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Achalasia is Strongly Associated with Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Other Allergic Disorders
Achalasia has been assumed to be an autoimmune disease targeting esophageal myenteric neurons. Recently, we proposed an alternative hypothesis that achalasia sometimes might be allergy-driven, caused by a form of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) in which activated eosinophils and/or mast cells infiltrating esophageal muscle release products that disrupt motility and damage myenteric neurons. To seek epidemiological support for this hypothesis, we identified achalasia patients in the Utah Population Database, and explored their frequency of having EoE and other allergic disorders.
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - June 28, 2023 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Chanakyaram A. Reddy, Kristina Allen-Brady, Amiko M. Uchida, Kathryn A. Peterson, Alessandrina M. Hoffman, Rhonda F. Souza, Stuart J. Spechler Source Type: research

Autoimmune and Allergic Disorders are More Common in People With Celiac Disease or on a Gluten-free Diet in the United States
Conclusions: Our study confirms that CD and PWAG share comorbidities of autoimmune nature. PWAG had more autoimmune/allergy-related disorders that may be associated with non-celiac gluten sensitivity a self-justifiable reason to be on the diet.
Source: Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology - October 9, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: ONLINE ARTICLES: Original Articles Source Type: research

Patients with small-vessel vasculitides have the highest mortality among systemic autoimmune diseases patients treated in intensive care unit: A retrospective study with 5-year follow-up
ConclusionsAmong systemic autoimmune diseases small vessel vasculitides appear to be associated with the highest ICU mortality, higher requirement for advanced procedures and aggressive immunosuppressive therapy.
Source: Journal of Critical Care - August 28, 2018 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Extra-intestinal manifestations of non-celiac gluten sensitivity: An expanding paradigm.
In conclusion, the novelty of this matter has generated an expansion of literature data with the unavoidable consequence that some reports are often based on low levels of evidence. Therefore, only studies performed on large samples with the inclusion of control groups will be able to clearly establish whether the large information from the literature regarding extra-intestinal NCGS manifestations could be supported by evidence-based agreements. PMID: 29662290 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - April 14, 2018 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Losurdo G, Principi M, Iannone A, Amoruso A, Ierardi E, Di Leo A, Barone M Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

The emerging role of mast cells in liver disease
The depth of our knowledge regarding mast cells has widened exponentially in the last 20 years. Once thought to be only important for allergy-mediated events, mast cells are now recognized to be important regulators of a number of pathological processes. The revelation that mast cells can influence organs, tissues, and cells has increased interest in mast cell research during liver disease. The purpose of this review is to refresh the reader’s knowledge of the development, type, and location of mast cells and to review recent work that demonstrates the role of hepatic mast cells during diseased states. This review fo...
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - August 1, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jarido, V., Kennedy, L., Hargrove, L., Demieville, J., Thomson, J., Stephenson, K., Francis, H. Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research

The emerging role of mast cells in liver disease.
Abstract The depth of our knowledge regarding mast cells has widened exponentially in the last 20 years. Once thought to be only important for allergy-mediated events, mast cells are now recognized to be important regulators of a number of pathological diseases. The revelation that mast cells can influence organs, tissues, and cells has increased interest in mast cell research during liver disease. The purpose of this review is to refresh the reader on the development, type, and location of mast cells and to review recent work that demonstrates the role of hepatic mast cells during diseased states. This review wil...
Source: Am J Physiol Gastroi... - May 4, 2017 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jarido V, Kennedy L, Hargrove L, Demieville J, Thomson J, Stephenson K, Francis H Tags: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol Source Type: research

Intestinal cell damage and systemic immune activation in individuals reporting sensitivity to wheat in the absence of coeliac disease
Conclusions These findings reveal a state of systemic immune activation in conjunction with a compromised intestinal epithelium affecting a subset of individuals who experience sensitivity to wheat in the absence of coeliac disease.
Source: Gut - November 8, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Uhde, M., Ajamian, M., Caio, G., De Giorgio, R., Indart, A., Green, P. H., Verna, E. C., Volta, U., Alaedini, A. Tags: Open access, Coeliac disease Small bowel Source Type: research

Op-16 dietary intervention using the low fodmap diet versus the “milk, egg, wheat and soya free” diet for treatment of functional gut disorders a single centre experience
Conclusions: This review suggests that although there were larger referral rates for the MEWS diet both the MEWS and low FODMAP diet appear to beequally effective dietary approaches for treating patients with functional gut disorders and/or food allergy. (C) 2015 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,
Source: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - September 30, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Meeting Abstracts Source Type: research

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: Time for sifting the grain.
Abstract In the last few years, a new nomenclature has been proposed for the disease induced by the ingestion of gluten, a protein present in wheat, rice, barley and oats. Besides celiac disease and wheat allergy, the most studied forms of gluten-related disorders characterized by an evident immune mechanism (autoimmune in celiac disease and IgE-mediated in wheat allergy), a new entity has been included, apparently not driven by an aberrant immune response: the non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). NCGS is characterized by a heterogeneous clinical picture with intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms arising after ...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - July 21, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Elli L, Roncoroni L, Bardella MT Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Issue Highlights
Over the last decade, gluten-related disorders have expanded beyond celiac disease and wheat allergy, to now include “nonceliac gluten sensitivity” (NCGS), a term used to describe the occurrence of intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms related to gluten ingestion without an autoimmune or allergic basis. The diagnosis of NCGS currently requires the exclusion of celiac disease and wheat allergy, as well symptom improvement under a gluten free diet, with some experts also recommending a gluten challenge.
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology - July 16, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Marcelo F. Vela Tags: Issue Highlights Source Type: research

Evolution of nonspecific duodenal lymphocytosis over 2 years of follow-up.
CONCLUSION: DL may have a multifactorial origin but the IELs infiltrate and HLA are strong predictive factors for CD development and a clinical diagnosis of GS. PMID: 26140001 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - June 28, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Losurdo G, Piscitelli D, Giangaspero A, Principi M, Buffelli F, Giorgio F, Montenegro L, Sorrentino C, Amoruso A, Ierardi E, Di Leo A Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Regulatory T-cell directed therapies in liver diseases
Immunological self-tolerance is maintained in two stages; central and peripheral tolerance. The thymus orchestrates self-tolerance by negative selection (clonal deletion) of self-reactive T cells and by producing CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are essential for the maintenance of peripheral self-tolerance and immune homeostasis in various tissues including the liver . Depletion of Tregs in rodents result in spontaneous development of a variety of organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases and reconstitution of Tregs prevents disease development . Tregs constitutively express the transcription fac...
Source: Journal of Hepatology - May 30, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ye Htun Oo, Shimon Sakaguchi Tags: Clinical Application of Basic Science Source Type: research