Telithromycin versus clarithromycin for the treatment of community-acquired respiratory tract infections: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
CONCLUSIONS: Our fndings indicate that oral telithromycin and clarithromycin have similar treatment efficacy and adverse effect. The advantages of lower antimicrobial resistance rates, once-daily short-duration dosing and reported lower health-care costs make oral telithromycin a useful option for the empiric management of mild-to-moderate RTIs.
PMID: 23769580 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Medical Journal)
Source: Chinese Medical Journal - June 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Li XM, Wang FC, Yang F, Jin YH Tags: Chin Med J (Engl) Source Type: research
Methylation of 23S rRNA nucleotide G748 by RlmAII methyltransferase renders Streptococcus pneumoniae telithromycin-susceptible.
Abstract
Several post-transcriptional modifications of bacterial ribosomal RNAs are important in determining antibiotic resistance or sensitivity. In all gram-positive bacteria, dimethylation of nucleotide at A2058 in domain V of 23S rRNA by a dimethyltransferase Erm(B) results in low susceptibility and resistance to telithromycin (TEL). However, this is insufficient to produce high-level resistance to TEL in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Inactivation of a methyltransferase RlmA(II), which methylates N1 position of a nucleotide at G748 in hairpin 35 of domain II of 23S rRNA, results in increased resistance to ...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - May 28, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Takaya A, Sato Y, Shoji T, Yamamoto T Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research
Cethromycin: a new ketolide antibiotic.
CONCLUSIONS: Cethromycin appears to be a promising ketolide for the treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia. It was denied approval by the FDA in 2009 pending more evidence to show its efficacy, with more recent studies showing its noninferiority to antibiotics for the same indication.
PMID: 23463743 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy)
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - March 1, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mansour H, Chahine EB, Karaoui LR, El-Lababidi RM Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research
Implication of hepatic transporters (MDR1 and MRP2) in inflammation‐associated idiosyncratic drug‐induced hepatotoxicity investigated by microvolume cytometry
Abstract
Idiosyncratic drug‐induced hepatotoxicity accounts for about 13% of all cases of acute liver failure, therefore cited as the most frequent reason for post‐marketing drug withdrawal. Despite this, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood due to lack in adequate screening assays and predictive in vitro models. Hepatic transporters play a crucial role in the absorption, distribution, and elimination of both endogenous substrates and xenobiotics. Defects in transporter function can lead to altered drug disposition, including toxicity and loss of efficacy. Inflammation is one condition for demonstrated va...
Source: Cytometry Part A - February 11, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lea Saab, Jean Peluso, Christian D. Muller, Genevieve Ubeaud‐Sequier Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Solithromycin Inhibition of Protein Synthesis and Ribosome Biogenesis in Staphylococus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae.
Abstract
The continuing increase in antibiotic resistant microorganisms is driving the search for new antibiotic targets and improved antimicrobial agents. Ketolides are next generation semi-synthetic derivatives of macrolide antibiotics, which are effective against certain resistant organisms. Solithromycin (CEM-101) is a novel fluoroketolide with improved antimicrobial effectiveness. This compound binds to the large 50S subunit of the ribosome and inhibits protein biosynthesis. Like other ketolides, it should impair bacterial ribosomal subunit formation. This mechanism of action was examined in strains o...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - January 14, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rodgers W, Frazier AD, Champney WS Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research
Telithromycin: Kounis syndrome: case report
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - January 12, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Designs of optimized microbial therapy systems of respiratory infections.
Abstract
Several respiratory infections are frequently induced by pathogenic microorganisms in lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and alveolar macrophages (AM). Then, two studies concerning designs of antimicrobial therapy systems of respiratory infections were carried out; one was the distribution mechanisms of three macrolide and ketolide antibiotics, clarithromycin (CAM), azithromycin (AZM) and telithromycin (TEL) in plasma, ELF and AM, and the other was the efficient drug delivery to AM by pulmonary administration of fluoroquinolone antibiotic, a ciprofloxacin (CPFX) incorporated into liposomes (CPFX-l...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - January 11, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Morimoto K Tags: Yakugaku Zasshi Source Type: research
