It Is Time to Consider the Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence Use in Generating Manuscripts for Peer-Reviewed Journals
Journal of Endourology, Ahead of Print. (Source: Journal of Endourology)
Source: Journal of Endourology - April 29, 2024 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jonathan H. Berger Source Type: research
New suture probe canaloplasty combined with suprachoroidal collagen implantation
ConclusionNew suture probe canaloplasty with ScD and collagen sheet implantation yields the opportunity to conduct a cost-effective canaloplasty easier and less complicated than with the previously described method with the twisted 6/0 suture. The safety profile and IOP lowering effect is comparable. In cases where complete probing fails, there is still the opportunity to switch to suture trabeculotomy over the majorly probed part of Schlemm ’s canal. The pressure lowering effect of the deep sclerectomy with ScD and suprachoroidal collagen sheet implant seems to have an additional impact on the sufficient pressure loweri...
Source: International Ophthalmology - April 29, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Frequency of self-directed dying in the Netherlands: research protocol of a cross-sectional mixed-methods study
Introduction
In the Netherlands, assisting in suicide is allowed for physicians and regulated by the Termination of Life on Request and Assisted Suicide (review procedures) Act. However, some people decide to end their lives outside the medical domain, without a physician’s help. Two approaches for such self-directed dying are voluntary stopping eating and drinking (VSED) and independently taking lethal medication attended by a confidant (ILMC). The frequency of deaths by either of these methods in the Netherlands was examined in 2007. Since then, there have been societal, political and healthcare developments which ...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Bosma, F., Stoppelenburg, A., van der Heide, A., van de Vathorst, S. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research
The Pediatric Autism Research Cohort (PARC) Study: protocol for a patient-oriented prospective study examining trajectories of functioning in children with autism
Introduction
The developmentally variable nature of autism poses challenges in providing timely services tailored to a child’s needs. Despite a recent focus on longitudinal research, priority-setting initiatives with stakeholders highlighted the importance of studying a child’s day-to-day functioning and social determinants of health to inform clinical care. To address this, we are conducting a pragmatic multi-site, patient-oriented longitudinal investigation: the Pediatric Autism Research Cohort (PARC) Study. In young children (<7 years of age) newly diagnosed with autism, we will: (1) examine variability i...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kata, A., McPhee, P. G., Chen, Y.-J., Zwaigenbaum, L., Singal, D., Roncadin, C., Bennett, T., Carter, M., Di Rezze, B., Drmic, I., Duku, E., Fournier, S., Frei, J., Gentles, S. J., Georgiades, K., Hanlon-Dearman, A., Hoult, L., Kelley, E., Koller, J., de Tags: Open access, Paediatrics Source Type: research
Use of headphones for the delivery of music programs for people with dementia in long-term care homes: a scoping review protocol
Introduction
Dementia affects the quality of life. Excessive noise in care environments can exacerbate stress and related symptoms. Headphone-based music interventions may help improve the quality of life for people with dementia in long-term care homes. This review aims to explore and synthesise research on headphone-based music interventions for people with dementia in long-term care homes, focusing on enablers and barriers to implementing headphone-based music interventions.
Methods and analysis
Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for scoping review and Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews and Meta-analyses exten...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hung, L., Wong, K. L. Y., Huang, K., Cheung, D. S. K., Yeo, M. S., Kim, S. J. Tags: Open access, Geriatric medicine Source Type: research
SUPRAMAX-study: supramaximal resection versus maximal resection for glioblastoma patients: study protocol for an international multicentre prospective cohort study (ENCRAM 2201)
This study is an international, multicentre, prospective, two-arm cohort study of observational nature. Consecutive glioblastoma patients will be operated with SMR or maximal resection at a 1:1 ratio. Primary endpoints are (1) overall survival and (2) proportion of patients with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale deterioration at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. Secondary endpoints are (1) residual CE and NCE tumour volume on postoperative T1-contrast and FLAIR (Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) MRI scans; (2) progression-free survival; (3) receipt of adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy and radiothe...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gerritsen, J. K. W., Young, J. S., Chang, S. M., Krieg, S. M., Jungk, C., van den Bent, M. J., Satoer, D. D., Ille, S., Schucht, P., Nahed, B. V., Broekman, M. L. D., Berger, M., De Vleeschouwer, S., Vincent, A. J. P. E. Tags: Open access, Oncology Source Type: research
Dry cupping as an adjuvant treatment of individuals with severe pneumonia: study protocol for a placebo-controlled, randomised study
Background
Severe pneumonia (SP) stands as one of the most prevalent critical illnesses encountered in clinical practice, characterised by its rapid onset and progression, numerous complications and elevated mortality rates. While modern medical interventions primarily focus on symptomatic management such as anti-infective therapy and mechanical ventilation, challenges including high drug resistance and suboptimal therapeutic outcomes for certain patients persist. Dry cupping as an ancient practice with over a millennium of clinical use in China is renowned for its convenience and perceived clinical efficacy in various ill...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Li, W., Chung, S. L., Lei, M., Yang, X., Jin, Z. Tags: Open access, Complementary medicine Source Type: research
Liver fat as a dietary target by Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) diet for treating type 2 diabetes with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
This study aims to investigate the long-term effect of a Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) diet accompanied by intermittent energy restriction on reducing liver fat and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD.
Methods and analysis
This is a multicentre two-armed parallel randomised controlled trial study. 120 participants with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD will be recruited from the physical examination centres of multiple hospitals in China. Participants will be randomly allocated 1:1 to either the CMNT group or the usual care group. The CMNT group will be instructed to consume the prov...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Luo, W., Xiao, Z., Yang, X., Wu, R., Li, J., Yu, Z., Guo, S., Nie, B., Liu, D. Tags: Open access, Diabetes and Endocrinology Source Type: research
Digital resources in the monitoring of patients with cleft lip and palate: protocol for a scoping review
Introduction
Cleft lip and/or palate (CL+/-P) is a congenital malformation affecting the lip and palate, requiring long-term treatment due to potential associated complications. For this reason, it is important for the patient to be continuously monitored and followed for health promotion and prevention, as well as improving the quality of life. The aim of this scoping review protocol is to identify and map the available evidence regarding the application of digital resources and technologies in the monitoring and follow-up of patients with CL+/-P.
Methods and analysis
This scoping review protocol follows the guidelines r...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Carvalho, L. I. M., de Araujo, E. G. O., de Souza, B. E. S., Martins, H. D. D., Lacerda, R. H. W., Bonan, P. R. F. Tags: Open access, Dentistry and oral medicine Source Type: research
Effect of vitamin D in addition to letrozole on the ovulation rate of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: protocol of a multicentre randomised double-blind controlled trial
The objective of the study is to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on (1) the ovulation rate to letrozole and (2) other reproductive, endocrine and metabolic outcomes after 1 year of supplementation in women with PCOS.
Methods and analysis
This is a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. A total of 220 anovulatory women with PCOS diagnosed by the Rotterdam criteria will be recruited. They will be randomly assigned to either the (1) vitamin D supplementation group or (2) placebo group. Those in the vitamin D group will take oral Vitamin D3 50 000 IU/week for 4 weeks, followed by 50 0...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ko, J. K. Y., Yung, S. S. F., Lai, S. F., Wan, R. S. F., Wong, C. K. Y., Wong, K., Cheung, C.-L., Ng, E. H. Y., Li, R. H. W. Tags: Open access, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Obstetrics and gynaecology Source Type: research
What is the ideal time to begin tapering opioid agonist treatment? A protocol for a retrospective population-based comparative effectiveness study in British Columbia, Canada
Introduction
Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) tapering involves a gradual reduction in daily medication dose to ultimately reach a state of opioid abstinence. Due to the high risk of relapse and overdose after tapering, this practice is not recommended by clinical guidelines, however, clients may still request to taper off medication. The ideal time to initiate an OAT taper is not known. However, ethically, taper plans should acknowledge clients’ preferences and autonomy but apply principles of shared informed decision-making regarding safety and efficacy. Linked population-level data capturing real-world tapering prac...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yan, R., Kurz, M., Guerra-Alejos, B. C., Min, J. E., Bach, P., Greenland, S., Gustafson, P., Karim, E., Korthuis, P. T., Loughin, T., McCandless, L., Platt, R. W., Schnepel, K., Seaman, S., Socias, M. E., Wood, E., Xie, H., Nosyk, B. Tags: Open access, Addiction Source Type: research
Evaluation of the early use of norepinephrine in major abdominal surgery on medical and surgical postoperative complications: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (EPON STUDY)
This study aims to assess the benefit of norepinephrine versus ephedrine at the induction of anaesthesia to prevent postoperative complications following major abdominal surgery by preventing IOH.
Methods and analysis
The EPON STUDY is a prospective single-centre randomised controlled trial with the planned inclusion of 500 patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery at the Amiens University Hospital. The inclusion criteria are patients aged over 50 years weighing more than 50 kg with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status score of ≥2 undergoing major abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia. Pa...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Trocheris-Fumery, O., Scetbon, C., Flet, T., Meynier, J., Sellier, M., Rumbach, M., Badaoui, R., Villeret, L., Tarpin, P., Abou-Arab, O., Bar, S., Dupont, H. Tags: Open access, Anaesthesia Source Type: research
Financial incentive interventions for smoking cessation among Chinese smokers: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Introduction
There is an urgent issue to relieve the burdens caused by tobacco use through feasible and effective smoking cessation interventions, particularly in a middle-income country with less accessible smoking cessation services and high demand for quitting smoking. Financial incentives have shown effective in changing health behaviours, thus needing to test its portability to a wider implementation and effectiveness of increasing smoking cessation rates.
Methods and analysis
This is a three-arm cluster randomised controlled trial. 462 eligible participants will be assigned to 2 financial incentive groups—rewa...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yang, X., Galarraga, O., Cao, W., Lin, H., Cao, F., Chang, C. Tags: Open access, Smoking and tobacco Source Type: research
Lifetime costs of alcohol consumption in Thailand: protocol for an incidence-based cost-of-illness study using Markov model
Introduction
Several prevalence-based cost-of-illness (COI) studies have been conducted to estimate the economic burden of alcohol consumption borne by a particular society in a given year. Yet there are few studies examining the economic costs incurred by an individual drinker over his/her lifetime. Thus, this study aims to estimate the costs incurred by an individual drinker’s alcohol consumption over his or her lifetime in Thailand.
Methods and analysis
An incidence-based COI approach will be employed. To project individuals’ associated costs over a lifetime, a Markov modelling technique will be used. The f...
Source: BMJ Open - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Luangsinsiri, C., Thavorncharoensap, M., Chaikledkaew, U., Pattanaprateep, O., Sornpaisarn, B., Rehm, J. Tags: Open access, Health economics Source Type: research
What Happens After a Neural Implant Study? Neuroethics Expert Workshop on Post-Trial Obligations
AbstractWhat happens at the end of a clinical trial for an investigational neural implant? It may be surprising to learn how difficult it is to answer this question. While new trials are initiated with increasing regularity, relatively little consensus exists on how best to conduct them, and even less on how to ethically end them. The landscape of recent neural implant trials demonstrates wide variability of what happens to research participants after an neural implant trial ends. Some former research participants continue to receive support for their devices (e.g., battery and component replacements, software updates, etc...
Source: Neuroethics - April 29, 2024 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
