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Clinical Applications of Interleukin-37: A Key Player in the Immunopathogenesis of Immune Disorders.
Abstract Recently, the era of medicine has been encountered with the exponential growth of special seroimmunobiomarkers in clinical trials. Lately, Interleukin-37 (IL-37) has attracted a wide range of basic medical scientists' attention due to its controversial functions in physiologic or pathologic microenvironments. In this research, an updated overview of immunobiological functions and clinical applications of IL-37 in a wide range of diseases, are discussed in order to highlight the role of recent laboratory-based results of IL-37. Data of this systematic review article were collected from initial 237 articles...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - June 22, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Khosh E, Bahmaie N, Elahi R, Esmaeilzadeh A Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Leukocyte Heparanase: A Double-Edged Sword in Tumor Progression
Conclusions This review describes how leukocyte-heparanase can be a double-edged sword in tumor progression; it can enhance tumor immune surveillance and tumor cell clearance, but also promote tumor survival and growth. We also discuss the potential of using heparanase in leukocyte therapies against tumors, and the effects of heparanase inhibitors on tumor progression and immunity. We are just beginning to understand the influence of heparanase on a pro/anti-tumor immune response, and there are still many questions to answer. How do the pro/anti-tumorigenic effects of heparanase differ across different cancer types? Does...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 29, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A Systematic Review on Predisposition to Lymphoid (B and T cell) Neoplasias in Patients With Primary Immunodeficiencies and Immune Dysregulatory Disorders (Inborn Errors of Immunity)
Conclusions Though this is not a comprehensive summary of malignancies in PIDDs, or even lymphoproliferative disease in this area, this review summarizes the Medline-indexed published reports of B and T lymphomas in patients with PIDDs. This report highlights the diversity of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders in setting of PIDDs, and its associated challenges of diagnosis and treatment. The pathological classification and nomenclature for the lymphoid malignancies with variably reported and postulated underlying mechanisms were inconsistent and inadequate for many of these published reports. A wide range of treatmen...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Targeted NGS Platforms for Genetic Screening and Gene Discovery in Primary Immunodeficiencies
Conclusions: NGS technology represents a powerful approach in the complex field of rare disorders but its different application should be weighted. A relatively small NGS target panel can be successfully applied for a robust diagnostic suspicion, while when the spectrum of clinical phenotypes overlaps more than one PID an in-depth NGS analysis is required, including also whole exome/genome sequencing to identify the causative gene. Introduction Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous group of more than 300 monogenic inherited disorders resulting in immune defects that pred...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Advances and highlights in primary immunodeficiencies in 2017
This manuscript reviews selected topics in primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDDs) published in 2017. These include (1) the role of follicular T cells in the differentiation of B  cells and development of optimal antibody responses; (2) impaired nuclear factor κB subunit 1 signaling in the pathogenesis of common variable immunodeficiency, revealing an association between impaired B-cell maturation and development of inflammatory conditions; (3) autoimmune and inflammatory manifestations in patients with PIDDs in T- and B-cell deficiencies, as well as in neutrophil disorders; (4) newly described gene defects causing PI...
Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology - August 28, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Javier Chinen, Morton J. Cowan Tags: Reviews and feature article Source Type: research

A 24-Year Enzyme Replacement Therapy in an Adenosine-deaminase-Deficient Patient
We report a 24-year course of treatment in a patient who was diagnosed with ADA deficiency at 4 months of age. The patient was treated with PEG-ADA, which was the only therapy available for him. The patient’s plasma ADA level was regularly monitored and the PEG-ADA dose adjusted accordingly. This treatment has resulted in near-normalization of lymphocyte counts, and his clinical course has been associated with only minor to moderate infections. Thus far, he has had no manifestations of autoimmune or lymphoproliferative disorders. This patient is among the longest to be maintained on PEG-ADA enzyme replacement therapy.
Source: PEDIATRICS - January 4, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Tartibi, H. M., Hershfield, M. S., Bahna, S. L. Tags: Allergy/Immunology, Immunologic Disorders Case Report Source Type: research

Disease-regulated local IL-10 gene therapy diminishes synovitis and cartilage proteoglycan depletion in experimental arthritis
Conclusions Our study shows that promoters of genes that are expressed locally during arthritis can be candidates for disease-regulated overexpression of biologics into arthritic joints, as shown for IL-10 in SCW arthritis. The disease-inducible approach might be promising for future tailor-made local gene therapy in arthritis.
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - October 9, 2015 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Vermeij, E. A., Broeren, M. G. A., Bennink, M. B., Arntz, O. J., Gjertsson, I., L E M van Lent, P., van den Berg, W. B., Koenders, M. I., van de Loo, F. A. J. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Biological agents, Connective tissue disease, Degenerative joint disease, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Musculoskeletal syndromes, Rheumatoid arthritis Basic and translational research Source Type: research

In Vitro Generation of IL-35-expressing Human Wharton's Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Lentiviral Vector.
Abstract Human Wharton's Jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hWJ-MSCs) are easily available cells without transplant rejection problems or ethical concerns compared to bone-marrow-derived MSCs for prospective clinical applications. These cells display immunosuppressive properties and may be able to play an important role in autoimmune disorders. Regulatory T-cells (Treg) are important to prevent autoimmune disease development. Interleukin 35 (IL-35) induces the proliferation of Treg cell populations and reduces the activity of T helper 17 (Th17) and T helper 1 (Th1) cells, which play a central role in initiation...
Source: Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - August 1, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Amari A, Ebtekar M, Moazzeni S, Soleimani M, Mohammadi-Amirabad L, Tahoori M, Massumi M Tags: Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol Source Type: research

Gene Therapy for Autoimmune Disease
Discussion on the advantages and pitfalls of gene therapy strategies employed is provided. The intent of this review is to inspire further studies toward the development of new strategies for successful treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Source: Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology - October 3, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research