• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Dry powder form of polymeric nanoparticles for pulmonary drug delivery.
Abstract Delivery to the lungs is an efficient way to deliver drugs directly to the site of action or to the blood circulation. Because of limitations of direct administration of free drugs, particulate drug delivery systems such as DPI formulations based on nanoparticles (NPs) have been of interest for pulmonary drug delivery. The prolonged residence of NPs in the lungs due to ability to escape from the clearance mechanisms such as mucociliary escalator, macrophage uptake (a size of 1-2 µm is ideal for macrophage phagocytosis), and translocation to the systemic circulation is amongst the key advantages of NPs. B...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - January 28, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shiehzadeh F, Tafaghodi M Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Ginkgolide B protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against xenobiotic injuries via PXR activation.
CONCLUSION: Ginkgolide B exerts anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells via PXR activation, suggesting that a PXR-mediated endothelial detoxification program may be important for protecting endothelial cells from xeno- and endobiotic-induced injuries. PMID: 26775663 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - January 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhou T, You WT, Ma ZC, Liang QD, Tan HL, Xiao CR, Tang XL, Zhang BL, Wang YG, Gao Y Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Dioscin attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway via up-regulation of HSP70
Publication date: Available online 5 September 2015 Source:Pharmacological Research Author(s): Meng Qi, Lingli Zheng, Yan Qi, Xu Han, Youwei Xu, Lina Xu, Lianhong Yin, Changyuan Wang, Yanyan Zhao, Huijun Sun, Kexin Liu, Jinyong Peng We previously reported the effect of dioscin against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats. However, little is known concerning the role of dioscin in renal IRI. In the present study, rats were subjected to IRI and dioscin was intragastrically administered for seven consecutive days before surgery. In vitro models of hypoxia/ reoxygenation were developed in NRK-52E and...
Source: Pharmacological Research - September 6, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

IL-1β enhances vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via P2Y2 receptor-mediated RAGE expression and HMGB1 release.
Abstract Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the major cell type in blood vessel walls, and their proliferation and migration play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis. Recently, it has been reported that IL-1β mediates the inflammatory response through the upregulation of the P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R). Thus, we examined the role of P2Y2R in IL-1β-mediated proliferation and migration of VSMCs and the underlying molecular mechanisms. VSMCs were pretreated with IL-1β for 24h to upregulate P2Y2R expression. The cells were then stimulated with UTP or ATP for the indicated times, and cell prolifera...
Source: Vascular Pharmacology - May 5, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Eun SY, Ko YS, Park SW, Chang KC, Kim HJ Tags: Vascul Pharmacol Source Type: research

Ascorbic acid reduces HMGB1 secretion in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 cells and improves survival rate in septic mice by activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signals.
Abstract High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is now recognized as a late mediator of sepsis. We tested hypothesis that ascorbic acid (AscA) induces heme oxygenase (HO)-1 which inhibits HMGB1 release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells and increases survival of septic mice. AscA increased HO-1 protein expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner via Nrf2 activation in RAW 264.7 cells. HO-1 induction by AscA was significantly reduced by Nrf2 siRNA-transfected cells. Mutation of cysteine to serine of keap-1 proteins (C151S, C273S, and C288S) lost the ability of HO-1 induction by AscA, due to failur...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - April 17, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kim SR, Ha YM, Kim YM, Park EJ, Kim JW, Park SW, Kim HJ, Chung HT, Chang KC Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

The inhibition of activated hepatic stellate cells proliferation by arctigenin through G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest: Persistent p27(Kip1) induction by interfering with PI3K/Akt/FOXO3a signaling pathway.
In this study, we describe that arctigenin (ATG), a major bioactive component of Fructus Arctii, exhibited selective cytotoxic activity via inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-activated HSCs proliferation and arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, which could not be observed in normal human hepatocytes in vitro. The n-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 activities could be strongly inhibited by ATG through down-regulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 expression in early G1 phase arrest. In the ATG-treated HSCs, the expression level of p27(Kip1) and the formation of CDK2-p27(Kip1) complex were also increased. p27(Kip1) si...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - December 10, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Li A, Wang J, Wu M, Zhang X, Zhang H Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

A novel mechanism for cytoprotection against hypoxic injury: δ‐opioid receptor‐mediated increase in Nrf2 translocation
ConclusionsDOR is cytoprotective against H/R injury and this effect is at least partially dependent on Nrf2 function.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - December 2, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shan Cao, Dongman Chao, Honghao Zhou, Gianfranco Balboni, Ying Xia Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Hyper-O-GlcNAcylation Inhibits the Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp 70) by Sodium Arsenite in HeLa Cells.
Abstract O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine-modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is a reversible, post-translational, and regulatory modification of nuclear, mitochondrial, and cytoplasmic proteins that is responsive to cellular stress. However, the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the induction of heat shock proteins (Hsps) by arsenite remains unclear. We used O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosylidene) amino N-phenyl carbamate (PUGNAc), an inhibitor of O-GlcNAcase, and glucosamine (GlcN), an enhancer of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, or O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) short interfering RNA (siRNA) to enhance or suppress cel...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - August 9, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Miura Y, Sato T, Sakurai Y, Sakai R, Hiraoka W, Endo T Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

P300-dependent STAT3 acetylation is necessary for angiotensin II-induced pro-fibrotic responses in renal tubular epithelial cells.
Conclusion:p300-dependent STAT3 acetylation is necessary for Ang II-induced STAT3 phosphorylation and the consequent pro-fibrotic responses in renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro. PMID: 25088002 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - August 4, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ni J, Shen Y, Wang Z, Shao DC, Liu J, Kong YL, Fu LJ, Zhou L, Xue H, Huang Y, Zhang W, Yu C, Lu LM Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

JAK2/STAT5/Bcl‐xL signalling is essential for erythropoietin‐mediated protection against apoptosis induced in PC12 cells by the amyloid β−peptide Aβ25–35
Conclusions and ImplicationsEPO protected PC12 cells against Aβ25–35‐induced neurotoxicity. Activation of JAK2/STAT5/Bcl‐xL pathway was important in EPO‐mediated neuroprotection. EPO may serve as a novel protective agent against Aβ25–35‐induced cytotoxicity in, for instance, Alzheimer's disease.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - June 10, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Rong Ma, Jing Hu, Chengfang Huang, Min Wang, Jizhou Xiang, Gang Li Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

CXCL12/CXCR4 axis confers adriamycin resistance to human chronic myelogenous leukemia and oroxylin A improves the sensitivity of K562/ADM cells.
In conclusion, all these results showed that oroxylin A improved the sensitivity of K562/ADM cells by increasing apoptosis in leukemic cells and decreasing the expression of CXCR4 and PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, and probably served as a most promising agent for CML treatment. PMID: 24858801 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - May 22, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wang Y, Miao H, Li W, Yao J, Sun Y, Li Z, Zhao L, Guo Q Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Probing Biased/Partial Agonism at the G Protein-Coupled A2B Adenosine Receptoř
Abstract G protein-coupled A2B adenosine receptor (AR) regulates numerous important physiological functions, but its activation by diverse A2BAR agonists is poorly profiled. We probed potential partial and/or biased agonism in cell lines expressing variable levels of endogenous or recombinant A2BAR. In cAMP accumulation assays, both 5'-substituted NECA and C2-substituted MRS3997 are full agonists. However, only 5'-substituted adenosine analogs are full agonists in calcium mobilization, ERK1/2 phosphorylation and β-arrestin translocation. A2BAR overexpression in HEK293 cells markedly increased the agonist potency ...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - May 19, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Gao ZG, Balasubramanian R, Kiselev E, Wei Q, Jacobson KA Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Acetylshikonin induces apoptosis of hepatitis B virus X protein-expressing human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Abstract Since it has been known that shikonin derived from a medicinal plant possesses anti-cancer activity, we wonder whether acetylshikonin (ASK), a derivate of shikonin, could be used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma cells expressing hepatitis B virus X protein (HBX), an oncoprotein from hepatitis B virus. When ASK was added to Hep3B cells stably expressing HBX, it induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. ASK induced upregulation and export of Nur77 to the cytoplasm and activation of JNK. Likewise, suppression of Nur77 and JNK inactivation protected the cells from ASK-induced apoptosis, indicating that N...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - April 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Moon J, Koh SS, Malilas W, Cho IR, Kaewpiboon C, Kaowinn S, Lee K, Jhun BH, Choi YW, Chung YH Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase activates Nrf2 signalling and induces heme oxygenase 1 transcription in breast cancer cells
Conclusions and ImplicationsThese data uncovered a novel mechanism by which inhibition of FAAH or exposure to AEA induced HO‐1 transcripts and implicating AEA and FAAH as direct modifiers in signalling mediated activation of Nrf2‐HO‐1 pathway, independent of cannabinoid receptors.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - September 17, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: H Li, J T Wood, K M Whitten, S K Vadivel, S Seng, A Makriyannis, H K Avraham Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Sauchinone from Saururus chinensis protects vascular inflammation by heme oxygenase-1 induction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
In this study, we investigated the effect of sauchinone in suppressing cell adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in high glucose stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Sauchinone inhibited the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB-α, as well as the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 caused by the stimulation of high glucose. In addition, sauchinone induced heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression through nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 in HUVEC. The effects of sauch...
Source: Phytomedicine - September 16, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Bin Li, Yun Jung Lee, Youn Chul Kim, Jung Joo Yoon, So Min Lee, Yong Pyo Lee, Dae Gill Kang, Ho Sub Lee Tags: Cardiovascular System Source Type: research

Pages: 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10