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Total 120 results found since Jan 2013.

How AI Is Changing Medical Imaging to Improve Patient Care
That doctors can peer into the human body without making a single incision once seemed like a miraculous concept. But medical imaging in radiology has come a long way, and the latest artificial intelligence (AI)-driven techniques are going much further: exploiting the massive computing abilities of AI and machine learning to mine body scans for differences that even the human eye can miss. Imaging in medicine now involves sophisticated ways of analyzing every data point to distinguish disease from health and signal from noise. If the first few decades of radiology were about refining the resolution of the pictures taken of...
Source: TIME: Health - November 4, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park and Video by Andrew D. Johnson Tags: Uncategorized Frontiers of Medicine 2022 healthscienceclimate Innovation sponsorshipblock Source Type: news

Biomedical applications of sodium MRI in vivo
In this article we present an up‐to‐date overview of the potential biomedical applications of sodium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo. Sodium MRI is a subject of increasing interest in translational imaging research as it can give some direct and quantitative biochemical information on the tissue viability, cell integrity and function, and therefore not only help the diagnosis but also the prognosis of diseases and treatment outcomes. It has already been applied in vivo in most human tissues, such as brain for stroke or tumor detection and therapeutic response, in breast cancer, in articular cartilage, in muscl...
Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging - May 30, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Guillaume Madelin, Ravinder R. Regatte Tags: Review Source Type: research

Transcranial doppler and brain MRI in children with sickle cell disease and high hemoglobin F levels
ConclusionThe mild phenotype among Kuwaiti patients with SCD is reflected in normal TCD velocities and a low prevalence of SBI in children with the disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - September 11, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Akram Asbeutah, Renu Gupta, Osama Al‐Saeid, Sam Ashebu, Sundus Al‐Sharida, Ali Mullah‐Ali, Nada Yousef Mustafa, Adekunle Adekile Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Isolated Shoulder Palsy due to Cortical Infarction: A Case Report and Literature Review of Clinicoradiological Correlations
We report an 80-year-old woman with isolated shoulder palsy because of cortical ischemic infarction in the base of the left precentral gyrus as confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging. In our patient, cardiogenic embolism or Trousseau syndrome associated with lung cancer was considered the cause of ischemic infarction. Physicians should consider small cortical infarction, when a patient complains of sudden onset of shoulder weakness without pain. In line with the previous reports, a responsible cortical lesion in our patient corresponded to motor shoulder area in the motor homunculus reported to be located more media...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 4, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Akiko Kawasaki, Keisuke Suzuki, Hidehiro Takekawa, Norito Kokubun, Masanari Yamamoto, Yohei Asakawa, Madoka Okamura, Koichi Hirata Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

N-type calcium channel antibody-mediated paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: A diagnostic challenge
Conclusion: This case highlights limbic encephalitis as an atypical presentation of neuroendocrine cancer. It also illustrates how treatment of the underlying cancer can reverse limbic encephalitis and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome in a neuroendocrine carcinoma patient even before the paraneoplastic panel becomes negative.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - January 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Carlos Kamiya-Matsuoka, David Blas-Boria, Michelle D. Williams, Pedro Garciarena, Sudhakar Tummala, Ivo W. Tremont-Lukats Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

PET scans may improve brain injury diagnosis
ConclusionThis is a valuable diagnostic study that tested how accurate PET and fMRI imaging are at distinguishing between different levels of conscious state and helping to predict recovery. Diagnostic assessments are traditionally made using bedside clinical tests – but as the researchers say, judging the level of awareness in people with severe brain damage can be difficult.In particular, the researchers wanted to see whether the scans could accurately distinguish between people with “unresponsive wakefulness syndrome” and “minimally conscious state”, as distinguishing between these two states can have impor...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 16, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Medical practice Neurology Source Type: news

Prevalence of Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors Exposed to Both Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION: More CMBs were found in the aRCeBCS group than in the population-based controls. These vascular lesions potentially mark cerebrovascular frailty that could partially explain the well-documented association between chemotherapy and cognitive dysfunction. No support was found for a radiotherapy-related origin of CMBs. PMID: 25559803 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer - January 5, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Koppelmans V, Vernooij MW, Boogerd W, Seynaeve C, Ikram MA, Breteler MM, Schagen SB Tags: J Clin Oncol Source Type: research

Prevalence of Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors Exposed to Both Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Breast Cancer
Conclusion More CMBs were found in the aRCeBCS group than in the population-based controls. These vascular lesions potentially mark cerebrovascular frailty that could partially explain the well-documented association between chemotherapy and cognitive dysfunction. No support was found for a radiotherapy-related origin of CMBs.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - February 18, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Koppelmans, Vernooij, Boogerd, Seynaeve, Ikram, Breteler, Schagen Tags: Radiation, Chemotherapy Breast Cancer Source Type: research

Acute Response of Right Ventricular Function to Iloprost Inhalations in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Preliminary Evaluation 
with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Background and objective Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by abnormally elevated blood pressure of the pulmonary circulation. Without treatment, PAH progresses rapidly to right ventricular (RV) failure and even death. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) has been an accurate and reproducible tool to assessment of RV morphology and function, which are important factors in the prognosis of patients with PAH. The aim of this study is to investigate acute RV response to inhalation of aerosolized iloprost in patients with PAH using CMRI. Method From March 2012 to March 2014, 48 ...
Source: Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer - March 20, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Magnetic resonance imaging of the carotid artery in long-term head and neck cancer survivors treated with radiotherapy.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed significantly more vessel wall thickening in irradiated versus non-irradiated carotid arteries years after RT for HNC, while no differences in signal intensities were observed. PMID: 25831144 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Oncologica - April 1, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wilbers J, Meijer FJ, Kappelle AC, Kaanders JH, Boogerd W, Dorresteijn LD, van Dijk EJ, Steens SC Tags: Acta Oncol Source Type: research

A Current Amplifier for Local Coil Pre-amplification of NMR/MRI Signals
The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems are used for a variety of imaging application. The present invention discloses an improving MRI device and method by amplifying signals received by resonant NMR coils of MRI systems. It utilizes positive feedback from low-noise Field-Effect Transistor to amplify the signal current that can be coupled out to receiving loops positioned externally without loss in sensitivity. Therefore, the NMR coil can be flexibly positioned near internal tissues and used to develop high-resolution images in highly invasive situations. The disclosed device can be developed in kit form as integrate...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - September 26, 2014 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research

On the Opportunities and Challenges in Microwave Medical Sensing and Imaging
Widely used medical imaging systems in clinics currently rely on X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, computed tomography, and positron emission tomography. The aforementioned technologies provide clinical data with a variety of resolution, implementation cost, and use complexity, where some of them rely on ionizing radiation. Microwave sensing and imaging (MSI) is an alternative method based on nonionizing electromagnetic (EM) signals operating over the frequency range covering hundreds of megahertz to tens of gigahertz. The advantages of using EM signals are low health risk, low cost implementation, low operat...
Source: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering - June 20, 2015 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging: What Water Tells Us about Biological Tissues
by Denis Le Bihan, Mami Iima Since its introduction in the mid-1980s, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which measures the random motion of water molecules in tissues, revealing their microarchitecture, has become a pillar of modern neuroimaging. Its main clinical domain has been the diagnosis of acute brain stroke and neurogical disorders, but it is also used in the body for the detection and management of cancer lesions. It can also produce stunning maps of white matter tracks in the brain, with the potential to aid in the understanding of some psychiatric disorders. However, in order to exploit fully the pote...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - July 23, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Denis Le Bihan et al. Source Type: research

Microfabricated Particles Useful as MRI Contrast Agents
MRI contrast agents are versatile yet lack the sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities of optical agents. Available for licensing is an invention pertaining to microfabricated structures that can be used as MRI contrast agents with enhanced functionality or as micro-RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags. The microstructures can be engineered to appear as different effective colors when resolved using MRI as opposed to strictly grey-scale contrast of existing MRI agents. In this way they can be thought as radio-frequency analogs to quantum dots. A set of agents could be produced that would enable in vivo labeling and...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - September 1, 2008 Category: Research Authors: admin Source Type: research