The effects of transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation on cognition in healthy individuals: A meta-analysis.
Objective: Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) may benefit cognition in healthy adults but may differentially affect specific domains of cognitive function. Currently, optimal stimulation parameters of taVNS have yet to be identified and the overall effectiveness of this approach remains unclear. Method: A literature review and random effects meta-analysis evaluated the effects of taVNS on cognitive performance outcomes across domains of function and outcome metrics (accuracy and response times). Subgroup meta-analyses and meta-regression models explored the moderating effects of stimulation parameters...
Source: Neuropsychology - May 27, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuropsychology of COVID-19: Anticipated cognitive and mental health outcomes.
Conclusions: There are few studies examining cognitive outcomes in COVID-19. This review argues that neuropsychological sequelae are to be expected in patients with COVID-19. Considerations for clinicians working with this unique population are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 27, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Predictors of cognitive decline in a multi-racial sample of midlife women: A longitudinal study.
Conclusions: Our study results highlight racial disparities in cognition during midlife. Depressive symptoms may be particularly detrimental to the cognitive health of African Americans. Clinical and public health interventions for healthy cognitive aging should be tailored to the unique risks of racial groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Detecting simulated versus bona fide traumatic brain injury using pupillometry.
Conclusions: Taken together, these findings provide strong support for multimethod assessment: adding unique performance assessments such as biometrics to standard accuracy scores. Continued study of pupillometry will enhance the identification of simulators who are not detected by traditional performance validity test scoring metrics. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 20, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cognitive exergame training and transcranial random noise stimulation effects on executive control in healthy young adults.
Conclusions: These findings reveal better performance in both tasks with independent effects of the two techniques. Using noninvasive brain stimulation and exergame training may be a viable strategy to increase motor response speed and improve executive control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 17, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
“Anosognosia for prospective and retrospective memory deficits: Assessment and theoretical considerations": Correction to Chapman et al. (2019).
Conclusion: A total of 30% of the patients were deemed unaware of their memory deficits. Patients were less aware of their prospective (29%) than their retrospective memory difficulties (18%). The new method of assessment provided by the VATAmem reduced possible false positives and enhanced reliability. We conclude that careful consideration of methodology is a key step to interpreting anosognosia findings within a theoretical framework. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction to Scarpina et al. (2020).
Conclusions: The movement of the unaffected hand induced a bimanual coupling effect on the movement of the affected one only when the visual input was available. In absence of a visual feedback, the aberrant proprioceptive information might preclude the emerging of bimanual coupling, even in the case of a preserved motor intentionality and planning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Consecutive and temporally distant perseverations after right brain damage: A prospective study.
Conclusions: The present study showed that return perseverations might have a distinct etiology from consecutive ones, being related to an inability to update and shift between action programs according to the visual stimuli. A finer classification of perseverations could help in unveiling the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying each type of behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cognitive impairment profile in adolescent early-onset psychosis using the MATRICS Battery: Age and sex effects.
Conclusions: This study provides a MCCB performance profile in EOP, stratified by age and sex, relative to adolescent standardized scores. The results can be used to improve cognitive remediation strategies and subsequent functional outcome, in adolescent EOP and related clinical populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neonatal amygdala volumes and the development of self-regulation from early infancy to toddlerhood.
Conclusions: Neonatal amygdala volume is associated with working memory, particularly among girls, and the association is observed earlier than in prior studies. Moreover, our findings suggest that the neural correlates for parent-reported, compared to observed early life SR, may differ. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Associations between visual hallucinations and impaired visuo-spatial abilities in dementia with Lewy bodies.
Conclusions: In DLB impaired drawing and visual organization, but not copying ability is associated with the presence of VH. The simple clock drawing test can be helpful to alert a clinician to the possibility of VH in DLB. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Socioeconomic and psychosocial mechanisms underlying racial/ethnic disparities in cognition among older adults.
Conclusions: This study suggests that psychosocial factors may explain racial/ethnic disparities in cognitive aging above and beyond socioeconomic indicators. More external perceived control, which could reflect chronic exposure to interpersonal and institutional marginalization, may be a particularly salient psychosocial risk factor for poorer cognitive aging among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic older adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Periventricular and deep abnormal white matter differ in associations with cognitive performance at midlife.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that AWM contributes to poorer cognitive function in late-midlife. Examining only total AWM may obscure the potential differential impact of regional AWM. Separating total AWM into subtypes while controlling for current GCA revealed a dissociation in relationships with cognitive performance; deep AWM was associated with nonspecific cognitive ability whereas periventricular AWM was associated with specific frontal-related abilities and memory. Management of vascular or other risk factors that may increase the risk of AWM should begin during or before early late-midlife. (PsycInfo Database R...
Source: Neuropsychology - May 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Altruism in Parkinson’s disease.
Conclusions: This study was the first to examine altruistic decision-making in PD patients using both implicit and explicit measures. PD patients were neither overly generous nor egoistic in their decisions, although some disease and treatment characteristics may have a modest association with altruism in PD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - May 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Factor structure of the BDI-II in Parkinson’s disease.
Conclusions: This study supports the retention of a two-factor model of the BDI-II in PD. These unique clusters of depressive symptoms in PD can be used to guide clinical decisions about the need for further psychiatric evaluation and the appropriateness of different therapeutic interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
