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Total 269 results found since Jan 2013.

Strategies to improve recovery in acute ischemic stroke patients: Iberoamerican Stroke Group Consensus
Stroke is not only a leading cause of death worldwide but also a main cause of disability. In developing countries, its burden is increasing as a consequence of a higher life expectancy. Whereas stroke mortality has decreased in developed countries, in Latin America, stroke mortality rates continue to rise as well as its socioeconomic dramatic consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to implement stroke care and surveillance programs to better describe the epidemiology of stroke in these countries in order to improve therapeutic strategies. Advances in the understanding of the pathogenic processes of brain ischemia have re...
Source: International Journal of Stroke - June 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: M Alonso de Leciñana, M Gutiérrez‐Fernández, M Romano, C Cantú‐Brito, A Arauz, LE Olmos, SF Ameriso, E Díez‐Tejedor, Tags: Review Source Type: research

Role of Exosomes as a Treatment and Potential Biomarker for Stroke
AbstractApproximately, 16 million strokes occur worldwide each year, causing 6 million deaths and considerable disability, implying an enormous social, individual health, and economic burden. Due to this high incidence, strategies to promote stroke recovery are urgently needed. Research into new therapeutic approaches for stroke has determined that intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a good strategy to improve recovery by amplifying mechanisms implicated in brain plasticity. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of MSCs in stroke, with no need for them to reach the area of brain injury. A...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurogenesis After Stroke: A Therapeutic Perspective
AbstractStroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Yet therapeutic strategies available to treat stroke are very limited. There is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics that can effectively facilitate functional recovery. The injury that results from stroke is known to induce neurogenesis in penumbra of the infarct region. There is considerable interest in harnessing this response for therapeutic purposes. This review summarizes what is currently known about stroke-induced neurogenesis and the factors that have been identified to regulate it. Additionally, some key studies in this field have been hig...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Zebrafish as a Model for In-Depth Mechanistic Study for Stroke
AbstractStroke is one of the world ’s leading causes of death and disability, posing enormous burden to the society. However, the pathogenesis and mechanisms that underlie brain injury and brain repair remain largely unknown. There’s an unmet need of in-depth mechanistic research in this field. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a powerful tool in brain science research mainly due to its small size and transparent body, high genome synteny with human, and similar nervous system structures. It can be used to establish both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke models easily and effectively through different ways. After the establishm...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Enhanced phasic GABA inhibition during the repair phase of stroke: a novel therapeutic target
Ischaemic stroke is the leading cause of severe long-term disability yet lacks drug therapies that promote the repair phase of recovery. This repair phase of stroke occurs days to months after stroke onset and involves brain remapping and plasticity within the peri-infarct zone. Elucidating mechanisms that promote this plasticity is critical for the development of new therapeutics with a broad treatment window. Inhibiting tonic (extrasynaptic) GABA signalling during the repair phase was reported to enhance functional recovery in mice suggesting that GABA plays an important function in modulating brain repair. While tonic G...
Source: Brain - January 29, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Hiu, T., Farzampour, Z., Paz, J. T., Wang, E. H. J., Badgely, C., Olson, A., Micheva, K. D., Wang, G., Lemmens, R., Tran, K. V., Nishiyama, Y., Liang, X., Hamilton, S. A., ORourke, N., Smith, S. J., Huguenard, J. R., Bliss, T. M., Steinberg, G. K. Tags: CNS Injury and Stroke Original Articles Source Type: research

Cerebral Organoids Repair Ischemic Stroke Brain Injury
AbstractStroke is the second leading cause of death and main cause of disability worldwide, but with few effective therapies. Although stem cell-based therapy has been proposed as an exciting regenerative medicine strategy for brain injury, there are limitations. The developed cerebral organoids (COs) represent a promising transplantation source for stroke that remains to be answered. Here, we transplanted COs at 55  days and explored the feasibility in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke. COs transplantation at 6 h or even 24 h after MCAO significantly reduces brain infarct volume and improv...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 29, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

YouTube as a Source of Information for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Stroke: A Quality, Reliability and Accuracy Analysis
Stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability among adults and affects more than 795000 people each year in the United States.1,2 Globally, 6.5 million stroke deaths occurred in 2013 and stroke was the 2nd most common cause of mortality worldwide.2,3 Usually, after a stroke, the damaged brain region and surrounding healthy cells try to repair the disrupted neural networks and to regulate the disrupted functions by creating new networks. However, the complete recovery of motor functions takes place in only 20% of patients, depending on the location of the damaged area, its size, and the general health of the patient.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Ayhan Askin, lker Sengul, Aliye Tosun Source Type: research

Functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging in stroke: an evidence‐based clinical review
Stroke is a common condition that may lead to various degrees of neurological deficit and long‐term disability. It has become increasingly recognized that cortical reorganization of neuronal networks plays a significant role in regaining function following a focal brain injury. However, the mechanisms involved in this process are still not fully understood. Resting‐state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging is a rapidly evolving scanning technique that has the potential to shed light into this neuronal rearrangement. A better understanding of the underlying neurological pathways may contribute to the deve...
Source: International Journal of Stroke - March 19, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Ourania Varsou, Mary Joan Macleod, Christian Schwarzbauer Tags: Review Source Type: research

Walking Quality During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation Assessed by Wireless Sensing (P5.176)
CONCLUSIONS: The laboratory-quality gait metrics calculated by our wireless sensor system were sensitive to functional improvements during a period of known clinical recovery. Commercial sensor systems, for which steps counts are inaccurate at the slow speeds typical of hemi-paretic walking, have difficulty producing outcomes related to motor control in persons disabled by neurologic disease. Measurement of the quantity and quality of movements performed during daily activities enables clinicians and researchers to supervise gait training and skills practice during rehabilitation.Disclosure: Dr. Dorsch has nothing to discl...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Dorsch, A., Thomas, S., Dobkin, B. Tags: Neuro-rehabilitation: Stroke Source Type: research

Cell-Based Therapies for Stroke: Promising Solution or Dead End? Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Comorbidities in Preclinical Stroke Research
Conclusion The high prevalence of comorbidities in patients with stroke indicates the need for therapies in preclinical studies that take into account these comorbidities in order to avoid failures in translation to the patient. Preclinical studies are beginning to evaluate the efficacy of MSC treatment in stroke associated with comorbidities, especially hypertension, for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Regarding aging and diabetes, only ischemic stroke studies have been performed. For the moment, few studies have been performed and contradictory results are being reported. These contradictory results may be due to the u...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Age- and Sex-Associated Impacts of Body Mass Index on Stroke Type Risk: A 27-Year Prospective Cohort Study in a Low-Income Population in China
Conclusions Being overweight increased the risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes; obesity was only associated with an increased risk of IS. Additionally, the positive association between BMI and stroke risk was only observed in participants aged <65 years and the associations differed between men and women. Being overweight increased the risk of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in men and being underweight increased their risk of hemorrhagic stroke. In women, being overweight increased the hemorrhagic stroke risk, whereas obesity increased their IS risks. The high prevalence of hypertension and elevat...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Acupuncture for Post-stroke Shoulder-Hand Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Acupuncture therapy seems effective for motor function, pain relief and activities of daily living in stroke patients with mild SHS, when it is used in combination with rehabilitation. The low certainty of evidence downgrades our confidence in making recommendations to clinical practice. Introduction Shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) is a common condition among people who have had a stroke, with its reported prevalence ranging from 12% to 49% (1, 2). The main symptoms of SHS include pain, hyperalgesia, joint swelling and limitations in range of motion (ROM) (3). Post-stroke SHS is also named type I complex ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Stroke Therapy
Conclusion and Future Perspectives Stem cell-based therapy is a promising alternative for stroke treatment. While stem cells from different sources, including induced PSC, ESC, MSC, and NSC, have been investigated, using NSC and enhancing the natural mechanisms is most appropriate for brain repair. In preclinical models of stroke, stem cell transplantation has led to positive outcomes through a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms, many being mediated by the array of beneficial factors produced by the cells. Recent advances in cellular reprogramming have provided alternative sources of NSC to be investigated, allo...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Discovery could lead to better recovery after stroke
UCLA researchers have identified a molecule that, after a stroke, signals brain tissue to form new connections to compensate for the damage and initiate repairs to the brain. The finding could eventually lead to a new treatment to promote brain repair and functional recovery in people who have suffered a stroke, which is the leading cause of serious long-term disability in adults. The five-year study, performed in an animal model, was the first to identify growth differentiation factor 10, or GDF10, a molecule that previously had no known role in the adult brain, said Dr. S. Thomas Carmichael, the study’s senior author ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 26, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news