• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Diabetes Mellitus Impairs Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged Rats and Neurological Recovery in Middle-Aged Rats After Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Our data suggest that DM exacerbates neurovascular damage and hinders brain repair processes, which likely contribute to the impairment of stroke recovery.
Source: Stroke - July 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhang, L., Chopp, M., Zhang, Y., Xiong, Y., Li, C., Sadry, N., Rhaleb, I., Lu, M., Zhang, Z. G. Tags: Basic Science Research, Cognitive Impairment, Neurogenesis Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Stroke Therapy
Conclusion and Future Perspectives Stem cell-based therapy is a promising alternative for stroke treatment. While stem cells from different sources, including induced PSC, ESC, MSC, and NSC, have been investigated, using NSC and enhancing the natural mechanisms is most appropriate for brain repair. In preclinical models of stroke, stem cell transplantation has led to positive outcomes through a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms, many being mediated by the array of beneficial factors produced by the cells. Recent advances in cellular reprogramming have provided alternative sources of NSC to be investigated, allo...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Angiogenin in the Neurogenic Subventricular Zone After Stroke
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with effective acute thrombolytic treatments. However, brain repair mechanisms related to spontaneous or rehabilitation-induced recovery are still under investigation, and little is known about the molecules involved. The present study examines the potential role of angiogenin (ANG), a known regulator of cell function and metabolism linked to neurological disorders, focusing in the neurogenic subventricular zone (SVZ). Angiogenin expression was examined in the mouse SVZ and in SVZ-derived neural stem cells (NSCs), which were exposed to exogenous ANG treat...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 21, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

HMGB1, angel or devil, in ischemic stroke
ConclusionsHMGB1 plays a complex role in cerebral infarction, which is related to not only the modification of HMGB1 and bound receptors but also different stages and subtypes of cerebral infarction. future studies on HMGB1 should investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of HMGB1 after cerebral infarction. Moreover, future studies on HMGB1 should attempt to integrate different stages and infarct subtypes of cerebral infarction.
Source: Brain and Behavior - April 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Bin Gao, Shuwen Wang, Jiangfeng Li, Nannan Han, Hanming Ge, Gejuan Zhang, Mingze Chang Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

Enhancing Base Excision Repair of Mitochondrial DNA to Reduce Ischemic Injury Following Reperfusion
AbstractWe hypothesize that enhancing mitochondrial base excision repair (BER) capability in brain will reduce reperfusion-associated ischemic brain injury. Post-stroke reperfusion was modeled in mice via transient filament occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (60  min) (transient MCAO). Administration of a TAT-modified form of a DNA glycosylase (EndoIII) following reperfusion of the brain reduced resultant brain infarct volume. Protection was dose-dependent, BER enzyme specific, and regionally specific (more effective via the jugular vein). EndoIII is compa tible with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). The time windo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Postischemic Inflammation in Acute Stroke.
Authors: Vidale S, Consoli A, Arnaboldi M, Consoli D Abstract Cerebral ischemia is caused by arterial occlusion due to a thrombus or an embolus. Such occlusion induces multiple and concomitant pathophysiological processes that involve bioenergetic failure, acidosis, loss of cell homeostasis, excitotoxicity, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. All of these mechanisms contribute to neuronal death, mainly via apoptosis or necrosis. The immune system is involved in this process in the early phases after brain injury, which contributes to potential enlargement of the infarct size and involves the penumbra area. W...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurology - January 13, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: J Clin Neurol Source Type: research

Using light microscopy for diagnosing the cause of a case of acute stroke
A 60-year-old febrile man was transferred to the emergency department after being found alone and unconscious in a park. No medical history was available. Brain CT revealed a hyperdense lesion in the basilar artery (figure, A) suggesting a thromboembolic occlusion, which was subsequently thromboaspirated (figure, B and C). The fresh thrombus was retrieved (figure, D) and urgently analyzed using light microscopy, which revealed colonies of gram-positive bacilli (figure, E). A cardiac echogram showed severe mitral valve insufficiency and vegetations on its anterior leaflet (figure, F). After mitral valve repair and a long co...
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - April 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Hajdu, S. D., Maillard, M., Antiochos, P., Saliou, G. Tags: Stroke in young adults, All Infections, Embolism Case Source Type: research

Should TCDs be routinely used for evaluating intracranial circulation for screening high risk patients prior to cardiac surgery? (P2.280)
CONCLUSIONS: Our case elucidates the possibility of a hypoperfusion stroke related to left vertebral dominantly supplying intracranial circulation in presence of bilateral significant carotid stenosis. Due to lack of previous cardio/cerebrovascular events, his carotid stenosis was deemed asymptomatic prior to cardiac surgery. We propose that intracranial collateral flow should be investigated via TCD in patients with bilateral carotid stenosis undergoing procedures with high stroke risk to assess safety and efficacy of carotid revascularization in this small but significant subset. Additional studies like acetazolamide wit...
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Vu, Q., Bishop, L., Edwards, M., Tegeler, C., Sarwal, A. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: PFO and Other Cardiac Disease Source Type: research

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Exacerbate Ischemic Brain Damage
AbstractMost acute strokes are ischemic, and subsequent neuroinflammation promotes further damage leading to cell death but also plays a beneficial role by promoting cellular repair. Neutrophils are forerunners to brain lesions after ischemic stroke and exert elaborate functions. While neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) possess a fundamental antimicrobial function within the innate immune system under physiological circumstances, increasing evidence indicates that NETosis, the release process of NETs, occurs in the pathogenic process of stroke. In this review, we focus on the processes of NET formation and clearance, th...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinical Value of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
ConclusionsNLR and PLR as novel inflammatory biomarkers are independent predictors of DCI development and functional outcome after acute aSAH. When combined together, they may help to identify high-risk patients more powerfully.
Source: Neurocritical Care - December 26, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research