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IL-33 Mediated Inflammation in Chronic Respiratory Diseases —Understanding the Role of the Member of IL-1 Superfamily
Conclusion Analysis of the pleiotropic effects of IL-33 on multiple immunological cells (macrophages, mastocytes), as well as neurological cells of medulla oblongata, dorsal root ganglion, antigen-induced arthritis system, carrageen, and formalin, shows that this alarmin plays curtail, yet not fully known role in mediating inflammation, especially in chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases such as asthma, COPD, and OSA. Taken into consideration the engagement in this process, in particular of mastocytes and their secretion of CXCL2, 4, 8, and other cytokines, there is no doubt regarding the etiopathogenic role of IL-33 in...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Study of Dried Ginger and Linggan Wuwei Jiangxin Decoction Treatment of Cold Asthma Rats Using GC –MS Based Metabolomics
Conclusion In this study, serum and urine metabolites identified by GC–MS and general pharmacodynamic evaluation (morphological observation, histopathology, inflammatory factors, and visceral indices) were used to compare the effects of GJ and LGWWJX decoctions on cold asthma. Significant metabolic abnormalities were observed for 37 metabolites (15 in serum, 22 in urine) in rats with cold asthma. These altered metabolites might be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets during development of cold asthma. Furthermore, pathway analysis demonstrated that pathways associated with energy metabolism and oxidative str...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

A Novel Human Microbe-Disease Association Prediction Method Based on the Bidirectional Weighted Network
Conclusion Human microbiome is normal flora for humans, which has been proved to be of symbiotic relationship with humans and harmless to humans. If the microbes that breed in the human body become “unhealthy,” it will definitely affect the host's physical condition. People are continuing to explore the pathologic relationship between microorganisms and the human body through high-throughput sequencing technologies and analysis systems. However, it is a pity that their pathogenesis cannot be fully understood as yet. Considering that relying only on conventional experimental methods is time-consumin...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 8, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

BET Bromodomain Inhibitor iBET151 Impedes Human ILC2 Activation and Prevents Experimental Allergic Lung Inflammation
This study was supported by grants from GSK and the UK Medical Research Council (U105178805). Conflict of Interest Statement AM has grant funding from GSK and AstraZeneca/MedImmune. MB, DJ, AP, DT, and AvO are employees of GSK. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to the Ares staff, genotyping facility, and flow cytometry core for their technical assistance. We thank Jen Walker for advice on the manuscript. Supplementary Material The Supplem...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 8, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Effects of Orally Ingested Arsenic on Respiratory Epithelial Permeability to Bacteria and Small Molecules in Mice
Conclusions: Peroral arsenic has little effect on local airway immune responses to bacteria but compromises respiratory epithelial barrier integrity, increasing systemic translocation of inhaled pathogens and small molecules. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1878 Received: 09 March 2017 Revised: 14 August 2017 Accepted: 16 August 2017 Published: 28 September 2017 Address correspondence to M.B. Fessler, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr., P.O. Box 12233, Maildrop D2-01, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA. Telephone: (919) 541-3701. Email: fesslerm@niehs.nih.gov *Current address: UN...
Source: EHP Research - September 28, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Serum Inflammatory Cytokines in Children
Conclusion: Our results indicate alterations in systemic inflammatory markers in 8-y-old children in relation to early-life exposure to traffic-related air pollution. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP460 Received: 04 May 2016 Revised: 20 October 2016 Accepted: 07 November 2016 Published: 16 June 2017 Address correspondence to O. Gruzieva, Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nobels väg 13 Box 210, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden. Telephone: 46 8 524 80022. Fax: 46 8 304571. E-mail: olena.gruzieva@ki.se Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP460). The authors declare they h...
Source: EHP Research - June 16, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Karla Gonzalez Tags: Research Source Type: research

House Dust Endotoxin and Peripheral Leukocyte Counts: Results from Two Large Epidemiologic Studies
Conclusions: This is, to our knowledge, the first report of an association between house dust endotoxin and leukocyte count in a national survey. The finding was replicated in a farming population. Peripheral leukocyte count may be influenced by residential endotoxin exposure in diverse settings. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP661 Received: 15 June 2016 Revised: 13 September 2016 Accepted: 27 September 2016 Published: 31 May 2017 Address correspondence to: M.B. Fessler, MD, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Dr., P.O. Box 12233, Maildrop D2-01, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Tele...
Source: EHP Research - May 31, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Research Source Type: research

Genes Interacting with Occupational Exposures to Low Molecular Weight Agents and Irritants on Adult-Onset Asthma in Three European Studies
Conclusions: Using a pathway-based selection process, we identified novel genes potentially involved in adult asthma by interaction with occupational exposure. These genes play a role in the NF-κB pathway, which is involved in inflammation. Citation: Rava M, Ahmed I, Kogevinas M, Le Moual N, Bouzigon E, Curjuric I, Dizier MH, Dumas O, Gonzalez JR, Imboden M, Mehta AJ, Tubert-Bitter P, Zock JP, Jarvis D, Probst-Hensch NM, Demenais F, Nadif R. 2017. Genes interacting with occupational exposures to low molecular weight agents and irritants on adult-onset asthma in three European studies. Environ Health Perspect 125:207–2...
Source: EHP Research - February 1, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Research Articles February 2017 Source Type: research