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Blunted cardiovascular effects of beta-blockers in patients with cirrhosis: Relation to severity?
ConclusionWe found the effect of beta-blockade on cardiac index in patients with advanced cirrhosis to be less potent than in patients with early cirrhosis, indicating that underlying cirrhotic cardiomyopathy increases, and the cardiac compensatory reserve becomes more compromised, with disease progression. The differential effects of beta-blockade in the left atrium may be used to predict the effect of beta-blockers on portal pressure, but further studies are needed to investigate this possibility.
Source: PLoS One - June 28, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Puria Nabilou Source Type: research

Transdermal opioid patch in treatment of paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia with multiple cerebral insults: A case report
Rationale: Paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia (PAID) is an underdiagnosed syndrome that describes a collection of symptoms following diverse cerebral insults, such as traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus, hemorrhagic stroke, or brain anoxia. It is manifested by systemic high blood pressure, hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis, intermittent agitation, and certain forms of dystonia. Patient concerns: A semi-comatose 46-year-old man was transferred from the regional rehabilitation hospital with various complaints involving fluctuating vital signs, including uncontrolled hyperthermia, hypertensi...
Source: Medicine - October 2, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Thyrotoxicosis and bilateral internal carotid artery dissections
Cervical artery dissection is a rare but important diagnosis to consider in young patients presenting with stroke. Multiple etiologies of cervical artery dissections have been previously reported, but the association with thyrotoxicosis is extremely rare. A previously healthy 43-year-old female presented to the emergency department with new symptoms related to thyrotoxicosis and bilateral internal carotid artery dissections. Her atrial fibrillation and hypertension resolved by treating the underlying hyperthyroidism with methimazole and propranolol.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 26, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Thomas Winter, Eyal Kraut, Kristjan Thompson Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

A rare case of thyrotoxicosis and bilateral internal carotid artery dissections
Cervical artery dissection is a rare but important diagnosis to consider in young patients presenting with stroke. Multiple etiologies of cervical artery dissections have been previously reported, but the association with thyrotoxicosis is extremely rare. A previously healthy 43-year-old female presented to the emergency department with new symptoms related to thyrotoxicosis and bilateral internal carotid artery dissections. Her atrial fibrillation and hypertension resolved by treating the underlying hyperthyroidism with methimazole and propranolol.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 25, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Thomas Winter, Eyal Kraut, Kristjan Thompson Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Electrochemical determination of antihypertensive drugs by employing costless and portable unmodified screen-printed electrodes.
Abstract Hypertension increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, is commonly known as a silent killer disease and considered as one of the key risk factor for premature death and disability over the world. Herein, we report for the first time a sensitive, costless and reproducible voltammetric method for individual determination of five antihypertensive drugs namely, propranolol (PRO), timolol (TIM), amlodipine (AML), amiloride (AMI) and triamterene (TRI) using differential pulse voltammetry at bare/unmodified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPEs) in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Each drug exhib...
Source: Talanta - March 18, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Khorshed AA, Khairy M, Banks CE Tags: Talanta Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in adults aged 18 to 59 years.
CONCLUSIONS: Antihypertensive drugs used to treat predominantly healthy adults aged 18 to 59 years with mild to moderate primary hypertension have a small absolute effect to reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity primarily due to reduction in cerebrovascular mortality and morbidity. All-cause mortality and coronary heart disease were not reduced. There is lack of good evidence on withdrawal due to adverse events. Future trials in this age group should be at least 10 years in duration and should compare different first-line drug classes and strategies. PMID: 28813123 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 16, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Musini VM, Gueyffier F, Puil L, Salzwedel DM, Wright JM Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Prevalence of hypertension and its treatment among adults presenting to primary health clinics in rural Zambia: analysis of an observational database
Conclusions: Age standardized prevalence of hypertension in rural primary health clinics in Zambia was high compared to other studies in rural Africa; however, we diagnosed hypertension with only one measurement and this may have biased our findings. Future efforts to improve hypertension control should focus on population preventive care and primary healthcare provider education on individual management.
Source: BMC Public Health - September 21, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Lily YanBenjamin ChiNtazana SindanoSamuel BosomprahJeffrey StringerRoma Chilengi Source Type: research

Chronic antihypertensive treatment improves pulse pressure but not large artery mechanics in a mouse model of congenital vascular stiffness
Increased arterial stiffness is a common characteristic of humans with Williams-Beuren syndrome and mouse models of elastin insufficiency. Arterial stiffness is associated with multiple negative cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and sudden death. Therefore, identifying therapeutic interventions that improve arterial stiffness in response to changes in elastin levels is of vital importance. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of chronic pharmacologic therapy with different classes of antihypertensive medications on arterial stiffness in elastin insufficiency. Elastin-insufficie...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 1, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Halabi, C. M., Broekelmann, T. J., Knutsen, R. H., Ye, L., Mecham, R. P., Kozel, B. A. Tags: INTEGRATIVE CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Source Type: research

Chronic antihypertensive treatment improves pulse pressure but not large artery mechanics in a mouse model of congenital vascular stiffness.
CHRONIC ANTIHYPERTENSIVE TREATMENT IMPROVES PULSE PRESSURE BUT NOT LARGE ARTERY MECHANICS IN A MOUSE MODEL OF CONGENITAL VASCULAR STIFFNESS. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2015 Jul 31;:ajpheart.00288.2015 Authors: Halabi CM, Broekelmann TJ, Knutsen RH, Ye L, Mecham RP, Kozel BA Abstract Increased arterial stiffness is a common characteristic of humans with Williams-Beuren syndrome and mouse models of elastin insufficiency. Arterial stiffness is associated with multiple negative cardiovascular outcomes, including myocardial infarction, stroke and sudden death. Therefore, identifying therapeutic inter...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - July 31, 2015 Category: Physiology Authors: Halabi CM, Broekelmann TJ, Knutsen RH, Ye L, Mecham RP, Kozel BA Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research