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Condition: Stroke
Cancer: Brain Cancers
Therapy: Stem Cell Therapy

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Total 83 results found since Jan 2013.

Emerging potential of exosomes and noncoding microRNAs for the treatment of neurological injury/diseases.
Authors: Chopp M, Zhang ZG Abstract Recent discoveries of cellular generation of exosomes, small (∼ 30 - 100 nm) complex lipid membrane structures which encapsulate and transport proteins, RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) have provided new insight in how cells within organisms communicate. These discoveries will likely have a major impact on the treatment of disease, with cancers and neurological diseases as evident targets. Exosomes provide a major medium of intercellular communications and thereby, there being a potential by altering communications and instructions for protein production, we can employ exosom...
Source: Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs - February 17, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Emerg Drugs Source Type: research

Minocycline mitigates the gliogenic effects of proinflammatory cytokines on neural stem cells
Mobilizing endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult brain is designed to enhance the brain's regenerative capacity after cerebral lesions, e.g., as a result of stroke. Cerebral ischemia elicits neuroinflammatory processes affecting NSCs in multiple ways, the precise mechanisms of which currently remain elusive. An inhibitory effect of minocycline on microglia activation, a hallmark of postischemic neuroinflammation, has already been demonstrated in clinical trials, showing minocycline to be safe and potentially effective in ischemic stroke. Here we investigate the direct effects of minocycline and of proinflammator...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - November 3, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sabine Ulrike Vay, Stefan Blaschke, Rebecca Klein, Gereon Rudolf Fink, Michael Schroeter, Maria Adele Rueger Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The Man Who Grew Eyes
The train line from mainland Kobe is a marvel of urban transportation. Opened in 1981, Japan’s first driverless, fully automated train pulls out of Sannomiya station, guided smoothly along elevated tracks that stand precariously over the bustling city streets below, across the bay to the Port Island. The island, and much of the city, was razed to the ground in the Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995 – which killed more than 5,000 people and destroyed more than 100,000 of Kobe’s buildings – and built anew in subsequent years. As the train proceeds, the landscape fills with skyscrapers. The Rokkō mounta...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - October 11, 2015 Category: Science Source Type: news

Transplantation of unique subpopulation of fibroblasts, Muse cells, ameliorates experimental stroke possibly via robust neuronal differentiation
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Stem Cells - September 21, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Hiroki Uchida, Takahiro Morita, Kuniyasu Niizuma, Yoshihiro Kushida, Yasumasa Kuroda, Shohei Wakao, Hiroyuki Sakata, Yoshiya Matsuzaka, Hajime Mushiake, Teiji Tominaga, Cesario V. Borlongan, Mari Dezawa Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research

Intravenous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Grafts Preferentially Migrate to Spleen and Abrogate Chronic Inflammation in Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions— hBMSC transplantation is therapeutic in chronic stroke possibly by abrogating the inflammation-plagued secondary cell death.
Source: Stroke - August 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Acosta, S. A., Tajiri, N., Hoover, J., Kaneko, Y., Borlongan, C. V. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Pathology of Stroke, Other Stroke Treatment - Surgical Basic Sciences Source Type: research

E-011 the key role of the blood-brain barrier in the endovascular treatment of brain tumors and how to by-pass it: new methods
ConclusionIA chemotherapy has been reported to be a promising new therapy; clinical studies are necessary to correlate this technique to the new ways of altering the BBB. Furthermore, these new methods could also be used in future scenarios before infusion of stem cells after stroke or brain trauma.DisclosuresS. Peschillo: 2; C; Penumbra. F. Diana: None.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 26, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Peschillo, S., Diana, F. Tags: SNIS 12th Annual Meeting Electronic Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

The Endocrine Dyscrasia that Accompanies Menopause and Andropause Induces Aberrant Cell Cycle Signaling that Triggers Re-entry of Post-mitotic Neurons into the Cell Cycle, Neurodysfunction, Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Disease.
Abstract Sex hormones are physiological factors that promote neurogenesis during embryonic and fetal development. During childhood and adulthood these hormones support the maintenance of brain structure and function via neurogenesis and the formation of dendritic spines, axons and synapses required for the capture, processing and retrieval of information (memories). Not surprisingly, changes in these reproductive hormones with menopause and during andropause are strongly correlated with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. In this connection, much evidence now indicates that Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves a...
Source: Hormones and Behavior - July 16, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Atwood CS, Bowen RL Tags: Horm Behav Source Type: research

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of MR Imaging Findings in Patients with Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke Implanted with Mesenchymal Stem Cells BRAIN
CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative changes consistent with stereotactic implantation were seen, but no teratoma, tumor, or heterotopia was identified. Initial findings suggest a trend toward less volume loss after mesenchymal stem cell implantation compared with that in age- and sex-matched controls with chronic, stable MCA infarcts, with a significantly greater growth-to-loss ratio in the infarcted tissue.
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - June 11, 2015 Category: Radiology Authors: Wanamaker, C. P., Fakhran, S., Alhilali, L. M. Tags: BRAIN Source Type: research

Traumatic Brain Injuries, Stem Cells and Children: A Conversation With Dr. Charles Cox
One of the world's leading experts on cellular therapies for traumatic brain injury (TBI), Dr. Cox directs the Pediatric Surgical Translational Laboratories and Pediatric Program in Regenerative Medicine at the University of Texas Medical School at Houston, as well as the Pediatric Trauma Program at the University of Texas-Houston/Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital in the Texas Medical Center. He is the author of over 120 scientific publications and 20 book chapters and has served on scientific study sections/review groups for the NIH, American Heart Association, Veterans Affairs MERIT Awards, Department of Defense and C...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 13, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Comparison between xenogeneic and allogeneic adipose mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of acute cerebral infarct: proof of concept in rats
Conclusions: hAD-MSCs and rAD-MSCs were safe and without side effects or tumor formation. Both treatment groups showed equal efficacy in terms of functional recovery and decreased ischemic brain damage (cell death and glial scarring) and resulted in higher angiogenesis and synaptogenesis marker levels.
Source: Journal of Translational Medicine - February 1, 2015 Category: Research Authors: María Gutiérrez-FernándezBerta Rodríguez-FrutosJaime Ramos-CejudoLaura Otero-OrtegaBlanca FuentesMaría Vallejo-CremadesBorja Sanz-CuestaExuperio Díez-Tejedor Source Type: research

Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Protect Against Scopolamine-Induced Alzheimer-Like Pathological Aberrations
Abstract Vascular endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Patients with AD have displayed decreased circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) which repair and maintain the endothelial function. Transplantation of EPCs has emerged as a promising approach for the management of cerebrovascular diseases including ischemic stroke, however, its impact on AD has been poorly described. Thus, the current study aimed at investigating the effects of bone marrow-derived (BM) EPCs transplantation in repeated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment, an experimental mode...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Human neural stem cells rapidly ameliorate symptomatic inflammation in early-stage ischemic-reperfusion cerebral injury
Conclusions: While long-term effects of engrafted hNSCs on the amelioration of ischemic stroke-induced behavioral dysfunction in a rodent model have been reported, our study is the first to show rapid, beneficial impacts on behavioral function (within 24 hours) upon early delivery of hNSCs into the hippocampus.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - November 23, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lei HuangSunnie WongEvan Y SnyderMilton H HamblinJean-Pyo Lee Source Type: research

Study finds long-term survival of human neural stem cells transplanted into primate brain
(Cell Transplantation Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair) Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) labeled with magnetic nanoparticles were followed by MRI after transplantation into the brains of primates. The study evaluated the long-term survival and differentiation of hNSCs. The hNSCs differentiated into neurons at 24 months and did not cause tumors. Researchers concluded that hNSCs could be of great value as a source for cell replacement and gene transfer for treating Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ALS, spinal cord injury and stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - April 23, 2014 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Transplantation of human dental pulp-derived stem cells protects against heat stroke in mice.
In conclusion, post-WBH treatment with SHED reduced induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative radicals, enhanced plasma induction of both adrenocorticotrophic hormone and corticosterone, and improved lethality in mice heat stroke. The protective effect of SHED may be related to a decreased inflammatory response, a decreased oxidative stress, and an increased hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenocortical axis activity following the WBH injury. PMID: 24612725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - March 7, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Tseng LS, Chen SH, Lin MT, Lin YC Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research