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STudy of Alteplase for Respiratory failure in SARS-Cov2 COVID-19 (STARS): A Vanguard Multicenter, Rapidly Adaptive, Pragmatic, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Chest. 2021 Sep 27:S0012-3692(21)04063-0. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.09.024. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Pulmonary vascular microthrombi are a proposed mechanism of COVID19 respiratory failure. We hypothesized that early administration of tissue-plasminogen activator(tPA) followed by therapeutic heparin would improve pulmonary function in these patients.RESEARCH QUESTION: Does tPA improve pulmonary function in severe COVID-19 respiratory failure, and is it safe?STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Adults with COVID-19-induced respiratory failure were randomized May14,2020-March 3,2021 in two phases: Phase-1(n=36): contro...
Source: Chest - September 30, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Christopher D Barrett Hunter B Moore Ernest E Moore D Janice Wang Negin Hajizadeh Walter L Biffl Lawrence Lottenberg Purvesh R Patel Michael S Truitt Robert McIntyre Todd M Bull Lee Anne Ammons Arsen Ghasabyan James Chandler Ivor Douglas Eric Schmidt Pete Source Type: research

Acute Neurologic Manifestations of Respiratory Viruses
This article describes the most common respiratory viruses that have neurologic manifestations, with a focus on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. RECENT FINDINGS In vitro and in vivo studies have better elucidated the neurotropism of various respiratory viruses. Understanding host cell receptors that mediate viral binding and entry not only demonstrates how viruses enter host cells but also provides possible mechanisms for therapeutic interventions. Elucidation of SARS-CoV-2 binding and fusion with host cells expressing the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor may also provide greater insights into its systemic an...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - October 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Evidence of Coronavirus (CoV) Pathogenesis and Emerging Pathogen SARS-CoV-2 in the Nervous System: A Review on Neurological Impairments and Manifestations
AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an issue of global significance that has taken the lives of many across the world. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for its pathogenesis. The pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 have been well described in the literature. Initially, it was thought to be limited to the respiratory system; however, we now recognize that COVID-19 also affects several other organs, including the nervous system. Two similar human coronaviruses (CoV) that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-1) and Middle East respirator...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - November 1, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Outcomes in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) at 6 months post-infection Part 1: Cognitive functioning
CONCLUSIONS: The results were noteworthy for infrequent Impaired scores, and significant correlations between cognition and mood/anxiety measures, but not between cognitive performance and premorbid vascular risk factors, psychiatric diagnoses, or COVID-19 disease severity. Results suggest that psychological distress was prominent in PASC and related to objective cognitive performance, but objective cognitive performance was unrelated to cognitive complaints. Other contributing factors may include fatigue/sleep issues. Neurologically based cognitive deficits were not suggested by the results.During the COVID-19 pandemic, r...
Source: The Clinical Neuropsychologist - February 8, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Douglas M Whiteside Michael R Basso Savana M Naini James Porter Erin Holker Eric J Waldron Tanya E Melnik Natalie Niskanen Sarah E Taylor Source Type: research

SARS-CoV-2 and the Central Nervous System: Emerging Insights into Hemorrhage-Associated Neurological Consequences and Therapeutic Considerations
Ageing Res Rev. 2022 Jul 14:101687. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101687. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to impact our lives by causing widespread illness and death and poses a threat due to the possibility of emerging strains. SARS-CoV-2 targets angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) before entering vital organs of the body, including the brain. Studies have shown systemic inflammation, cellular senescence, and viral toxicity-mediated multi-organ failure occur during infectious periods. However, prognostic in...
Source: Ageing Research Reviews - July 17, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Joy Mitra Manohar Kodavati Vincent E Provasek K S Rao Sankar Mitra Dale J Hamilton Philip J Horner Farhaan S Vahidy Gavin W Britz Thomas A Kent Muralidhar L Hegde Source Type: research

Rare Adverse Events Associated with BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech): A Review of Large-Scale, Controlled Surveillance Studies
In conclusion, this review has concisely summarized the current rare adverse events related and unrelated to BNT162b2, arguably for the first time in sufficient depth, to better communicate vaccine safety to the public.PMID:35891231 | DOI:10.3390/vaccines10071067
Source: Herpes - July 27, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shin-Jie Yong Alice Halim Michael Halim Abbas Al Mutair Saad Alhumaid Jehad Al-Sihati Hawra Albayat Mohammed Alsaeed Mohammed Garout Reyouf Al Azmi Noor Aldakheel Abeer N Alshukairi Hani A Al Ali Adel A Almoumen Ali A Rabaan Source Type: research

Neurological consequences of COVID-19
Pharmacol Rep. 2022 Sep 30. doi: 10.1007/s43440-022-00424-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn December 2019, cases of pneumonia caused by infection with the previously unknown severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), were identified. Typical manifestations of COVID-19 are fever, cough, fatigue and dyspnoea. Initially, it was thought that the mechanism of action of SARS-CoV-2 was only associated with respiratory tract invasion, but it was later revealed that the infection might involve many other organs and systems, including the central and peripheral ner...
Source: Pharmacological Reports - September 30, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Waldemar Brola Maciej Wilski Source Type: research

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