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Preoperative Planning for ACL Revision Surgery
The number of patients undergoing revision surgery following failure of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has increased over the recent past, following the overall increased number of primary ACL reconstruction performed. Failure of primary ACL reconstruction can be attributed to technical errors, biological failures, or new traumatic injuries. Technical errors include femoral and/or tibial tunnels malposition, untreated associated ligaments insufficiencies, uncorrected lower limb malalignment, and graft fixation failures. Candidates for revision surgery should be carefully selected, and the success of ACL re...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - January 4, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Why Do Patellofemoral Stabilization Procedures Fail? Keys to Success
In recent years, surgical interventions for patellofemoral joint instability have gained popularity, possibly revitalized by the recent advances in our understanding of patellofemoral joint instability and the introduction of a number of new surgical procedures. This rise in surgical intervention has brought about various complications. In this review article, we present the complications that are associated with 5 main surgical procedures to stabilize the patella-medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, tibial tubercle osteotomy, trochleoplasty, lateral release/lateral retinacular lengthening, and derotation osteoto...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - January 4, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Digital Exclusive Source Type: research

Failure of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation
Long-term results of autologous chondrocyte implantation and matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation in the knee are satisfying, but not enough attention has been paid to the evaluation of failures. Thus, a systematic review of the literature was performed, underlining a failure rate in the 58 included articles of 14.9% among 4294 patients, most of them occurring in the first 5 years after surgery, and with no difference between autologous chondrocyte implantation and matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Failures are very heterogenously defined in the current literature. A widely accepted ...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - January 4, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Failure of Bone Marrow Stimulation Techniques
Marrow stimulation techniques, including microfracture, are among the most commonly performed cartilage restoration procedures for symptomatic chondral defects of the knee. For the vast majority of patients, marrow stimulation results in reduced pain and improved function, providing overall satisfactory outcomes. In some cases, however, marrow stimulation fails, resulting in symptom recurrence and often, the need for repeat surgery. This review will describe the indications and outcomes of microfracture as a primary surgical treatment for focal chondral defects of the knee, identify patient and procedure-specific factors a...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - January 4, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Revision Surgery of the Knee
No abstract available (Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review)
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - January 4, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Subject Index.
No abstract available (Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review)
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Subject Index: PDF Only Source Type: research

Author Index.
No abstract available (Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review)
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Author Index: PDF Only Source Type: research

Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in the Adolescent Athlete
With the recent increase in youth sports participation and single-sport youth athletes over the past 30 years, there has been an increase in the number of acute and overuse sports injuries in this population. This review focuses on overuse and traumatic injuries of the shoulder and elbow in young athletes. In particular we discuss little league shoulder, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, glenohumeral instability, superior labrum anterior posterior lesions, Little League elbow, Panner disease, osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum, posteromedial elbow impingement, and posterolateral rotatory instability of the e...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Femoroacetabular Impingement: A Review
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is one of the most researched conditions in sports medicine today. FAI occurs due to abnormal morphology and subsequently contact between the proximal femur and the acetabulum. With repetitive loading, this femoroacetabular mismatch can be a source of labral and chondral injuries. FAI is more prevalent in the athletic population, particularly those athletes who participated in high level activities at a younger age. If nonoperative management is failed, surgical treatment is often done arthroscopically and with good results. This review attempts to provide an overview of the pathophysiolo...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Digital Exclusive Source Type: research

Review of Pediatric Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
Pediatric spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis present with a wide spectrum of pathology and clinical findings, including back pain, leg pain, crouch gait, or neurological deficit. The treatment of spondylolysis alone is typically conservative with bracing, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and activity restriction, but refractory pain can be successfully surgically managed with intralaminar compression screw, wires, or pedicle screws with rods and laminar hook constructs. The treatment of dysplastic spondylolisthesis is aggressive to prevent neurological deficit, whereas even high-grade isthmic slips can be treated saf...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Unique Issues in the Rehabilitation of the Pediatric and Adolescent Athlete After Musculoskeletal Injury
Youth sports participation is on the rise, resulting in an increase in sports-related injuries in the pediatric and adolescent population. The presentation of injury, pathology, and disease in this younger population is often unique and may require customize and novel medical and rehabilitation interventions to optimize the outcome. The purpose of this review is to highlight unique considerations in the rehabilitation management of the pediatric and adolescent athlete. General guidelines for progression of this population through a criteria-based rehabilitation program with a focus on a systematic return to sport algorithm...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Ankle Injuries in the Pediatric Athlete
Foot and ankle injuries are the second most common reason for young athletes to present to a primary care physician, and account for up to 30% of visits to sports medicine clinics in this population. Heightened performance expectations placed on today’s young athletes have led to intense training and competition demands. With increasing rates of sport participation among children and adolescents, it is important for treating physicians to have an understanding of the evaluation and management of ankle injuries seen in the pediatric athlete. In treating young athletes it is important to keep in mind the unique development...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients Using Quadriceps Tendon Autograft
We describe a technique which adapts the Allen Anderson technique for all-inside, all-epiphyseal, anatomic ACL reconstruction. However, this technique uses a novel quadriceps tendon—patellar bone—autograft to provide the best-possible patient outcomes. ACL reconstruction advancement in pediatrics is important as an increasing number of adolescent athletes experience ACL rupture and desire to return to sport. (Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review)
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Overuse Injuries in the Pediatric Population
Athletic overuse injuries are becoming an increasingly common entity in the active pediatric population. The prevalence of these injuries may be attributed to the combination of an underdeveloped musculoskeletal system, increased participation in competitive sport at a younger age, and increased duration and intensity of training. Many of these injuries may go unreported and/or undiagnosed, as they do not all result in time lost from sports, and are not always appreciated on imaging. Left unrecognized, untreated, or poorly managed, overuse injuries can have long-term health consequences for young athletes. The purpose of t...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Patellofemoral Pain and Instability in Adolescent Athletes
Injuries and disorders of the patellofemoral joint in the adolescent athlete can encompass a wide spectrum of symptomatology and pathology. Anterior knee pain is a common presenting symptom in sports medicine clinics, and can have numerous underlying etiologies. This activity-related pain may be the manifestation of enthesopathy, tendinopathy, fat pad impingement, or numerous other conditions, but is more commonly related to more subtle skeletal and muscular imbalances. Treatment is typically nonoperative in nature, and excellent results are reported with physical therapy. Patellofemoral instability usually has a more dram...
Source: Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review - November 10, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research