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Specialty: Cancer & Oncology
Cancer: Bone Cancers

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Total 114 results found since Jan 2013.

MicroRNA-26b inhibits metastasis of osteosarcoma via targeting CTGF and Smad1
In this study, we demonstrated downregulation of miR-26b in osteosarcoma tissues, negatively correlated with the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and Smad1. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the interaction of miR-26b with the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of CTGF and Smad1. Transfection of miR-26b in osteosarcoma cells suppressed the expression of CTGF and Smad1, suggesting CTGF and Smad1 as direct targets of miR-26b. Overexpression of miR-26b inhibited the migration of osteosarcoma cells, which was reversed by overexpression of CTGF or Smad1. Knockdown of CTGF by small interfering RNA (siRNA) int...
Source: Tumor Biology - March 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

DEC2 expression is positively correlated with HIF-1 activation and the invasiveness of human osteosarcomas
Conclusion: Taken together, whereas DEC2 was found to promote HIF-1α degradation in other types of tumors, our data indicate that DEC2 facilitates HIF-1α stabilization and promotes HIF-1 activation in osteosarcoma. This implies that DEC2 may contribute to the progression and metastasis of human osteosarcoma by sensitizing tumor cells to hypoxia. On the other hand, HIF-1 activation may contribute to the expression of DEC2 in osteosarcoma. This is the first demonstration of a novel DEC2-HIF-1 vicious cycle in osteosarcoma and a tumor-type specific role for DEC2.
Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research - February 28, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tu HuNengbin HeYunsong YangChengqian YinNianli SangQingcheng Yang Source Type: research

TRAF4 Enhances Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Akt Signaling Pathway.
This study aimed to explore the expression of TRAF4 in osteosarcoma tissues and cells, the correlation of TRAF4 to clinical pathology of osteosarcoma, as well as the role and mechanism of TRAF4 in osteosarcoma metastasis. The protein expression levels of TRAF4 in osteosarcoma tissues and three osteosarcoma cell lines, MG-63, HOS, and U2OS, were assessed. Constructed TRAF4 overexpression vectors and established TRAF4 overexpression of the U2OS cell line. Cell proliferation, cell invasion, protein levels, and TRAF4 phosphorylations were assessed following TRAF4 transfection, as well as the effects of TRAF4 siRNA on cell prol...
Source: Oncology Research - February 26, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Res Source Type: research

Ubiquilin 2 enhances osteosarcoma progression through resistance to hypoxic stress.
Authors: Tsukamoto S, Shimada K, Honoki K, Kido A, Akahane M, Tanaka Y, Konishi N Abstract Ubiquilin 2 (UBQLN2), a member of the ubiquitin-like protein family (ubiquilins), maintains protein homeostasis. Although UBQLN2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, it is also associated with mali-gnant tumors. Therefore, we examined whether UBQLN2 plays a role in human osteosarcoma. The human osteosarcoma cell line MG63 was transfected with UBQLN2 siRNA and cultured under hypoxic conditions. The rat osteosarcoma cell line COS1NR was inoculated into Fischer 344 rats, followed by injection o...
Source: Oncology Reports - February 13, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Silencing XIAP suppresses osteosarcoma cell growth, and enhances the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to doxorubicin and cisplatin.
Authors: Qu Y, Xia P, Zhang S, Pan S, Zhao J Abstract X-chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is an important member of the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family. It has been shown that XIAP promotes the invasion, metastasis, growth and survival of malignant cells, and confers resistance to some chemotherapeutic drugs in various types of cancer. However, little is known regarding its detailed role in osteosarcoma (OS). In the present study, we first investigated the expression of XIAP in OS tissues, and an increased expression of XIAP in OS tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissue was ident...
Source: Oncology Reports - January 16, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

CCL5/CCR5 axis induces vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated tumor angiogenesis in human osteosarcoma microenvironment
In this study, we found that CCL5 increased VEGF expression and production in human osteosarcoma cells. The conditioned medium (CM) from CCL5-treated osteosarcoma cells significantly induced tube formation and migration of human endothelial progenitor cells. Pretreatment of cells with CCR5 antibody or transfection with CCR5 specific siRNA blocked CCL5-induced VEGF expression and angiogenesis. CCL5/CCR5 axis demonstrably activated protein kinase C (PKC), c-Src and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) signaling cascades to induce VEGF-dependent angiogenesis. Furthermore, knockdown of CCL5 suppressed VEGF expressio...
Source: Carcinogenesis - January 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wang, S.-W., Liu, S.-C., Sun, H.-L., Huang, T.-Y., Chan, C.-H., Yang, C.-Y., Yeh, H.-I., Huang, Y.-L., Chou, W.-Y., Lin, Y.-M., Tang, C.-H. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research

MALAT1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway
Abstract Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), one of the first found cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), involves in the development and progression of many types of tumors. An aberrant expression of MALAT1 was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and colorectal cancer. However, the exact effects and molecular mechanisms of MALAT1 in osteosarcoma progression are still unknown up to now. Here, we investigated the role of MALAT1 in human osteosarcoma cell lines and clinical tumor samples in order to determine the function of th...
Source: Tumor Biology - November 27, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Knockdown of autophagy-related protein 6, Beclin-1, decreases cell growth, invasion, and metastasis and has a positive effect on chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity in osteosarcoma cells
Abstract Beclin-1, a well-known key regulator of autophagy, has been implicated in many disorders, including cancer, aging, and degenerative diseases. Previous studies demonstrated that Beclin-1 participated in tumorgenesis and was highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells, primary duodenal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and overexpression of Beclin-1 could induce autophagic cell death in leukemia cells. However, the exact effects and molecular mechanisms of Beclin-1-mediated autophagy in osteosarcoma are still unknown up to now. Here, we evaluated the role of Beclin-1 in human osteosarcoma ...
Source: Tumor Biology - November 27, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Abstract A10: Functional characterization of Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility loci
Conclusions: In synopsis, our data indicate that the previously identified ES susceptibility regions and candidate genes may play a prominent role in ES pathobiology. Citation Format: Thomas Grunewald, Marie-Ming Aynaud, Franck Tirode, Eleni Tomazou, Didier Surdez, Thomas Rio Frio, Virginie Bernard, Virginie Raynal, Carlo Lucchesi, Gaelle Pierron, Pascale Gilardi-Hebenstreit, Patrick Charnay, Heinrich Kovar, Olivier Delattre. Functional characterization of Ewing's sarcoma susceptibility loci. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pediatric Cancer at the Crossroads: Translating Discovery into Improve...
Source: Cancer Research - October 9, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grunewald, T., Aynaud, M.-M., Tirode, F., Tomazou, E., Surdez, D., Frio, T. R., Bernard, V., Raynal, V., Lucchesi, C., Pierron, G., Gilardi-Hebenstreit, P., Charnay, P., Kovar, H., Delattre, O. Tags: Genetic Predisposition to Pediatric Cancers Source Type: research

Abstract 2603: Specific growth suppression of wild-type p53 tumor cells by DNA-modified siRNA sequences targeting MDM2
Conclusions: Our 2 newly selected dsRDC-modified siRNAs had high knockdown activity and less nonspecific cytotoxicity. Thus, they represent potent therapeutic agents against cancers carrying wt p53 with MDM2 overexpression. Citation Format: Mitsuaki Hirose, Kenji Yamato, Rie Saito, Takunori Ueno, Sachiko Hirai, Hideo Suzuki, Shinji Endo, Ichinosuke Hyodo. Specific growth suppression of wild-type p53 tumor cells by DNA-modified siRNA sequences targeting MDM2. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer R...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hirose, M., Yamato, K., Saito, R., Ueno, T., Hirai, S., Suzuki, H., Endo, S., Hyodo, I. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 342: Telomerase-dependent oncolytic adenovirus sensitizes human osteosarcoma cells to chemotherapy through Mcl-1 downregulation
In this study, we investigated the chemosensitizing effect of OBP-301 in human osteosarcoma cells and the molecular mechanism in the OBP-301-mediated enhancement of cell death. We used four human osteosarcoma cell lines, HOS, MNNG/HOS, 143B and SaOS-2. OBP-301 is an attenuated adenovirus, in which the hTERT promoter drives the expression of E1 gene, and causes tumor-selective lysis in a variety of human malignant tumor cells with telomerase activity. OBP-301 infection enhanced the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents, cisplatin and doxorubicin, that are commonly used for the treatment of osteosarcomas. The calculati...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Osaki, S., Omori, T., Tazawa, H., Hasei, J., Yamakawa, Y., Sasaki, T., Kunisada, T., Urata, Y., Ozaki, T., Fujiwara, T. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3422: RNAi screening identifies FGFR4 as a modulator of growth and survival in Ewing sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma is the second most common cancer of bone and soft tissue arising in children and young adults. Standard treatment of Ewing sarcoma includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy largely consisting of combinations of non-targeted cytotoxic agents. Although the survival rate has improved for patients treated for localized disease, the survival rate of patients with metastatic tumor remains lower than 30%. In order to improve therapeutic options for Ewing Sarcoma, we employed a functional genomics approach based on RNA interference (RNAi) screening to identify genes whose silencing affected the proliferation and ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Azorsa, D. O., Gonzales, I. M., Arora, S., Hagelstrom, R. T., Little, T. H., Arceci, R. J., Mousses, S. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 2953: Rev-erb{alpha} modulates Myc-driven cancer cell growth and altered metabolism
Circadian rhythms are regulated by feedback loops comprising a network of factors that regulate Clock-associated genes. Chronotherapy seeks to take advantage of altered circadian rhythms in some cancers to better time administration of treatments to increase efficacy and reduce toxicity. While many cancers have perturbed expression of core circadian rhythm genes, the molecular basis underlying these perturbations and their functional implications in oncogenesis are still poorly understood, and so it is impossible to predict which cancers have altered circadian rhythms and would best benefit from chronotherapy. We have obse...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Altman, B. J., Hsieh, A., Gouw, A. M., Stine, Z. E., Venkataraman, A., Bellovin, D. I., Diskin, S. J., Lu, W., Zhang, S., Felsher, D. W., Maris, J. M., Lazar, M. A., Rabinowitz, J. D., Hogenesch, J. B., Dang, C. V. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3989: High throughput screening highlights NFkB signaling in Ewing sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is the second most frequent pediatric bone tumor and still remains of poor prognosis especially for metastatic patients. Genetically, ES is characterized by a chromosomal translocation between EWSR1 and ETS family members (FLI1 in 85% of cases). This leads to the expression of EWS-FLI1 chimeric oncogene transcription factor. Aiming at identifying EWS-FLI1 regulated genes with potential therapeutic targets, a genome wide method was developed to rank these potential hits by combining Ewing sarcoma transcriptome and ChIPSeq data. Accordingly, 273 selected genes were further investigated using a siRNA approa...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Surdez, D., Stoll, G., Tirode, F., Laud, K., Barillot, E., Delattre, O. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

DeltaNp63alpha enhances the oncogenic phenotype of osteosarcoma cells by inducing the expression of GLI2
Conclusions: Here, we report that GLI2 is the novel target gene of DeltaNp63alpha and that DeltaNp63alpha-GLI2 crosstalk in osteosarcoma cells is a necessary event in osteosarcoma progression. Defining the exact mechanisms involved in this interaction that mediate the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma promises to identify targets for drug therapy.
Source: BMC Cancer - August 1, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ram Mohan Ram KumarMichael BetzBernhard RoblWalter BornBruno Fuchs Source Type: research