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Antibiotic-Induced Disruption of Gut Microbiota Alters Local Metabolomes and Immune Responses
In conclusion, our study indicated that 3 weeks antibiotic administration induced elevated expression of many cytokines in mouse colon, suggesting that there might be a direct interaction between antibiotics and host tissue. Furthermore, different antibiotics used can lead to different effects on mouse models. Broad spectrum antibiotic enrofloxacin had a stronger effect on the cytokines response in the colon. Vancomycin can induce significant changes in composition and metabolic profiling of gut microbiota. Compared to enrofloxacin and vancomycin, polymixin B sulfate had a weakest effect. The differences observed in compos...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0318 Ameliorates Impaired Intestinal Immunity and Metabolic Disorders in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice
Conclusion In conclusion, the present study showed that the oral administration of L. plantarum KLDS1.0318 normalized the parameters altered by CTX-induced toxicities, strengthening intestinal health by regulating the Th1/Th2 balance, ameliorating the intestinal morphology and improving profiles of intestinal microbiota and metabolism. Therefore, our findings suggested that the administration of L. plantarum KLDS1.0318 could be of significant advantage in reducing intestinal immunity impairment caused by cyclophosphamide. Ethics Statement This study was carried out according to the Animal Care Review Committee, Northeas...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Local infiltration anaesthesia versus sciatic nerve and adductor canal block for fast-track knee arthroplasty: A randomised controlled clinical trial
BACKGROUND Local infiltration anaesthesia (LIA) was introduced as an innovative analgesic procedure for enhanced recovery after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, LIA has never been compared with analgesia based on an adductor canal catheter and a single-shot sciatic nerve block. OBJECTIVE To evaluate two analgesic regimens for TKA comparing mobility, postoperative pain and patient satisfaction. DESIGN Two-group randomised, controlled clinical trial. SETTING Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Germany between April and August 2017. PATIENTS Adults undergoing primary TKA u...
Source: European Journal of Anaesthesiology - March 4, 2019 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Loco-regional anaesthesia Source Type: research

Individual and Joint Effects of Early-Life Ambient PM2.5 Exposure and Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity on Childhood Overweight or Obesity
Conclusions: In the present study, we observed that early life exposure to PM2.5 may play an important role in the early life origins of COWO and may increase the risk of COWO in children of mothers who were overweight or obese before pregnancy beyond the risk that can be attributed to MPBMI alone. Our findings emphasize the clinical and public health policy relevance of early life PM2.5 exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP261 Received: 29 March 2016 Revised: 08 August 2016 Accepted: 23 August 2016 Published: 14 June 2017 Address correspondence to X. Wang, Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of P...
Source: EHP Research - June 14, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections for adhesive capsulitis more effective than placebo
Commentary on: Prestgaard T, Wormgoor ME, Haugen S, et al.. Ultrasound-guided intra-articular and rotator interval corticosteroid injections in adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a double-blind, sham-controlled randomized study. Pain 2015;156:1683–91. Context Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder or painful stiff shoulder) is relatively common. It is idiopathic: known associated factors include trauma, diabetes, prolonged immobilisation, age, stroke and autoimmune disease. While self-limited, pain and decreased range of motion can last up to 2–3 years. Therefore, there is practical value in therapeutic in...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - March 21, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lebrun, C. M. Tags: Rehabilitation medicine, Immunology (including allergy), Pain (neurology), Stroke, Radiology, Degenerative joint disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes, Osteoarthritis, Sports and exercise medicine, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Screenin Source Type: research

Increased burden of inflammation over time is associated with the extent of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with psoriatic arthritis
Conclusions Exposure to an increased burden of inflammation is associated with more severe atherosclerosis in patients with PsA. This association may be mediated by traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - September 9, 2015 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Eder, L., Thavaneswaran, A., Chandran, V., Cook, R., Gladman, D. D. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Obesity (nutrition), Inflammation, Radiology, Degenerative joint disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics) Clinical and epidemiological research Source Type: research

Carotid ultrasound is useful for the cardiovascular risk stratification of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results of a population-based study
Conclusions Our results support the use of carotid US in the assessment of CV risk in patients with RA.
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - February 27, 2014 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Corrales, A., Gonzalez-Juanatey, C., Peiro, M. E., Blanco, R., Llorca, J., Gonzalez-Gay, M. A. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Radiology, Renal medicine, Connective tissue disease, Degenerative joint disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes, Rheumatoid arthritis, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Epidemiology Clinical and epidemiologi Source Type: research

Cardiovascular risk stratification in rheumatic diseases: carotid ultrasound is more sensitive than Coronary Artery Calcification Score to detect subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Conclusions Carotid ultrasonography is more sensitive than CACS for the detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in RA.
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - October 3, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Corrales, A., Parra, J. A., Gonzalez-Juanatey, C., Rueda-Gotor, J., Blanco, R., Llorca, J., Gonzalez-Gay, M. A. Tags: Editor's choice, Immunology (including allergy), Radiology, Renal medicine, Connective tissue disease, Degenerative joint disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes, Rheumatoid arthritis, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics) Clinical and epidemiol Source Type: research