Cardiovascular health and rate of cognitive decline in preclinical dementia: A 12-year population-based study.
Conclusions: VRFs exacerbate rate of cognitive decline in the years preceding a dementia diagnosis. This effect was most pronounced in young–old age and primarily driven by diet and glucose. The effect of VRFs may be especially detrimental for cognitive decline trajectories of individuals with impending dementia. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - February 8, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Error processing in young adulthood: Age-related differences in electrophysiology and behavioral performance.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the response strategies, both behavioral and neurocognitive, which would assure stable performance resembling adult levels, may still not be reached in the early 20s. Well-timed interventions could help reduce the impact of these tendencies by introducing strategies that provide more efficient performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - January 25, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
True and false memory priming of perceptual closure problems in healthy older adults and older adults with Alzheimer’s disease.
Conclusions: Our findings show when solving pictorial problems, for both older adults and people with AD false memories may not activate the appropriate representation in memory for solving a pictorial problems whereas actually presented items do. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - January 22, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Spatial attention modulation of the brain network involved in mental time travel.
Conclusions: As a result of the shift of spatial attention toward the left, the facilitation in having access to past events is associated with the inhibition of superior frontal gyrus in the left hemisphere, whereas the facilitation in projecting toward the Past may result from the activity modulation in right and left inferior parietal lobule. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - December 21, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The relationship between social cognitive processes and behavior changes in people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment or dementia using the Edinburgh Social Cognition Test (ESCoT).
Conclusions: The ESCoT was sensitive to social cognition impairments in people with aMCI/dementia and it relates to behavior change in aMCI/dementia unlike established tests. Different subtests of the ESCoT were related to different behavior changes. These findings suggest that the ESCoT may be a clinically valuable tool when examining social cognition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - December 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Capturing learning curves with the multiday Boston Remote Assessment of Neurocognitive Health (BRANCH): Feasibility, reliability, and validity.
Conclusions: Multiday BRANCH is a feasible, reliable, and valid cognitive measure that may be useful for identifying subtle changes in learning and memory processes in older adults. In the future, we will determine whether Multiday BRANCH is predictive of the presence of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Increased intraindividual variability in reaction time performance is associated with emerging cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired adults.
Conclusions: Increased variability in monthly RT may reflect subtle EF deficits and provide unique information about short-term cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Identifying and distinguishing cognitive profiles among virally suppressed people with HIV.
Conclusions: Cognitive profiles and their associated factors among PWH are heterogeneous, but learning/memory deficits were most common and self-reported mood, and cognitive/functional difficulties were most consistently related to profile membership. This heterogeneity in cognitive profiles and their correlates in PWH suggests that differing mechanisms contribute to cognitive deficits and, thus, underscores the need for personalized risk reduction and therapeutic strategies among PWH. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A diffusion decision model analysis of the cognitive effects of neurofeedback for ADHD.
Conclusions: NF seems to improve v, deficient in ADHD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Does early adversity predict executive functioning difficulties among undergraduates? Dissociations among self-report, performance, and EEG measures.
Conclusions: We consider multiple alternative explanations for why early adversity predicted self-reported executive functioning difficulties but not lab task performance or neural measures in the same sample. These findings may reflect a propensity for negative self-evaluation among those with early adverse experiences, leading to inflated estimates of their own executive function problems. Alternatively, the findings may indicate that the lab tasks are insufficient in tapping aspects of executive functions that are relevant outside the lab context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Replicating the classification accuracy of the Verbal Paired Associates and Visual Reproduction recognition trials as embedded performance validity tests.
Conclusions: Results largely support previous reports on the clinical utility of the VPA and VR as embedded PVTs. Sample-specific fluctuations in their classification accuracy warrant further research into the generalizability of the findings. Critical item analysis offers a cost-effective method for increasing confidence in the interpretation of the VPA recognition trial as a PVT. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Effects of aging on externally cued and internally driven uncertainty representations.
Conclusions: Collectively, these findings provide behavioral evidence of age-related disruptions to bottom-up (externally cued) and top-down (supporting internally driven mental representations) resources to process uncertainty and coordinate task-relevant action. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Catastrophizing is associated with excess cognitive symptom reporting after mild traumatic brain injury.
Conclusions: Catastrophizing is associated with misperceptions of cognitive functioning following mTBI, specifically overreporting cognitive symptoms relative to neuropsychological performance. Symptom catastrophizing may be an important determinant of cognitive symptom reporting months after mTBI. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Parental warmth, stressful life events, and impulsivity: A gene–environment-wide interaction study.
Conclusions: This was the first gene–environment-wide interaction study of impulsivity. Future studies should replicate our results and explore the underlying mechanisms of these interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - November 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Working memory and math skills in children with and without ADHD.
Neuropsychology, Vol 38(1), Jan 2024, 1-16; doi:10.1037/neu0000920Objective: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently demonstrate deficits in working memory and in multiple domains of math skills, including underdeveloped problem-solving and computation skills. The Baddeley model of working memory posits a multicomponent system, including a domain-general central executive and two domain-specific subsystems—phonological short-term memory and visuospatial short-term memory. Extant literature indicates a strong link between neurocognitive deficits in working/short-term memory and math skills...
Source: Neuropsychology - November 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
