Consciousness Ain ’t All That
AbstractMost philosophers think that phenomenal consciousness underlies, or at any rate makes a large contribution, to moral considerability. This paper argues that many such accounts invoke question-begging arguments. Moreover, they ’re unable to explain apparent differences in moral status across and within different species. In the light of these problems, I argue that we ought to take very seriously a view according to which moral considerability is grounded in functional properties. Phenomenal consciousness may be suffici ent for having a moral value, but it may not be necessary, and it may contribute relatively lit...
Source: Neuroethics - April 24, 2024 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Tool or Tyrant: Guiding and Guarding Generative Artificial Intelligence Use in Nursing Education
This article presents a narrative exploring the implementation of generative AI in nursing education and offers a guide for its strategic use. The exploration begins with an examination of the broader societal impact and uses of artificial intelligence, recognizing its pervasive presence and the potential it holds. Thematic analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats collected from nurse educators across the southeastern United States in this case-based descriptive study used four codes: time, innovation, critical thinking, and routine tasks. Findings from the qualitative analysis revealed the overarching...
Source: Creative Nursing - April 23, 2024 Category: Nursing Authors: Susan Hayes Lane Tammy Haley Dana E Brackney Source Type: research
Artificial intelligence, ethics, and hospital medicine: Addressing challenges to ethical norms and patient ‐centered care
(Source: Journal of Hospital Medicine)
Source: Journal of Hospital Medicine - April 23, 2024 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Micah Prochaska,
David Alfandre Tags: PERSPECTIVES IN HOSPITAL MEDICINE Source Type: research
Parents ’ tacit knowledge of their child with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: A qualitative study
. (Source: Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability)
Source: Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability - April 23, 2024 Category: Disability Authors: Kasper KruithofMaartje HoogesteynsIlse Zaal-SchullerSylvia HuismanDick WillemsAppolonia Nieuwenhuijsea Department of Ethics, Law & Humanities, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsb Department of Paediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, A Source Type: research
Photobiomodulation in the treatment of palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia: a randomised controlled clinical study protocol
The objective of this protocol will be to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in reducing PPE induced by capecitabine and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy.
Methods and analysis
This will be a randomised controlled, double-blind, double-centre clinical trial (Centro Asistencial del Sindicato Médico del Uruguay and Instituto Nacional del Cáncer from Uruguay). The sample population (40 individuals) will be divided into two groups: group 1 will receive moisturising cream plus PBM treatment and group 2 moisturising cream plus PBM sham treatment, at the ratio of 1:1. PBM will be performed at 630 nm two times per week in palmo...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lestido, V., Rodriguez, F., Rodriguez, A., Pombo, V., Barrios, R., Pavani, C. Tags: Open access, Oncology Source Type: research
REporting quality of PilOt randomised controlled trials in surgery (REPORTS): a methodological survey protocol
Introduction
The aim of this methodological review is to evaluate the completeness of reporting of surgical pilot and feasibility randomised trials as per the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials. Moreover, we aim to assess for the presence of spin reporting and inconsistency between abstract and main text reporting in surgical pilot and feasibility randomised trials.
Methods and analysis
A comprehensive, electronic search strategy will be used to identify studies indexed in Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) dat...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: McKechnie, T., Kazi, T., Wang, A., Zhang, S., Thabane, A., Nanji, K., Doumouras, A. G., Eskicioglu, C., Thabane, L., Parpia, S., Bhandari, M. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology Source Type: research
Safety of different concentrations of glycerine enema for meconium evacuation in preterm infants: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
This study protocol is for a single-centre, two-arm, parallel-group, double-blind and non-inferiority randomised controlled trial. Participants will be recruited from a NICU in a teriary class A hospital in China, and eligible infants will be randomly allocated to either the glycerine (mL): saline (mL) group in a 3:7 ratio or the 1:9 ratio group. The enema procedure will adhere to the standardised operational protocols. Primary outcomes encompass necrotising enterocolitis and rectal bleeding, while secondary outcomes encompass feeding parameters, meconium passage outcomes and splanchnic regional oxygen saturation. Analyses...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Li, X., Liu, C., Zhang, J., Yu, Q., Guo, X., Hu, Y., Shi, J. Tags: Open access, Intensive care Source Type: research
The Birth and Beyond (BABY) study: protocol for a birth cohort study investigating the social and environmental determinants of pregnancy-related outcomes in Black American families
Introduction
In the USA, Black birthing people and infants experience disproportionately worse pregnancy-related health outcomes. The causes for these disparities are unknown, but evidence suggests that they are likely socially and environmentally based. Efforts to identify the determinants of these racial disparities are urgently needed to elucidate the highest priority targets for intervention. The Birth and Beyond (BABY) study evaluates how micro-level (eg, interpersonal and family) and macro-level (eg, neighbourhood and environmental) risk and resiliency factors transact to shape birth person-infant health, and underly...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lin, B., Middleton, R. R., Terefe, B., Appleton, A. A., Feingold, B. J., Lynch, T., Pieterse, A. L., Rogers, R., Armah, A. E., Bierce, L. F., Flagg, A. M., McCarthy, S. Tags: Open access, Public health Source Type: research
Protocol for a prospective multicentre cohort study to address the question whether diabetes and its management is still a risk factor in fast-track joint arthroplasty
Introduction
Perioperative glycaemic control is important. However, the complexity of guidelines for perioperative diabetes management is complicated due to different and novel antihyperglycaemic medications, limited procedure-specific data and lack of data from implemented fast-track regimens which otherwise are known to reduce morbidity and glucose homeostasis disturbances. Consequently, outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) after surgery and the influence of perioperative diabetes management on postoperative recovery remains poorly understood.
Methods and analysis
A prospective observational multicentre study...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Issa, L. M., Kehlet, H., Madsbad, S., Lindberg-Larsen, M., Varnum, C., Jakobsen, T., Andersen, M. R., Bieder, M. J., Overgaard, S., Hansen, T. B., Gromov, K., Jorgensen, C. C. Tags: Open access, Diabetes and Endocrinology Source Type: research
Self-directed digital interventions for the improvement of emotion regulation--effectiveness for mental health and functioning in adolescents: protocol for a systematic review
Introduction
Research suggests that problems with emotion regulation, that is, how a person manages and responds to an emotional experience, are related to a range of psychological disorders (eg, bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression). Interventions targeting emotion regulation have been shown to improve mental health in adults, but evidence on related interventions for adolescents is still emerging. Increasingly, self-directed digital interventions (eg, mobile apps) are being developed to target emotion regulation in this population, but questions remain about their effectiveness. This systematic review aimed to synthe...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Thomson, A., Lawrence, E. G., Oliver, B. R., Wright, B., Hosang, G. M. Tags: Open access, Mental health Source Type: research
Prevalence and social determinants of anxiety and depression among adults in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Introduction
Anxiety and depression pose a significant global health challenge, especially affecting adults in low-income and middle-income countries. In many low-income and middle-income countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa, social determinants such as access to affordable health services, conflict, food insecurity, and poverty may be associated with the prevalence of anxiety and depression, further contributing to health disparities. To mitigate the burden of anxiety and depression in sub-Saharan Africa, it is essential to develop country-level tailored mental health policies and strategies. For example, Ghan...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Awortwe, V., Daivadanam, M., Adjorlolo, S., Olsson, E. M., Coumoundouros, C., Woodford, J. Tags: Open access, Mental health Source Type: research
Infection and telomere length: a systematic review protocol
Introduction
Telomeres are a measure of cellular ageing with potential links to diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Studies have shown that some infections may be associated with telomere shortening, but whether an association exists across all types and severities of infections and in which populations is unclear. Therefore we aim to collate available evidence to enable comparison and to inform future research in this field.
Methods and analysis
We will search for studies involving telomere length and infection in various databases including MEDLINE (Ovid interface), EMBASE (Ovid interface), Web of Scien...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Tunnicliffe, L., Muzambi, R., Bartlett, J. W., Howe, L., Abdul Basit, K., Warren-Gash, C. Tags: Open access, Epidemiology Source Type: research
VaNoLaH trial: a study protocol--a multinational randomised controlled trial including two identical substudies comparing vaginal versus vNOTES (vaginal natural orifice transluminal surgery) hysterectomy or laparoscopic versus vNOTES hysterectomy
Introduction
Hysterectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed in women. Minimally invasive methods are on the rise globally as they have been shown to decrease surgical morbidity compared with abdominal hysterectomy. Hysterectomy by vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is the latest innovation. It combines the vaginal approach and endoscopy via the vagina. Large pragmatic randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are lacking comparing outcomes after vNOTES, vaginal hysterectomy (VH) and laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH).
Methods
Multicentre pragmatic RCT aiming to recruit 1000 women aged 18&nd...
Source: BMJ Open - April 23, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Baekelandt, J. F., Stuart, A., Wagenius, J., Laenen, A., Mol, B. W., Deprest, J., Bosteels, J. J. A. Tags: Open access, Obstetrics & Gynaecology Obstetrics and gynaecology Source Type: research
Patient vulnerability in stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR): a preliminary ethical appraisal from the STOPSTORM.eu consortium
AbstractThis preliminary ethical appraisal from the STOPSTORM.eu consortium is meant to raise critical points that clinicians administering stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation should consider to meet the highest standards in medical ethics and thus promote quality of life of patients recruited for radiotherapy treatments at a stage in which they experience a significant degree of vulnerability. (Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie)
Source: Strahlentherapie und Onkologie - April 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Professionalization of Clinical Ethics Consultants: A Need for Liability Protection?
AbstractClinical Ethics Consultation (CEC) has grown significantly in the last decade, and efforts are being made to professionalize the practice. The American Society for Bioethics and Humanities (ASBH) has been instrumental in this process, having published theCode of Ethics and Professional Responsibilities for Healthcare Ethics Consultants and founded and endorsed the creation of theHealthcare Ethics Consultant Certified (HCEC) Certification Commission. The ASBH also published “core competencies” for healthcare ethics consultants and has delineated a clear identity and role of such consultants distinct from that ot...
Source: HEC Forum - April 23, 2024 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
