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Cancer: Bone Cancers

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Total 366 results found since Jan 2013.

Role of integrin‐linked kinase in osteosarcoma progression
ABSTRACT Although integrin‐linked kinase (ILK) has been suggested to play a role in the tumorigenesis of a number of human epithelial carcinomas, little is known of its role in musculoskeletal sarcoma. The authors studied ILK expression by immunohistochemistry using osteosarcoma prechemotherapy specimens from 56 patients, and investigated the prognostic implications of the findings obtained. It was found that ILK overexpression was significantly correlated with the presence of distant metastasis (p = 0.008) and that it was an independent prognostic factor for both poor overall survival and poor event‐free survival ...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Research - June 19, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Seung Hwan Rhee, Ilkyu Han, Mi Ra Lee, Hwan Seong Cho, Joo Han Oh, Han‐Soo Kim Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Expression of chemokine CXCL14 in primary osteosarcoma and its association with prognosis.
CONCLUSION: CXCL14 is up-regulated in both osteosarcoma cell lines and primary osteosarcoma tissues to promote the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. A high CXCL14 expression in osteosarcoma tissues is associated with a poor prognosis, suggesting the that CXCL14 serve as a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. PMID: 23803187 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - June 20, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Lu JC, Wang J, Yong BC, Song GH, Zhao ZQ, Tang QL, Zou CY, Yin JQ, Xie XB, Shen JN Tags: Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao Source Type: research

Proteomics study of open biopsy samples identifies peroxiredoxin 2 as a predictive biomarker of response to induction chemotherapy in osteosarcoma.
Abstract We attempted to identify biomarkers that would predict responsiveness of osteosarcoma (OS) to induction chemotherapy. Tumor tissues obtained by open biopsy before induction chemotherapy were investigated. On the basis of histological observations at the time of surgery and the Huvos grading system, 7 patients were classified as good responders and the other 6 as poor responders. Protein expression profiling was performed by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis. Among 3494 protein spots observed, the intensity of 33 spots was found to differ significantly between the two patient groups. The prote...
Source: Journal of Proteomics - August 1, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kubota D, Mukaihara K, Yoshida A, Tsuda H, Kawai A, Kondo T Tags: J Proteomics Source Type: research

Ras activation mediates WISP-1-induced increases in cell motility and matrix metalloproteinase expression in human osteosarcoma.
In this study, we first found that the expression of WISP-1 in osteosarcoma patients was significantly higher than that in normal bone and corrected with tumor stage. Exogenous treatment of osteosarcoma cells with WISP-1 promoted cell motility and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression. In addition, the Ras and Raf-1 inhibitor or siRNA abolished WISP-1-induced cell migration and MMPs expression. On the other hand, activation of the Ras, Raf-1, MEK, ERK, and NF-κB signaling pathway after WISP-1 treatment was demonstrated, and WISP-1-induced expression of MMPs and migration activity were inhibited by the spec...
Source: Cellular Signalling - September 12, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu CL, Tsai HC, Chen ZW, Wu CM, Li TM, Fong YC, Tang CH Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

G protein‐gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels play a primary role in the antinociceptive effect of oxycodone, but not morphine, at supraspinal sites
Conclusion and ImplicationsThe results demonstrated that GIRK1 channels play a primary role in the antinociceptive effects of oxycodone, but not morphine, at supraspinal sites, and suggested that supraspinal GIRK1 channels are responsible for the unique analgesic profile of oxycodone.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - October 7, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Atsushi Nakamura, Masahide Fujita, Hiroko Ono, Yoshie Hongo, Tomoe Kanbara, Koichi Ogawa, Yasuhide Morioka, Atsushi Nishiyori, Masahiro Shibasaki, Tomohisa Mori, Tsutomu Suzuki, Gaku Sakaguchi, Akira Kato, Minoru Hasegawa Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Systems biology of Ewing sarcoma: a network model of EWS-FLI1 effect on proliferation and apoptosis
In this study, a network linking EWS-FLI1 to cell cycle and apoptosis phenotypes was constructed through an original method of network reconstruction. Transcriptome time-series after EWS-FLI1 silencing were used to identify core modulated genes by an original scoring method based on fitting expression profile dynamics curves. Literature data mining was then used to connect these modulated genes into a network. The validity of a subpart of this network was assessed by siRNA/RT-QPCR experiments on four additional Ewing cell lines and confirmed most of the links. Based on the network and the transcriptome data, CUL1 was ident...
Source: Nucleic Acids Research - October 18, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Stoll, G., Surdez, D., Tirode, F., Laud, K., Barillot, E., Zinovyev, A., Delattre, O. Tags: Computational Biology Source Type: research

Gelsemine, a principal alkaloid from Gelsemium sempervirens Ait., exhibits potent and specific antinociception in chronic pain by acting at spinal α3 glycine receptors
TOC summary: Gelsemine produces potent and specific antinociception in chronic pain states by activating spinal α3 glycine receptors without inducing tolerance.Abstract: The present study examined the antinociceptive effects of gelsemine, the principal alkaloid in Gelsemium sempervirens Ait. A single intrathecal injection of gelsemine produced potent and specific antinociception in formalin-induced tonic pain, bone cancer-induced mechanical allodynia, and spinal nerve ligation-induced painful neuropathy. The antinociception was dose-dependent, with maximal inhibition of 50% to 60% and ED50 values of 0.5 to 0.6μg. Multipl...
Source: Pain - July 24, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Jing-Yang Zhang, Nian Gong, Jin-Lu Huang, Ling-Chen Guo, Yong-Xiang Wang Tags: Research papers Source Type: research

Osteosarcoma cells promote the production of pro-tumor cytokines in mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting their osteogenic differentiation through the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway.
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are among the most important components of the osteosarcoma microenvironment and are reported to promote tumor progression. However, the means by which osteosarcoma cells modulate MSC behavior remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of osteosarcoma cells on both the production of pro-tumor cytokines by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. High level of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was detected in three osteosarcoma cell lines. Conditioned media (CM) from the osteosarcoma cell lines Saos-2 and U2-OS wer...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - October 30, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Tu B, Peng ZX, Fan QM, Du L, Yan W, Tang TT Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Effects of cyclic AMP response element binding protein-Zhangfei (CREBZF) on the unfolded protein response and cell growth are exerted through the tumor suppressor p53.
Abstract Zhangfei/CREBZF, a basic region-leucine zipper (bLZip) transcription factor, is a potent suppressor of growth and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in some cancer cell lines, including the canine osteosarcoma cell line, D-17. However, the effects of Zhangfei are not universal, and it has no obvious effects on untransformed cells and some cancer cell lines, suggesting that Zhangfei may act through an intermediary that is either not induced or is defective in cells that it does not affect. Here we identify the tumor suppressor protein p53 as this intermediary. We show the following: in cells ectopically e...
Source: Cell Cycle - November 6, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhang R, Misra V Tags: Cell Cycle Source Type: research

Dual targeting of EWS-FLI1 activity and the associated DNA damage response with Trabectedin and SN38 synergistically inhibits Ewing sarcoma cell growth.
CONCLUSIONS: These results provide the basis and rationale for translating this drug combination to the clinic. In addition, the study highlights an approach that utilizes a targeted agent to interfere with an oncogenic transcription factor and then exploits the resulting changes in gene expression to develop a molecularly targeted combination therapy. PMID: 24277455 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - November 25, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Grohar PJ, Segars LE, Yeung C, Pommier Y, D'Incalci M, Mendoza A, Helman LJ Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

β‐Catenin transcriptional activity is minimal in canine osteosarcoma and its targeted inhibition results in minimal changes to cell line behaviour
This study aimed to determine the biological impact of inhibiting canonical Wnt signalling in canine OS, by utilizing either β‐catenin siRNA or a dominant‐negative T‐cell factor (TCF) construct. There were no consistent, significant changes in cell line behaviour with either method compared to parental cell lines. Interestingly, β‐catenin transcriptional activity was three‐fold higher in normal canine primary osteoblasts compared to canine OS cell lines. These results suggest canonical Wnt signalling is minimally active in canine OS and its targeted inhibition is not a relevant therapeutic strategy.
Source: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology - November 30, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Caroline M. Piskun, Timothy J. Stein Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

G protein‐gated inwardly rectifying potassium (KIR3) channels play a primary role in the antinociceptive effect of oxycodone, but not morphine, at supraspinal sites
Conclusion and ImplicationsThese results demonstrate that KIR3.1 channels play a primary role in the antinociceptive effects of oxycodone, but not those of morphine, at supraspinal sites and suggest that supraspinal KIR3.1 channels are responsible for the unique analgesic profile of oxycodone.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - December 10, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Atsushi Nakamura, Masahide Fujita, Hiroko Ono, Yoshie Hongo, Tomoe Kanbara, Koichi Ogawa, Yasuhide Morioka, Atsushi Nishiyori, Masahiro Shibasaki, Tomohisa Mori, Tsutomu Suzuki, Gaku Sakaguchi, Akira Kato, Minoru Hasegawa Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 induced upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 and its receptor 3 induces angiogenesis in human osteosarcoma cells
In this study we observed that high expression of APE1, FGF2 and FGFR3, and microvessel density are positively correlated with poor prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Furthermore, the Cox model showed that the tumor size, FGF2 and its receptor 3 (FGFR3), and microvessel density were adverse prognostic factors. Based on our clinical data, and the fact that APE1 is involved in tumor angiogenesis, we hypothesize that it is very likely that APE1 may indirectly promote angiogenesis by upregulating fibroblast FGF2 and FGFR3. Our preliminary data show small interfering RNA‐mediated silence of APE1 experiments, which further su...
Source: Cancer Science - January 27, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tao Ren, Yi Qing, Nan Dai, Mengxia Li, Chengyuan Qian, Yuxin Yang, Yi Cheng, Zheng Li, Shiheng Zhang, Zhaoyang Zhong, Dong Wang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Wnt5a promotes migration of human osteosarcoma cells by triggering a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt signals
In this study, we found that Wnt5a stimulated the migration of human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63), with the maximal effect at 100 ng/ml, via enhancing phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt. PI3K and Akt showed visible signs of basal phosphorylation and elevated phosphorylation at 15 min after stimulation with Wnt5a. Pharmaceutical inhibition of PI3K with LY294002 significantly blocked the Wnt5a-induced activation of Akt (p-Ser473) and decreased Wnt5a-induced cell migration. Akt siRNA remarkably inhibited Wnt5a-induced cell migration. Additionally, Wnt5a does not alter the total expression and phosphoryl...
Source: Cancer Cell International - February 14, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ailiang ZhangShuanghua HeXiaoliang SunLianghua DingXinnan BaoNeng Wang Source Type: research

Proteomic Identification of 14‐3‐3ϵ as a Linker Protein Between pERK1/2 Inhibition and BIM Upregulation in Human Osteosarcoma Cells
We examined the expression of Bim after silencing 14‐3‐3ϵ using siRNA. The 14‐3‐3ϵ gene silencing resulted in downregulation of Bim expression after PD98059 treatment. These data indicate that 14‐3‐3ϵ is required for Bim expression and that it has an anti‐cancer effect under pERK1/2 inhibition in 143B cells. By playing an essential role upstream of Bim, 14‐3‐3ϵ may potentially be a coadjuvant factor synergizing the effect of pERK1/2 inhibitors in addition to conventional cytotoxic agents for more effective osteosarcoma treatments. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Research - February 17, 2014 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kyung Ok Kim, Anny C. Hsu, Heon Goo Lee, Neel Patel, Chandhanarat Chandhanayingyong, Thomas Hickernell, Francis Young‐In Lee Tags: Research Article Source Type: research