against a variety of coronaviruses.  Ano...
Source: ScienceNOW - January 4, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

Science ’s 2022 Breakthrough of the Year: A telescope’s golden eye sees the universe anew
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Source: ScienceNOW - December 15, 2022 Category: Science Source Type: news

News at a glance: New gene therapy, Europe ’s drought, and a black hole’s photon ring
ARCHAEOLOGY Drought exposes ‘Spanish Stonehenge’ for study Scientists are rushing to examine a 7000-year-old stone circle in central Spain that had been drowned by a reservoir for decades and was uncovered after the drought plaguing Europe lowered water levels. Nicknamed the “Spanish Stonehenge”—although 2000 years older than the U.K. stone circle—the Dolmen of Guadalperal (above) was described by archaeologists in the 1920s. The approximately 100 standing stones, up to 1.8 meters tall and arranged around an oval open space, were submerged in the Valdecañas reservoir after the construction of a ...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 25, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

How effective is the monkeypox vaccine? Scientists scramble for clues as trials ramp up
When mo nkeypox suddenly started spreading globally in May, the world was fortunate in one respect: a vaccine was available. MVA, originally developed by Bavarian Nordic as a smallpox vaccine, was already licensed for monkeypox in Canada and the United States. EU regulators have since followed suit. Vaccine supplies are limited, and no doses have been shared with countries in Africa that have long been affected by monkeypox. But in Europe and North America, clinics have by now delivered thousands of doses to people in high-risk groups. There’s little doubt the vaccine can help, but that’s about all that’s...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - August 10, 2022 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

We Used to Have a Lyme Disease Vaccine. Are We Ready to Bring One Back?
At my animal hospital in upstate New York, an epicenter of the U.S. tick epidemic, my dog Fawn lets out a whimper as the veterinarian injects her with her annual Lyme disease shot. I roll my eyes. She doesn’t know how good she has it. The injection means that if a tick bites her (and in rural New York, a tick always does), the creepy crawly will feast on dog blood that’s been supercharged with a Lyme bacteria-killing substance, and Lyme disease won’t be transmitted to Fawn. I wish I could be shot up with that superpower. Currently, there is no human vaccine for Lyme disease—even though more than two...
Source: TIME: Health - June 17, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Mandy Oaklander Tags: Uncategorized Disease feature Source Type: news

The Great Vaccine Race: Inside the Unprecedented Scramble to Immunize the World Against COVID-19
The cleverest of enemies thrive on surprise attacks. Viruses—and coronaviruses in particular—know this well. Remaining hidden in animal hosts for decades, they mutate steadily, sometimes serendipitously morphing into more effective and efficient infectious agents. When a strain with just the right combination of genetic codes that spell trouble for people makes the leap from animal to human, the ambush begins. Such was the case with SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus behind COVID-19, and the attack was mostly silent and insidious at first. Many people infected with SARS-CoV-2 remained oblivious as they served as the v...
Source: TIME: Health - September 10, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Magazine Source Type: news

Dr. Anthony Fauci, John Legend, Angelina Jolie and More: Highlights from the TIME 100 Talks
This article is part of #TIME100Talks: Finding Hope, a special series featuring leaders across different fields sharing their ideas for navigating the pandemic. Want more? Sign up for access to more virtual events, including live conversations with influential newsmakers.
Source: TIME: Health - April 23, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Sanya Mansoor Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 TIME 100 TIME100 Talks video Source Type: news

President Trump Called Hydroxychloroquine a ‘Game Changer,’ But Experts Warn Against Self-Medicating With the Drug. Here’s What You Need to Know
After President Trump, late last week, expressed great confidence in the promise of a new COVID-19 therapy that combines two existing prescription medications, supplies of these two drugs rapidly began disappearing from pharmacy shelves. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration allowed an Indian company previously restricted from importing drug products into the US to now start manufacturing one of the drugs. And U.S. plants began gearing up to produce enough to meet the surge in demand. But in those few days, a few people who began self medicating with the drugs in an effort to prevent COVID-19 have died, and others have bee...
Source: TIME: Health - March 24, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

Wuhan Coronavirus Infections Have Now Surpassed the Official Number of SARS Cases in China
Chinese officials confirmed Wednesday that the number of people infected by a new form of coronavirus in the country has reached 5,974, a total that surpasses the official cases tallied on the mainland during an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and 2003. SARS infected 5,237 people in mainland China, and killed almost 800 people across the world. The new SARS-like form of coronavirus has killed 132 people in China. The disease, which is believed to have originated in a seafood market in the Chinese central city of Wuhan, has also spread to other countries, including the U.S., where five cases hav...
Source: TIME: Health - January 27, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Sanya Mansoor and Amy Gunia Tags: Uncategorized China Infectious Disease onetime overnight Source Type: news

Surface (S) Layer Proteins of Lactobacillus acidophilus Block Virus Infection via DC-SIGN Interaction
We describe the unexpected binding of S-layer to cells devoid of DC-SIGN but also confirm that the presence of DC-SIGN was essential for S-layer’s antiviral activity. S-layer protein exerted its antiviral effect with different kinetics than mannan, a known viral inhibitor that also acts on DC-SIGN (Yu et al., 2017). Together our results suggest that inhibition of viral entry by S-layer occurs via a novel S-layer/DC-SIGN interaction. Materials and Methods Isolation of S-Layer Proteins S-layer proteins were extracted from overnight cultures of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 cells grown in MRS medium at 37°C by usi...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

The Human Upper Respiratory Tract Epithelium Is Susceptible to Flaviviruses
In this study, we exposed apically well-differentiated human NECs cultured at the ALI to the related flaviviruses ZIKV, JEV, WNV, and Usutu virus (USUV). We selected these viruses due to the recent increasing evidences of potential threat to humans (Cadar et al., 2017; Simonin et al., 2018). We show that NECs are particularly susceptible to JEV and WNV infection and to other flaviviruses included in this study. Infection with each virus led to shedding of infectious virus particles through the apical and basolateral surfaces and triggered host mechanisms at the level of inflammatory and antiviral mediators....
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

P38 and JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Interact With Chikungunya Virus Non-structural Protein-2 and Regulate TNF Induction During Viral Infection in Macrophages
This study has been funded by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India, vide grant no 37 (1542)/12/EMR-II and Department of Science and Technology (DST-SERB), New Delhi, India, vide grant no EMR/2016/000854. It was also supported by Institute of life sciences, Bhubaneswar, under Department of Biotechnology and National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, under Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Government of India. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships th...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 11, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

BKV Clearance Time Correlates With Exhaustion State and T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Shape of BKV-Specific T-Cells in Renal Transplant Patients
This study was approved by our local ethical review committee in compliance with the declaration of Helsinki. Informed and written consent was obtained from all patients (Ethic Committee Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany, EA2/028/13). The study cohort consisted of 7 kidney transplant recipients with sustained BKV reactivation (Table 1). The HLA typing for each patient and donor is summarized in Figure 1. TABLE 1 Table 1. Characteristics of patients with BKV reactivation. FIGURE 1 Figure 1. Recipient and donor HLA type. HLA type of the patients and their kidney donors. Black square i...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research