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Specialty: Cytology
Condition: Liver Disease

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Total 34 results found since Jan 2013.

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) upregulation via the mTORC1-ATF4 pathway activation contributes to palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in hepatocytes
In this study, using AML12 cells, a non-transformed murine hepatocyte cell line, exposed to palmitate (a 16-C saturated fatty acid) as an experimental model, we investigated the role and mechanisms of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), a methyltransferase catalyzing nicotinamide methylation and degradation, in hepatic lipotoxicity. We initially identified activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) as a major transcription factor for hepatic NNMT expression. Here, we demonstrated that palmitate upregulates NNMT expression via activating ATF4 in a mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent mechanism in ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - August 11, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Alexandra Griffiths Jun Wang Qing Song Iredia D Iyamu Lifeng Liu Jooman Park Yuwei Jiang Rong Huang Zhenyuan Song Source Type: research

Lipotoxicity reduces DDX58/Rig-1 expression and activity leading to impaired autophagy and cell death
This study uncovers the unexpected role of immune surveillance protein DDX58/Rig-1 (DExD/H box helicase 58) in activating macroautophagy/autophagy and protecting from lipotoxicity associated with NAFLD. Here we show for the first time that DDX58 protein is significantly reduced in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse model, an aggressive form of NAFLD characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the liver. In addition to decreased expression of DDX58, we found that DDX58 activity can be attenuated by treatments with palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid. To investigate whether PA inhibition of DDX58 is harmful t...
Source: Autophagy - May 10, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Karla K Frietze Alyssa M Brown Dividutta Das Raymond G Franks Jessie Lee Cunningham Michael Hayward Joseph T Nickels Source Type: research

Src-mediated Tyr353 phosphorylation of IP3R1 promotes its stability and causes apoptosis in palmitic acid-treated hepatocytes.
Conclusion: PA promotes the Tyr353 phosphorylation of IP3R1 by activating the src pathway and increasing the protein stability of IP3R1, which consequently results in mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatic cells. Our results also suggested that inhibition of the src/IP3R1 pathway, such as by SU6656, may be a novel potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of NAFLD. PMID: 33358861 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - December 21, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Yu T, Zheng E, Li Y, Li Y, Xia J, Ding Q, Hou Z, Ruan XZ, Zhao L, Chen Y Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

TXNIP/VDUP1 attenuates steatohepatitis via autophagy and fatty acid oxidation.
Abstract Impaired macroautophagy/autophagy has been implicated in experimental and human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the mechanism underlying autophagy dysregulation in NASH is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of TXNIP/VDUP1 (thioredoxin interacting protein), a key mediator of cellular stress responses, in the pathogenesis of NASH. Hepatic TXNIP expression was upregulated in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients and in methionine choline-deficient (MCD) diet-fed mice, as well as in palmitic acid (PA)-treated hepatocytes. Upregulation of hepatic TXNIP was p...
Source: Autophagy - November 16, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Park HS, Song JW, Park JH, Lim BK, Moon OS, Son HY, Lee JH, Gao B, Won YS, Kwon HJ Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation induces the antioxidant protein metallothionein 1 expression in mouse liver.
Abstract Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a metabolic nuclear receptor, which protects liver from many endogenous and exogenous injuries. Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a low-molecular-weight protein family involved in metal homeostasis and the regulation of hepatic oxidative stress. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of FXR on hepatic MT1 expression and the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6 mice or primary cultured mouse hepatocytes were treated with the synthetic FXR ligand GW4064 or natural ligand CDCA. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was performed to identify gene expression profile in the l...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - March 3, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang B, Zhang H, Luan Z, Xu H, Wei Y, Zhao X, Xing M, Huo X, Zhang J, Su W, Guan Y, Zhang X Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Effects of microRNA ‐217 on proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy of hepatocytes in rat models of CCL4‐induced liver injury by targeting NAT2
This study aims to explore the effects of miR ‐217 targeting NAT2 on hepatocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy following carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)‐induced liver injury. Rat models of CCL4‐induced liver injury were established. Healthy Wistar rats were randomized into the normal, blank, negative control (NC), microRNA‐217 (miR ‐217) mimic, miR‐217 inhibitor, small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐N‐acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), and miR‐217 inhibitor + siRNA‐NAT2 groups. NAT2 activity was evaluated with reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic method. Immunohistochemistry was used t...
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - November 11, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Cheng ‐Liang Yang, Xiao‐Li Zheng, Ke Ye, Ya‐Nan Sun, Yu‐Fei Lu, Hong Ge, Hui Liu Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research

Genipin Reverses HFD-Induced Liver Damage and Inhibits UCP2-Mediated Pyroptosis in Mice
Conclusion: GNP reverses HFD-induced liver damage and inhibits UCP2-mediated pyroptosis. Thus, GNP may serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for NAFLD.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;49:1885 –1897
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - September 20, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Oroxylin A inhibits ethanol ‐induced hepatocyte senescence via YAP pathway
ConclusionTherefore, these aggregated data suggested that oroxylin A relieved alcoholic liver injury possibly by inhibiting the senescence of hepatocyte, which was dependent on its activation of YAP in hepatocytes.
Source: Cell Proliferation - January 10, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Huanhuan Jin, Naqi Lian, Mianli Bian, Chenxi Zhang, Xingran Chen, Jiangjuan Shao, Li Wu, Anping Chen, Qinglong Guo, Feng Zhang, Shizhong Zheng Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Apelin protects against liver X receptor-mediated steatosis through AMPK and PPAR α in human and mouse hepatocytes.
Apelin protects against liver X receptor-mediated steatosis through AMPK and PPARα in human and mouse hepatocytes. Cell Signal. 2017 Aug 15;39:84-94 Authors: Huang J, Kang S, Park SJ, Im DS Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most commonly occurring chronic liver disease, and hepatic steatosis, a condition defined as extensive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, is associated with liver dysfunction and metabolic diseases, such as, obesity and type II diabetes. Apelin is an adipokine that acts on a G protein-coupled receptor named APJ, and has been established to play pivotal roles in var...
Source: Cellular Signalling - August 15, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Huang J, Kang S, Park SJ, Im DS Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

Inhibition of hepatitis C virus using siRNA targeted to the virus and Hsp90.
Abstract Hepatitis C (HCV) is a viral disease affecting millions of people worldwide, and persistent HCV infection can lead to progressive liver disease with the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. During treatment for hepatitis C, the occurrence of viral resistance is common. To reduce the occurrence of resistance, new viral treatments should target both viral and cellular factors. Many interactions occur between viral and host proteins during the HCV replication cycle and might be used for the development of new therapies against hepatitis C. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) plays a role in...
Source: Cell Stress and Chaperones - November 16, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Braga AC, Carneiro BM, Batista MN, Akinaga MM, Rahal P Tags: Cell Stress Chaperones Source Type: research

The angiogenic related functions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are promoted by CBDL rat serum via the Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
In conclusion, these findings indicated that the number of MSCs increased in the peripheral blood of CBDL rats, and the Akt/Nrf2 pathway plays a vital role in promoting the angiogenic related functions of BM-MSCs, which could be a potent contributor to pulmonary angiogenesis in HPS. PMID: 27105936 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Cell Research - April 18, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Shen CC, Chen B, Gu JT, Ning JL, Chen L, Zeng J, Yi B, Lu KZ Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Negatively Regulates the Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Toward Myofibroblasts in Liver Fibrogenesis
Conclusions: PPAR#x03B3; negatively regulates the differentiation of BMSCs toward myofibroblasts, which highlights a further mechanism implicated in the BMSC differentiation.Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;37:2085-2100
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - November 24, 2015 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Amelioration of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by hepatic stimulator substance via preservation of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 activity
In conclusion, HSS reduces lipotoxicity to mitochondria most likely via preservation of CPT-1.
Source: AJP: Cell Physiology - August 15, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Xiao, W., Ren, M., Zhang, C., Li, S., An, W. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Amelioration of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Hepatic Stimulator Substance via Preservation of Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase-1 Activity.
In conclusion, HSS reduces lipotoxicity to mitochondria most likely via preservation of CPT-1. PMID: 26108664 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - June 24, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Xiao W, Ren M, Zhang C, Li S, An W Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research