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Infectious Disease: HIV AIDS
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Total 26 results found since Jan 2013.
A Positive HIV Test Shattered His Dreams of Serving in the U.S. Army. Now He ’ s Suing
One cold winter morning in 2008, 8-year-old Isaiah Wilkins decided to try on his mother’s National Guard uniform, something he always wanted to do. She was away at training in Texas, but she kept an extra uniform at home in Temple, Georgia.
Young Isaiah climbed up to the attic of his parents’ single-story house and spotted the blue 30-gallon bin where his mother stored her military clothes. He unclicked the clips on the sides, lifted the lid, and rummaged through the neatly organized items. After carefully shuffling through a few patches and her combat boots, he spotted her uniform.
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Source: TIME: Health - December 1, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jordan Gonsalves Tags: Uncategorized HIV/AIDS Military Source Type: news
Impact of universal testing and treatment on sexual risk behaviour and herpes simplex virus type 2: a prespecified secondary outcomes analysis of the HPTN 071 (PopART) community-randomised trial
Lancet HIV. 2022 Nov;9(11):e760-e770. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(22)00253-3.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Comprehensive HIV prevention strategies have raised concerns that knowledge of interventions to reduce risk of HIV infection might mitigate an individual's perception of risk, resulting in riskier sexual behaviour. We investigated the prespecified secondary outcomes of the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial to determine whether a combination HIV prevention strategy, including universal HIV testing and treatment, changed sexual behaviour; specifically, we investigated whether there was evidence of sexual risk compensation.METHODS: HPTN 071 (Po...
Source: Herpes - November 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ethan Wilson Deborah Donnell Timothy Skalland Sian Floyd Ayana Moore Nomtha Bell-Mandla Justin Bwalya Nkatya Kasese Rory Dunbar Kwame Shanaube Barry Kosloff Oliver Laeyendecker Yaw Agyei Graeme Hoddinott Peter Bock Sarah Fidler Richard Hayes Helen Ayles H Source Type: research
What Researchers Have Learned About Whether it ’s Possible to ‘Cure’ HIV
It’s the news that the HIV community has been waiting four long decades for: the hint that maybe, just maybe, HIV can be cured.
Dr. Xu Yu, a principal investigator at the Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard, as well as an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, had to check and recheck her results to be sure. In one of her patients, test after test to detect evidence of HIV in the woman’s blood came up empty. In addition to her lab’s results, “We had complementary assays in labs in Australia, D.C. and Argentina, where the patient is from, all trying ...
Source: TIME: Health - November 30, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized healthscienceclimate HIV/AIDS Source Type: news
The Company That Makes Remdesivir Says it Considerably Reduces COVID-19 Deaths
In a report published Friday, researchers from biopharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences said that COVID-19 patients receiving its antiviral drug remdesivir experienced lower mortality rates and better recovery times compared to those not getting the treatment.
The researchers compared 312 people hospitalized for COVID-19 and who received remdesivir to 818 people with similarly severe cases who were treated with standard of care, but did not need mechanical ventilation to breathe. Compared to the people in the latter group, those getting remdesivir showed a 62% lower risk of mortality during the study period. Furthermore, ...
Source: TIME: Health - July 10, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 UnitedWeRise20Disaster Source Type: news
Major Neutralization Site of Hepatitis E Virus and Use of this Neutralization Site in Methods of Vaccination
Hepatitis E is endemic in many countries throughout the developing world, in particular on the continents of Africa and Asia. The disease generally affects young adults and has a very high mortality rate, up to 20%, in pregnant women. This invention relates to the identification of a neutralization site of hepatitis E virus (HEV) and neutralizing antibodies that react with it. The neutralization site is located on a polypeptide from the ORF2 gene (capsid gene) of HEV. This neutralization site was identified using a panel of chimpanzee monoclonal antibodies that are virtually identical to human antibodies. Since this neutra...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - July 6, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ott-admin Source Type: research
HIV-positive infants are at high risk for acquiring congenital cytomegalovirus infection
FINDINGSInfants born to HIV-positive mothers had high rates of congenital cytomegalovirus, or CMV. Infants who also were infected before birth by the virus that causes AIDS were especially prone to CMV infection.The researchers found that 23 percent of the infants who became infected with HIV during the mother ’s pregnancy also were infected with CMV; 18 percent who were infected with HIV either during pregnancy or birth acquired congenital CMV; and 4.9 percent who were exposed to HIV but remained uninfected with that virus also acquired congenital CMV.Overall, HIV-infected infants were four times as likely to have acqui...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 15, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news
More Than 78 Percent of Health Care Personnel Receive Flu Shot
But only 53.6 percent of pregnant women received flu shot before/during pregnancy in 2016 - 2017
Source: The Doctors Lounge - Oncology - September 29, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cardiology, Dermatology, Endocrinology, Family Medicine, Geriatrics, Gastroenterology, Gynecology, Infections, AIDS, Internal Medicine, Allergy, Critical Care, Emergency Medicine, Nephrology, Neurology, Nursing, Oncology, Ophthalmology, Orthopedics, ENT, Source Type: news
Zika Virus Vaccines
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted by mosquitos that is strongly linked to neurological complications including Guillain-Barr é syndrome, meningoencephalitis, and microcephaly. The association between active ZIKV infection during pregnancy and microcephaly and intrauterine growth retardation in the fetus has been confirmed in murine models of ZIKV infection.Scientists at NIAID have developed nucleic acid-based vaccine candidates to prevent ZIKV infection in humans. The current lead candidate vaccine is a plasmid DNA vaccine demonstrated to accord protection in preclinical models and is undergoing clinical trial...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - February 28, 2017 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research
Only a limited HIV subset moves from mother to child, study shows
This study highlights the need for different strategies to prevent transmission during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. It also provides information into which antibodies may be helpful. AUTHORSThe authors were Grace Aldrovandi, Nicole Tobin and Nicholas Webb of UCLA Children ’s Discovery and Innovation Institute; Kyle Nakamura, Edwin Sobrera, Thomas Wilkinson of Children’s Hospital Los Angeles; Katherine Semrau and Donald Thea of Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School and Ariadne Labs; Chipepo Kankasa of the University of Zambia; Benhur Lee of Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Louise Kuhn of...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 15, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news
Environmental Pollution: An Under-recognized Threat to Children’s Health, Especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Conclusions
Patterns of disease are changing rapidly in LMICs. Pollution-related chronic diseases are becoming more common. This shift presents a particular problem for children, who are proportionately more heavily exposed than are adults to environmental pollutants and for whom these exposures are especially dangerous. Better quantification of environmental exposures and stepped-up efforts to understand how to prevent exposures that cause disease are needed in LMICs and around the globe.
To confront the global problem of disease caused by pollution, improved programs of public health monitoring and environmental protecti...
Source: EHP Research - March 1, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Brief Communication March 2016 Source Type: research
Should pregnant women with unknown HIV status be offered rapid HIV testing in labour?
Scenario A primiparous woman from Central Africa presents to a maternity unit in Scotland for a booking appointment at 38 weeks’ gestation. She agrees to antenatal testing and routine bloods, including HIV serology. Urgent testing is not requested. The woman presents again in established labour 72 h later and delivers a healthy infant vaginally. In the absence of a positive result in the maternal notes, HIV serology is assumed to be negative. Mother and infant are discharged on day 2 of life, mixed breastfeeding (ie, breast milk and formula milk). A positive maternal HIV result is reported to the paediatric...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - December 14, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Downie, J., Mactier, H., Bland, R. M. Tags: Obstetrics and gynaecology, Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Childhood nutrition, Pregnancy, Reproductive medicine, Child health, Infant health, Infant nutrition (including breastfeeding), Sexual Source Type: research
Puerperal sepsis in the 21st century: progress, new challenges and the situation worldwide
Puerperal sepsis is one of the five leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide, and accounts for 15% of all maternal deaths. The WHO defined puerperal sepsis in 1992 as an infection of the genital tract occurring at any time between the rupture of membranes or labour and the 42nd day post partum; in which, two or more of the following are present: pelvic pain, fever, abnormal vaginal discharge and delay in the reduction of the size of the uterus. At the same time, the WHO introduced the term puerperal infections, which also include non-genital infections in the obstetric population. Recent epidemiological data shows th...
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - September 24, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Buddeberg, B. S., Aveling, W. Tags: Sexual transmitted infections (viral), Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Pain (neurology), Pregnancy, Reproductive medicine, Epidemiology PMJ 90th anniversary review Source Type: research
How can verbal autopsy guide perinatal care in low-income and middle-income countries?
As the first era of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) approaches the end and its successors the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are launched, this is an appropriate time to reflect on reasons why such great progress has been made in some areas while so little has been achieved in others. The case of perinatal mortality is perhaps the most baffling of them all. Though worldwide child mortality fell almost 50% from 90/1000 in 1990 (the benchmark year) to 46/1000 in 2013 (the most recent year for which data are available), there was almost no change in neonatal mortality. As a result, it has accounted for an ever-i...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition - August 18, 2015 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Brown, N. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), HIV/AIDS, Travel medicine, Tropical medicine (infectious diseases), Pregnancy, Child health, Infant health, Airway biology, Sexual health Editorials Source Type: research
The Quality Of Health Care You Receive Likely Depends On Your Skin Color
Unequal health care continues to be a serious problem for black Americans. More than a decade after the Institute of Medicine issued a landmark report showing that minority patients were less likely to receive the same quality health care as white patients, racial and ethnic disparities continue to plague the U.S. health care system. That report, which was published in 2002, indicated that even when both groups had similar insurance or the same ability to pay for care, black patients received inferior treatment to white patients. This still hold true, according to our investigation into dozens of studies about black health...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - June 29, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
Penicillin is the drug of choice to treat all stages of syphilis despite a paucity of clinical trials data for the treatment of some stages, pregnant women and HIV-infected people
Commentary on: Clement ME, Okeke NL, Hicks CB. Treatment of syphilis: a systematic review. JAMA 2014;312:1905–17. Context Syphilis rates are increasing particularly in men, many of whom are HIV co-infected. In some areas, syphilis continues to affect women leading to high rates of congenital infections. Non-treponemal serological tests are still the mainstay of staging and assessing response to therapy. These tests are, at best, an indirect marker of disease activity. In some cases, changes in non-treponemal titres may reflect factors other than syphilis infection.1 In the pre-antibiotic era, people with early syphil...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 17, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tuddenham, S., Ghanem, K. G. Tags: Sexual transmitted infections (bacterial), Sexual transmitted infections (viral), Clinical trials (epidemiology), Immunology (including allergy), HIV/AIDS, Infection (neurology), Pregnancy Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research
