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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: ALS

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Total 158 results found since Jan 2013.

Current approaches to enhance glutamate transporter function and expression
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 20, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Andréia C. K. Fontana Tags: Review Source Type: research

Regenerative cellular Therapies for neurologic Diseases.
Abstract The promise of stem cell regeneration has been the hope of many neurologic patients with permanent damage to the central nervous system. There are hundreds of stem cell trials worldwide intending to test the regenerative capacity of stem cells in various neurological conditions from Parkinson's disease to multiple sclerosis. Although no stem cell therapy is clinically approved for use in any human disease indication, patients are seeking out trials and asking clinicians for guidance. This review summarizes the current state of regenerative stem cell transplantation divided into seven conditions for which ...
Source: Brain Research - July 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Levy M, Boulis N, Rao M, Svendsen CN Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Cannabinoids in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Stroke/Brain Trauma: From Preclinical Models to Clinical Applications
Abstract Cannabinoids form a singular family of plant-derived compounds (phytocannabinoids), endogenous signaling lipids (endocannabinoids), and synthetic derivatives with multiple biological effects and therapeutic applications in the central and peripheral nervous systems. One of these properties is the regulation of neuronal homeostasis and survival, which is the result of the combination of a myriad of effects addressed to preserve, rescue, repair, and/or replace neurons, and also glial cells against multiple insults that may potentially damage these cells. These effects are facilitated by the location of spec...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - August 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dormant viral genes may awaken to cause ALS
Scientists at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) discovered that reactivation of ancient viral genes embedded in the human genome may cause the destruction of neurons in some forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - September 30, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

Association of Pseudobulbar Affect Symptoms with Quality of Life and Healthcare Costs in Veterans with Traumatic Brain Injury
Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is an affect disinhibition syndrome characterized by uncontrollable, exaggerated, and often inappropriate outbursts of crying or laughing.(Schiffer and Pope, 2005) It has been associated with disruption or damage to neural systems that modulate voluntary and involuntary emotional expression(Wortzel et al., 2008, Parvizi et al., 2009, Lauterbach et al., 2013)PBA has been identified in patients with a multitude of neurological disorders, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease.(Moore et al., 1997, Schiffer and Pope, 2...
Source: Journal of Affective Disorders - October 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: James L. Rudolph, Jennifer R. Fonda, Phillip R. Hunt, Regina E. McGlinchey, William P. Milberg, Matthew W. Reynolds, Charles Yonan Source Type: research

An open-label study to assess safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of dextromethorphan/quinidine for pseudobulbar affect in dementia: PRISM II results.
CONCLUSIONS: DM/Q significantly reduced PBA symptoms in patients with dementia; reported adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of DM/Q. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01799941. PMID: 26471212 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: CNS Spectrums - October 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Doody RS, D'Amico S, Cutler AJ, Davis CS, Shin P, Ledon F, Yonan C, Siffert J Tags: CNS Spectr Source Type: research

Nuclear transport problems linked to ALS and FTD
Three teams of scientists supported by the National Institutes of Health showed that a genetic mutation linked to some forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) may destroy neurons by disrupting the movement of materials in and out of the cell’s nucleus, or command center where most of its DNA is stored.
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - October 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

Proteostasis impairment in ALS.
Abstract In physiological conditions the maintenance of the cellular proteome is a prerequisite for optimal cell functioning and cell survival. Additionally, cells need to constantly sense and adapt to their changing environment and associated stressors. Cells achieve this via a set of molecular chaperones, protein clearance pathways as well as stress-associated signaling networks which work together to prevent protein misfolding, its aggregation and accumulation in subcellular compartments. These processes together form the proteostasis network which helps in maintaining cellular proteostasis. Imbalance or impair...
Source: Brain Research - March 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ruegsegger C, Saxena S Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Parakinesia Brachialis Oscitans after an Acute Internal Capsule Infarct (P1.014)
Conclusions:Involuntary stereotyped movements of an otherwise plegic arm while yawning was first observed in 1844 and coined "parakinesia brachialis oscitans" in 2010. The term parakinesia was used to differentiate the movements from synkinesia. The causes are diverse and include ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes, pontine tuberculoma, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ischemic strokes are most often implicated and typically involve a lenticulostriate branch of the middle cerebral artery. Lesions affecting the pyramidal tracts are the common denominator. The phenomenon may be observed acutely when the limb is flaccid or mont...
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Koo, B., Wang, E. Tags: Movement Disorders ePoster Session Source Type: research

The Changing Landscape of Ethical Issues in Neurology Practice and Research (P1.365)
Conclusions: As technological advancements provide neurologists with more diagnostic and treatment options ethical considerations need to be reassessed in order to ensure adherence to medical and neurological professional codes of conduct. Many of these technological advancements have provided neurologists with tools and treatment options which although appear promising, are far from universally understood or accepted. New concerns regarding Brain death, neuro-enhancement, and TBI have emerged and merit further study.Disclosure: Dr. Bergquist has nothing to disclose. Dr. Theriault has nothing to disclose. Dr. Etienne has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Bergquist, P., Theriault, M., Etienne, M. Tags: Ethics and Policy Source Type: research

The Evaluation and Management of Alternative Diagnoses in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (P5.091)
Conclusions: Treatment with intravenous steroids, immunoglobulin and surgical interventions prior to diagnosis of ALS is associated with a significantly prolonged mean ODI.Disclosure: Dr. Kannan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Glass has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kannan, M., Glass, J. Tags: Neuroepidemiology: Neuro-oncology and ALS Source Type: research

PRISM II: an open-label study to assess effectiveness of dextromethorphan/quinidine for pseudobulbar affect in patients with dementia, stroke or traumatic brain injury
Phase 3 trials supporting dextromethorphan/quinidine (DM/Q) use as a treatment for pseudobulbar affect (PBA) were conducted in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or multiple sclerosis (MS). The ...
Source: BMC Neurology - June 9, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Flora M. Hammond, David N. Alexander, Andrew J. Cutler, Stephen D’Amico, Rachelle S. Doody, William Sauve, Richard D. Zorowitz, Charles S. Davis, Paul Shin, Fred Ledon, Charles Yonan, Andrea E. Formella and Joao Siffert Source Type: research

Tauopathies - focus on changes at the neurovascular unit.
Abstract In the past, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) had been characterized mainly as a layer of endothelial cells forming the vessel/capillary wall of the brain. More recently, the BBB is considered to be a part of a highly dynamic and interactive system called the neurovascular unit (NVU), consisting of vascular cells, glial cells, and neurons. The list of central nervous system (CNS) pathologies involving BBB dysfunction is rapidly growing. The opening of the BBB and subsequent infiltration of serum components to the brain can lead to host of processes resulting in progressive synaptic and neuronal dysfunction a...
Source: Current Alzheimer Research - February 2, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Michalicova A, Banks WA, Legath J, Kovac A Tags: Curr Alzheimer Res Source Type: research

The role of aquaporin-4 in synaptic plasticity, memory and disease.
Abstract Since the discovery of aquaporins, it has become clear that the various mammalian aquaporins play critical physiological roles in water and ion balance in multiple tissues. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), the principal aquaporin expressed in the central nervous system (CNS, brain and spinal cord), has been shown to mediate CNS water homeostasis. In this review, we summarize new and exciting studies indicating that AQP4 also plays critical and unanticipated roles in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Next, we consider the role of AQP4 in Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - March 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Hubbard JA, Szu JI, Binder DK Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Edaravone (MCI-186) for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A Posthoc Analysis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) by Domain and Individual Items (P3.130)
Conclusions:A generally favorable descriptive effect for edaravone was observed during posthoc assessment of the ALSFRS-R by domain and individual items.Study Supported by: MTPC was responsible for funding and conduct of the study. MTDA was responsible for executing this analysis.Disclosure: Dr. Palumbo has received personal compensation for activities with Mitsubishi Tanabe as an employee. Dr. Palumbo holds stock options in Actelion Clinical Research, Inc., in which his spouse is a full-time pharmaceutical researcher and receives stock options as partial compensation for work performed. Dr. Takei has received personal com...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Palumbo, J. M., Takei, K., Tsuda, K., Liu, S. Tags: Neuromuscular and Clinical Neurophysiology (EMG): Motor Neuron Disease I Source Type: research