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Specialty: Endocrinology
Condition: Diabetes
Drug: Fortamet

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Total 74 results found since Jan 2013.

Impact of glucose-lowering therapies on risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes.
Abstract Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have an increased risk of stroke compared with people without diabetes. However, the effects of glucose-lowering drugs on risk of ischaemic stroke in T2D have been less extensively investigated than in coronary heart disease. Some evidence, including the UKPDS, has suggested a reduced risk of stroke with metformin, although the number of studies is limited. Inhibition of the KATP channels increases ischaemic brain lesions in animals. This is in agreement with a recent meta-analysis showing an increased risk of stroke with sulphonylureas vs. various comparators as both m...
Source: Diabetes and Metabolism - May 15, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Bonnet F, Scheen AJ Tags: Diabetes Metab Source Type: research

Stroke risk in treatment of type 2 diabetes in China: a 7 year retrospective cohort study
Publication date: November 2016 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Volume 4, Supplement 1 Author(s): Rui Liu, Qing Wang, Vivian Szeto, Andrew Barszczyk, Tianru Jin, Edoardo Mannucci, Hong-Shuo Sun, Zhong-Ping Feng Background Diabetes and stroke are leading causes of death and disability, and major public health concerns in China, which accounts for 25% of patients with diabetes worldwide. Type 2 diabetes is an independent risk factor for cerebral ischaemia and accounts for about 20% of stroke cases. We previously showed that KATP channel activation provides neuroprotection against cerebral ischaemia and t...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - November 17, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Association of glucose-lowering drugs with incident stroke and transient ischaemic attacks in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes: disease analyzer database
ConclusionsTreatment with SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists might reduce non-fatal stroke/TIA in persons with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
Source: Acta Diabetologica - August 6, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Metformin Treatment in Post-stroke Period Prevents Nitrative Stress and Restores Angiogenic Signaling in the Brain in Diabetes.
Abstract We have shown that diabetes impedes vascular repair and causes vasoregression in the brain after stroke but mechanisms underlying this response are still unclear. We hypothesized that excess peroxynitrite formation in diabetic ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) inactivates the p85 subunit of PI3K by nitration and diverts the PI3K-Akt-survival signal to the p38MAPkinase-apoptosis pathway. Nitrotyrosine (NY), Akt and p38 activity, p85 nitration and caspase-3 cleavage were measured in brains from control, diabetic (GK) or GK rats treated with metformin subjected to sham or stroke surgery and in brain microvas...
Source: Diabetes - December 18, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Abdelsaid M, Prakash R, Li W, Coucha M, Hafez S, Johnson MH, Fagan SC, Ergul A Tags: Diabetes Source Type: research

Metformin Treatment in the Period After Stroke Prevents Nitrative Stress and Restores Angiogenic Signaling in the Brain in Diabetes
Diabetes impedes vascular repair and causes vasoregression in the brain after stroke, but mechanisms underlying this response are still unclear. We hypothesized that excess peroxynitrite formation in diabetic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury inactivates the p85 subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) by nitration and diverts the PI3K–Akt survival signal to the p38–mitogen-activated protein kinase apoptosis pathway. Nitrotyrosine (NY), Akt and p38 activity, p85 nitration, and caspase-3 cleavage were measured in brains from control, diabetic (GK), or metformin-treated GK rats subjected to sham or stroke surg...
Source: Diabetes - April 23, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Abdelsaid, M.; Prakash, R.; Li, W.; Coucha, M.; Hafez, S.; Johnson, M. H.; Fagan, S. C.; Ergul, A. Tags: Pharmacology and Therapeutics Source Type: research

Case–control study of second‐line therapies for type 2 diabetes in combination with metformin and the comparative risks of myocardial infarction and stroke
ABSTRACT We conducted a population‐based case–control study to assess the myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke risks associated with sulfonylureas and insulin when used in combination with metformin. Cases had type 2 diabetes and used metformin + insulin or metformin + sulfonylureas at the time of a first MI or first stroke from 1995–2010; controls used the same treatment combinations and were randomly sampled from the same population. MI and stroke diagnoses and potential confounders were validated by medical record reviews. Compared with metformin + sulfonylurea, metformin + insulin was associated ...
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - July 14, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: James S. Floyd, Kerri L. Wiggins, Colleen M. Sitlani, James H. Flory, Sascha Dublin, Nicholas L. Smith, Susan R. Heckbert, Bruce M. Psaty Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research

Metformin versus sulphonylureas for new onset atrial fibrillation and stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based study
ConclusionsSulphonylurea use was associated with higher risks of incident AF, stroke, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality compared to metformin. Males and patients older than 65  years with sulphonylurea use were exposed to the highest risks.
Source: Acta Diabetologica - February 3, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (Part 2) -Prevention and the effects of glucose lowering therapies
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. Stroke primary prevention can be achieved by controlling atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and the utilization of statins and anticoagulant therapies. Utilizing pioglitazone and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of stroke while the utilization of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 and SGLT-2 inhibitors have no effect.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

Stroke in the patient with diabetes (Part 2) – Prevention and the effects of glucose lowering therapies
There is a higher incidence of stroke in both the type 2 diabetic and the non-diabetic insulin resistant patient which is accompanied by higher morbidity and mortality. Stroke primary prevention can be achieved by controlling atrial fibrillation and hypertension, and the utilization of statins and anticoagulant therapies. Utilizing pioglitazone and GLP-1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of stroke while the utilization of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 and SGLT-2 inhibitors have no effect.
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - May 11, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: David S.H. Bell, Edison Goncalves Tags: Review Source Type: research

Effects of fasting blood glucose levels and blood pressure and treatment of diabetes and hypertension on the incidence of cardiovascular disease: a study of 740 patients with incident Type 2 diabetes with up to 30 years’ follow‐up
ConclusionsThe cumulative incidence of cardiovascular disease and myocardial infarction increased with number of previous events and presence of hyperglycaemia and hypertension and decreased with pharmacological treatment of diabetes. A higher number of previous stroke events increased the cumulative incidence of stroke but no protective effect of pharmacological treatment was observed.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Diabetic Medicine - June 1, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: S.P.O. Jansson, D.K.G. Andersson, K. Svärdsudd Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Association of smoking and concomitant use of metformin with cardiovascular events and mortality in people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
ConclusionsIn type 2 diabetes patients, concurrent treatment with metformin attenuates the observed higher cardiovascular and mortality risk in ex‐ and current smokers. In addition to smoking cessation support, treatment with metformin, particularly in ex‐ and current smokers, should be encouraged.
Source: Journal of Diabetes - April 30, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Sanjoy K. Paul, Kerenaftali Klein, Azeem Majeed, Kamlesh Khunti Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Impact of metformin on cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomised trials among people with type 2 diabetes
Conclusions/interpretationThere remains uncertainty about whether metformin reduces risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with type 2 diabetes, for whom it is the recommended first-line drug. Although this is mainly due to absence of evidence, it is unlikely that a definitive placebo-controlled cardiovascular endpoint trial among people with diabetes will be forthcoming. Alternative approaches to reduce the uncertainty include the use of electronic health records in long-term pragmatic evaluations, inclusion of metformin in factorial trials, publication of cardiovascular outcome data from adverse event reporting in...
Source: Diabetologia - August 2, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular safety of combination therapies with incretin based drugs and metformin compared with a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea in type 2 diabetes mellitus – a retrospective nationwide study
ConclusionIncretin‐based drugs combined with metformin were safe compared with conventional combinations of glucose‐lowering therapy. Use of incretin‐based therapy may be target for strategies to lower cardiovascular risk in type‐2 diabetes, although it should be recognized that the multivariable analysis may not have fully accounted for important baseline differences.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - May 14, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ulrik Madvig Mogensen, Charlotte Andersson, Emil Loldrup Fosbøl, Tina Ken Schramm, Allan Vaag, Nikolai Madrid Scheller, Christian Torp‐Pedersen, Gunnar Gislason, Lars Køber Tags: ORIGINAL PAPER Source Type: research

Cardiovascular safety of combination therapies with incretin‐based drugs and metformin compared with a combination of metformin and sulphonylurea in type 2 diabetes mellitus – a retrospective nationwide study
ConclusionIncretin‐based drugs combined with metformin were safe compared with conventional combinations of glucose‐lowering therapy. Use of incretin‐based therapy may be target for strategies to lower CV risk in type 2 diabetes, although it should be recognized that the multivariable analysis may not have fully accounted for important baseline differences.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - June 9, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: U. M. Mogensen, C. Andersson, E. L. Fosbøl, T. K. Schramm, A. Vaag, N. M. Scheller, C. Torp‐Pedersen, G. Gislason, L. Køber Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research