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Specialty: Neurology
Cancer: Brain Cancers

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Total 371 results found since Jan 2013.

Quantitative imaging assessment of blood-brain barrier permeability in humans
We present preliminary results and show an example which compares these new methods with the existing standard assessment method. We strongly believe that the establishment of such “easy to use” and reliable imaging methods is essential before BBB assessment can become a routine clinical tool. Large clinical trials are awaited to fully understand the significance of BBB permeability as a biomarker and target for treatment in neurological disorders.
Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research - February 7, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Yoash ChassidimRonel VekslerSvetlana LublinskyGaby PellAlon FriedmanIlan Shelef Source Type: research

Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Associated Factor 5 is an Essential Mediator of Ischemic Brain Infarction
ConclusionsTRAF5 KO mice exhibited minor infarctions, low levels of neuronal apoptosis, an attenuated BBB disruption and an inhibited inflammatory response following cerebral I/R injury. These data demonstrate that TRAF5 is a critical mediator of I/R injury in an experimental stroke model. The Akt /FoxO1 signaling pathway probably plays an important role in the biological function of TRAF5 in this model.© 2013 International Society for Neurochemistry, J. Neurochem. (2013) 10.1111/jnc.12207
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - February 16, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Lang Wang, Yanyun Lu, Hongjing Guan, Dingsheng Jiang, Yu Guan, Xin Zhang, Hiroyasu Nakano, Yan Zhou, Yan Zhang, Li Yang, Hongliang Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The Current Role and Utility of Diagnostic Catheter Cerebral Angiography (P02.021)
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increased use and availability of noninvasive brain vascular imaging, DSA continues to be used in a variety of indications and appears to yield additional meaningful information despite prior imaging about 30-40% of the time on average. Particularly in those conditions where more precise spatial and temporal resolution would be of theoretical benefit, we did observe a higher percentage of new findings.Disclosure: Dr. Sawiris has nothing to disclose. Dr. Venizelos has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ouyang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - February 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Sawiris, N., Venizelos, A., Ouyang, B., Chen, M. Tags: P02 Cerebrovascular Disease II Source Type: research

Tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor 5 is an essential mediator of ischemic brain infarction
This study was conducted to investigate the role of TRAF5 in the context of brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery was performed on TRAF5 knockout mice (KO), neuron‐specific TRAF5 transgene (TG), and the appropriate controls. Compared with the WT mice, the TRAF5 KO mice showed lower infarct volumes and better outcomes in the neurological tests. A low neuronal apoptosis level, an attenuated blood‐brain barrier (BBB) disruption and an inhibited inflammatory response were exhibited in TRAF5 KO mice. TRAF5 TG mice exhibited an opposite phenotype. Moreover, the Akt/FoxO1 s...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - March 18, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Lang Wang, Yanyun Lu, Hongjing Guan, Dingsheng Jiang, Yu Guan, Xin Zhang, Hiroyasu Nakano, Yan Zhou, Yan Zhang, Li Yang, Hongliang Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Acute and subacute IL-1beta administrations differentially modulate neuroimmune and neurotrophic systems: possible implications for neuroprotection and neurodegeneration
Conclusion: These results indicate that acute and subacute IL-1 administrations induce different changes toward neuroprotection after acute IL-1 administrations but neurodegeneration after subacute ones.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - May 7, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Cai SongYe ZhangYilong Dong Source Type: research

N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide level determined at different times identifies transient ischaemic attack patients with atrial fibrillation
ConclusionHigh levels of NT‐proBNP determined during the first 3 months after a TIA were associated with AF. Consequently, this biomarker may be useful to reclassify undetermined TIA patients as having disease of CE.
Source: European Journal of Neurology - June 29, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: F. Purroy, I. Suárez‐Luis, G. Mauri‐Capdevila, S. Cambray, J. Farré, J. Sanahuja, G. Piñol‐Ripoll, A. Quílez, C. González‐Mingot, R. Begué, M. I. Gil, E. Fernández, I. Benabdelhak Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Levosimendan limits reperfusion injury in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model
Conclusions: Levosimendan demonstrated significant neuroprotective properties in a rat model of transient brain ischemia by reducing reperfusion injury.
Source: BMC Neurology - August 12, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Marc HeinNorbert ZorembaChistian BleilevensChristian BruellsRolf RossaintAnna Roehl Source Type: research

Tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonism improves neurological recovery in murine intracerebral hemorrhage
Conclusions: Post-injury treatment with the TNF-alpha antibody CNTO5048 results in less neuroinflammation and improved functional outcomes in a murine model of ICH.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - August 20, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Beilei LeiHana DawsonBriana Roulhac-WilsonHaichen WangDaniel LaskowitzMichael James Source Type: research

The growth factor progranulin attenuates neuronal injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion through the suppression of neutrophil recruitment
Conclusions: PGRN exerted ameliorative effects against I/R-induced inflammation, and these effects may be due to the inhibition of neutrophil recruitment into the I/R brain.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - August 23, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Yusuke EgashiraYukiya SuzukiYukio AzumaToshinori TakagiKeisuke MishiroSou SugitaniKazuhiro TsurumaMasamitsu ShimazawaShinichi YoshimuraMasanori KashimataToru IwamaHideaki Hara Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Methotrexate neurotoxicity: Resolution and evolution of MRI changes within 48 hours
A 13-year-old girl presented with acute-onset right hemiparesis involving the face, arm, and leg equally. She was receiving weekly intrathecal methotrexate (last dose 6 days prior) for recently diagnosed acute lymphocytic leukemia. Brain MRI (figure 1) showed diffusion restriction in the left centrum semiovale with reduced apparent diffusion coefficient. Her hemiparesis resolved within 24 hours but 2 hours later, she developed 12-hour left hemiparesis involving face, upper limb, and dysarthria. Follow-up neurologic examination was normal. Repeat MRI (figure 2) 44 hours after the original MRI showed acute right centrum semi...
Source: Neurology - September 2, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kanaan, S., Poddar, K., Ng, Y.-T. Tags: Childhood stroke, MRI, DWI, Chemotherapy-tumor, All Pediatric RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Nuclear trafficking of PTEN after brain injury leads to neuron survival not death.
Abstract There is controversy whether accumulation of the tumor suppressor PTEN protein in the cell nucleus under stress conditions such as trauma and stroke causes cell death. A number of in vitro studies have reported enhanced apoptosis in neurons possessing nuclear PTEN, with the interpretation that its nuclear phosphatase activity leads to reduction of the survival protein phospho-Akt. However, there have been no in vivo studies to show that nuclear PTEN in neurons under stress is detrimental. Using a mouse model of injury, we demonstrate here that brain trauma altered the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of PT...
Source: Experimental Neurology - November 22, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Goh CP, Putz U, Howitt J, Low LH, Gunnersen J, Bye N, Morganti-Kossmann C, Tan SS Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Adoptive Regulatory T-Cell Therapy Preserves Systemic Immune Homeostasis After Cerebral Ischemia Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Treg treatment did not exacerbate poststroke immunosuppression. On the contrary, Treg-treated animals displayed improved immune status after focal cerebral ischemia.
Source: Stroke - November 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Li, P., Mao, L., Zhou, G., Leak, R. K., Sun, B.-L., Chen, J., Hu, X. Tags: Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Isolated Shoulder Palsy due to Cortical Infarction: A Case Report and Literature Review of Clinicoradiological Correlations
We report an 80-year-old woman with isolated shoulder palsy because of cortical ischemic infarction in the base of the left precentral gyrus as confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging. In our patient, cardiogenic embolism or Trousseau syndrome associated with lung cancer was considered the cause of ischemic infarction. Physicians should consider small cortical infarction, when a patient complains of sudden onset of shoulder weakness without pain. In line with the previous reports, a responsible cortical lesion in our patient corresponded to motor shoulder area in the motor homunculus reported to be located more media...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 4, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Akiko Kawasaki, Keisuke Suzuki, Hidehiro Takekawa, Norito Kokubun, Masanari Yamamoto, Yohei Asakawa, Madoka Okamura, Koichi Hirata Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Deferoxamine Attenuates White Matter Injury in a Piglet Intracerebral Hemorrhage Model Brief Reports
Conclusions— Deferoxamine reduces white matter edema, tumor necrosis factor α, and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 levels after ICH in piglets, suggesting deferoxamine is a potential effective therapeutic agent for patients with ICH.
Source: Stroke - December 23, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Xie, Q., Gu, Y., Hua, Y., Liu, W., Keep, R. F., Xi, G. Tags: Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Brief Reports Source Type: research

Cerebral microbleeding in varicella-zoster viral meningitis: An early sign of vasculopathy?
A 75-year-old man undergoing chemotherapy for prostate cancer for 3 months presented with headache after having blisters in his left ear canal and auricle. His body temperature at presentation was 38°C. Neurologic examination revealed nuchal stiffness and left peripheral facial palsy. We also noted leukocytopenia (2,000/µL) and elevated serum C-reactive protein (8.51 mg/dL). CSF analysis showed no erythrocytes, elevated leukocytes (640/µL; 3% monocytes, 97% neutrophils), an increased protein level (473 mg/dL), and slightly decreased glucose level (51 mg/dL, serum glucose 120 mg/dL). Brain MRI and magnetic r...
Source: Neurology - March 3, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Ohtomo, R., Shirota, Y., Iwata, A., Shimizu, J., Tsuji, S. Tags: MRI, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Vasculitis, Viral infections CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Source Type: research