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Neuropathic Pain, Depression, and Cardiovascular Disease: A National Multicenter Study
Conclusion: In conclusion, these data illustrate important interrelationships between secondary complications following SCI, as well as raise the possibility of neuropathic pain (versus nociceptive pain) as a novel and emerging risk factor for CVD.Neuroepidemiology 2015;44:130-137
Source: Neuroepidemiology - April 15, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

What is the role of lifestyle behaviour change associated with non-communicable disease risk in managing musculoskeletal health conditions with special reference to chronic pain?
DiscussionA state-of-the-art review was conducted to synthesize evidence related to lifestyle factors (not smoking, healthy diet, healthy weight, optimal sleep and manageable stress, as well as physical activity) and musculoskeletal health, with special reference to chronic pain. The findings support that health behaviour change competencies (examination/assessment and intervention/treatment) may warrant being included in first-line management of chronic pain, either independently or in conjunction with conventional physical therapy interventions. To address knowledge gaps in the literature however three lines of clinical ...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - April 13, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Elizabeth DeanAnne Söderlund Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on macro-economic productivity: a systematic review
Abstract Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have large economic impact at multiple levels. To systematically review the literature investigating the economic impact of NCDs [including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on macro-economic productivity. Systematic search, up to November 6th 2014, of medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) without language restrictions. To identify additional publications, we searched the reference lists of retriev...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 3, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Depressive symptoms are associated with incident coronary heart disease or revascularization among Blacks but not among Whites in the Reasons for Geographical and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
To examine the association of depressive symptoms with coronary heart disease (CHD) endpoints by race and income.
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - March 21, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Mario Sims, Nicole Redmond, Yulia Khodneva, Raegan Durant, Jewell Halanych, Monika M. Safford Source Type: research

Multiple biomarker models for improved risk estimation of specific cardiovascular diseases related to metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study
Conclusion: The reduced joint association modeling results suggest that unique combinations of biomarkers with their related measure of association can be used to produce more accurate cumulative risk estimates for each CVD. Additionally, our results indicate that the use of multiple biomarkers in a single multivariate model may provide increased accuracy of individual biomarker association estimates by controlling for statistical artifacts and spurious relationships due to co-biomarker confounding.
Source: Population Health Metrics - March 14, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Evan CoffmanJennifer Richmond-Bryant Source Type: research

Vital signs: disparities in nonsmokers' exposure to secondhand smoke - United States, 1999-2012.
Abstract Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from burning tobacco products causes sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks in infants and children, and coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer in adult nonsmokers. No risk-free level of SHS exposure exists. SHS exposure causes more than 41,000 deaths among nonsmoking adults and 400 deaths in infants each year, and approximately $5.6 billion annually in lost productivity. Although population exposure to SHS has declined over the past 2 decades, many nonsmokers remain exposed to SHS in workplaces, public pl...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 6, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Homa DM, Neff LJ, King BA, Caraballo RS, Bunnell RE, Babb SD, Garrett BE, Sosnoff CS, Wang L Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

The independent effect of central obesity on hypertension in adults living in Ribeirão Preto, SP, 2007. EPIDCV Project
CONCLUSION: The results pointed out the need of planning health promotion and prevention, in order to control hypertension and central obesity aiming to reduce end-point events like coronary heart disease and stroke.
Source: Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia - February 3, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on healthcare spending and national income: a systematic review
Abstract The impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in populations extends beyond ill-health and mortality with large financial consequences. To systematically review and meta-analyze studies evaluating the impact of NCDs (including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease) at the macro-economic level: healthcare spending and national income. Medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) up to November 6th 2014. For further identification of suitable studies, we searched refere...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 18, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on households and impoverishment: a systematic review
Abstract The global economic impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on household expenditures and poverty indicators remains less well understood. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature evaluating the global economic impact of six NCDs [including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on households and impoverishment. Medline, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to November 6th 2014. To identify additional publ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Communicating about family health history: heredity, culture, iatrogenesis and the public good
Family health history is the genetic and ecological contributions and interactions, or what others may refer to as the genomic and bionomic inputs, affecting the life course of family members. The adage to ‘know your family history’ promoted in public health and clinical settings emphasises having awareness of first and second degree relatives’ health status, including causes and outcomes of morbidity and mortality. An overarching aim of promoting awareness of family health history resides in making health a public good accessible to all through informed decisions about resource allocation in personal and...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - December 10, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Parrott, R. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Mortality and morbidity, Genetic screening / counselling, Screening (oncology), Screening (epidemiology), Health economics, Health service research, Screening (public health) Editorials Source Type: research

Explaining the excess mortality in Scotland compared with England: pooling of 18 cohort studies
Conclusions Only a quarter of the excess mortality among Scottish respondents could be explained by the available baseline risk factors. Greater understanding is required on the lived experience of poverty, the role of social support, and the historical, environmental, cultural and political influences on health in Scotland.
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - December 10, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: McCartney, G., Russ, T. C., Walsh, D., Lewsey, J., Smith, M., Smith, G. D., Stamatakis, E., Batty, G. D. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Cohort studies, Mortality and morbidity, Open access, Health service research, Occupational and environmental medicine Mortality and life expectancy Source Type: research

Need for Better Blood Pressure Measurement in Developing Countries to Improve Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease.
Authors: Modesti PA, Perruolo E, Parati G Abstract Hypertension is now the foremost cause of disability and is responsible for the highest percentage of attributable death among risk factors. These global changes are mainly due to the increase in the prevalence of hypertension in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as a consequence of relevant socioeconomic changes occurring during the last decades. Implementation of global prevention efforts urgently needs to be accelerated because of the increasing incidence of haemorrhagic stroke, renal failure, and hypertensive heart disease in developing countries. B...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - November 30, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Impact of cardiovascular risk factors on medical expenditure: evidence from epidemiological studies analysing data on health checkups and medical insurance.
Authors: Nakamura K Abstract Concerns have increasingly been raised about the medical economic burden in Japan, of which approximately 20% is attributable to cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease and stroke. Because the management of risk factors is essential for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, it is important to understand the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and medical expenditure in the Japanese population. However, only a few Japanese epidemiological studies analysing data on health checkups and medical insurance have provided evidence on this topic. Patients with c...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - November 15, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

CDC National Health Report: Leading Causes of Morbidity and Mortality and Associated Behavioral Risk and Protective Factors-United States, 2005-2013.
This report reviews population health in the United States and provides an assessment of recent progress in meeting high-priority health objectives. The health status indicators described in this report were selected because of their direct relation to the leading causes of death and other substantial sources of morbidity and mortality and should be the focus of prevention efforts. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: Data are reported starting in 2005 (or the earliest available year since 2005) through the current data year. Because data sources and specific indicators vary regarding when data are available, the most recent yea...
Source: MMWR Surveill Summ - October 31, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Johnson NB, Hayes LD, Brown K, Hoo EC, Ethier KA Tags: MMWR Surveill Summ Source Type: research

Tea consumption and risk of cardiovascular outcomes and total mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies
Abstract Studies that investigated the association between tea consumption and the risk of major cardiovascular events have reported inconsistent results. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies in order to summarize the evidence regarding the association between tea consumption and major cardiovascular outcomes or total mortality. In July 2014, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library, followed by manual searches of reference lists from the resulting articles to identify other relevant studies. Prospective observational studies that reported effect est...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - October 30, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

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