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Total 234 results found since Jan 2013.

Barriers leading to increased disability in neurologically challenged populations during COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review
CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 pandemic has given rise to barriers that affect almost every aspect of healthcare and rehabilitation in neurologically challenged populations prompting an increase in their disability level. This can assist policymakers in designing mitigation strategies to minimize the detrimental effects on this vulnerable population.Implications for rehabilitationPandemic has led to the worsening of existing motor and non-motor symptoms, which need to be monitored, assessed and managed medically, and through rehabilitation in neurologically challenged populations.Notable decline of cognition and physical activity i...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - October 20, 2021 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Jennifer D'souza Arunima Biswas Pooja Gada Jaydip Mangroliya Manikandan Natarajan Source Type: research

What are Some Risk Factors for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Outcomes?
Discussion “Neonatal encephalopathy, manifesting as altered responsiveness, seizures, apnea and abnormal muscle tone and reflexes, resulting from hypoxic-ischemic injury is termed hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).” Neonatal encephalopathy can be associated with other problems including stroke, hemorrhage, infection, pre-term brain injury and hypoglycemia as some examples. Sometimes more than one of these entities occurs simultaneously such as hypoglycemia and HIE. HIE can result in long-term neurological problems including motor, behavioral, and cognitive problems that can become apparent even years later....
Source: PediatricEducation.org - December 13, 2021 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2022 Jan 5;35(1):e0033820. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00338-20. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe human body is full of an extensive number of commensal microbes, consisting of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the human microbiome. The initial acquisition of microbiota occurs from both the external and maternal environments, and the vast majority of them colonize the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These microbial communities play a central role in the maturation and development of the immune system, the central nervous system, and the GIT system and are also responsible for essential metabolic pat...
Source: Clinical Microbiology Reviews - January 5, 2022 Category: Microbiology Authors: Shokufeh Ghasemian Sorboni Hanieh Shakeri Moghaddam Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani Saman Soleimanpour Source Type: research

Prevalent Multimorbidity Combinations Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults Seen in Community Health Centers
ConclusionsCHCs are increasingly seeing more complex multimorbidity patterns over time; these most often involve mental health morbidity and advanced cardiometabolic-renal morbidity.
Source: Journal of General Internal Medicine - January 28, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Ying Yang 1 engagement in brain pathology
AbstractHerein, we discuss data concerning the involvement of transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in the development of brain diseases, highlighting mechanisms of its pathological actions. YY1 plays an important role in the developmental and adult pathology of the nervous system. YY1 is essential for neurulation as well as maintenance and differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes regulating both neural and glial tissues of the brain. Lack of a YY1 gene causes many developmental abnormalities and anatomical malformations of the central nervous system (CNS). Once dysregulated, YY1 exerts multiple ne...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - February 24, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sylwia Pabian ‐Jewuła, Aneta Bragiel‐Pieczonka, Marcin Rylski Tags: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Source Type: research

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Neurological Patient: Scientific Principles and Applications
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1742265Non-invasive brain stimulation has been increasingly recognized for its potential as an investigational, diagnostic and therapeutic tool across the clinical neurosciences. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method of focal neuromodulation. Diagnostically, TMS can be used to probe cortical excitability and plasticity, as well as for functional mapping. Therapeutically, depending on the pattern employed, TMS can either facilitate or inhibit stimulated cortex potentially modulating maladaptive physiology through its effects on neuroplasticity. Despite this potenti...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - February 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Eldaief, Mark C. Dickerson, Bradford C. Camprodon, Joan A. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein is a body fluid biomarker: A valuable prognostic for neurological disease - A systematic review
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Mar 4;107:108624. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108624. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAstrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the human central nervous system, and they play an important role in the regulation of neuronal physiology. In neurological disorders, astrocyte disintegration leads to the release of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) from tissue into the bloodstream. Elevated serum levels of GFAP can serve as blood biomarkers, and a useful prognostic tool to facilitate the early diagnosis of several neurological diseases ranging from stroke to neurodegenerative disorders. This syst...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - March 7, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Luana Heimfarth Fabiolla Rocha Santos Passos Brenda Souza Monteiro Adriano Antunes de Souza Ara újo Lucindo Jos é Quintans Júnior Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans Source Type: research

Neuropathology of Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Forensic Setting: Novel Application of Ex Vivo Imaging in Analysis of Brain Microvasculature
We report 8 such cases (4 infants aged 7–36 weeks, 4 children aged 5–15 years). Four underwent ex vivo magnetic resonance neuroimaging, to assist in identification of subtle lesions related to vascular compromise. All infants were found unresponsive (3 in unsafe sleeping conditions); all but 1 had recent rhinitis and/or influenza-like illness (ILI) in the family; 1 had history of sickle cell disease. Ex vivo neuroimaging in 1 case revealed white matter (WM) signal hyperintensity and diffuse exaggeration of perivascular spaces, corresponding microscopically to WM mineralization. Neurohistology in the remaining 3 infants...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 24, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

How are adults with capacity-affecting conditions and associated communication difficulties included in ethically sound research? A documentary-based survey of ethical review and recruitment processes under the research provisions of the Mental Capacity Act (2005) for England and Wales
Conclusions People with capacity-affecting conditions and associated communication difficulties continue to be excluded from research, with recruitment efforts largely concentrated around participant-facing documentation. There is a need for a more nuanced approach if such individuals are to be included in ethically sound research.
Source: BMJ Open - March 31, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Bunning, K., Jimoh, O. F., Heywood, R., Killett, A., Ryan, H., Shiggins, C., Langdon, P. E. Tags: Open access, Ethics Source Type: research

Haploinsufficiency of PRRT2 Leading to Familial Hemiplegic Migraine in Chromosome 16p11.2 Deletion Syndrome
This report highlights the importance of counseling patient families regarding acute paroxysmal presentations in this syndrome. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, GermanyArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text
Source: Neuropediatrics - July 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Sen, Kuntal Genser, Ilyse DiFazio, Marc DiSabella, Marc Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Scientists develop blueprint for turning stem cells into sensory interneurons
Key takeaways:Just like the real thing.The stem cell –derived interneurons, which play a role in sensations like touch and pain, are indistinguishable from their real-life counterparts in the body.Tomorrow ’s therapies. In addition to potential treatments for injury-related sensation loss, the discovery could lead to new methods for screening drugs for chronic pain.Moving forward. While stem cells from mice were used in the research, scientists are now working to replicate the findings with human cells.Researchers at the  Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA have develop...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 19, 2022 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news