Impact of word properties on list learning: An explanatory item analysis.
Conclusions: Results demonstrate that list learning performance depends on factors beyond the repetition of words. Identification of item factors that predict learning could extend to a range of test development problems including translation, form equating, item revision, and item bias. In data harmonization efforts, these methods can also be used to help link tests via shared item features and testing of whether these features are equally explanatory across samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Visuospatial working memory in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Characterizing path length and path crossings as mechanisms of impairment.
Conclusions: Overall, findings appear to suggest that school-aged children engage in dynamic rehearsal of VS information (i.e., mental rehearsal of path sequences), rather than static rehearsal (i.e., rehearsal of a gestalt). Moreover, ADHD-related VS-WM deficits are most likely to yield real-world impairments when information is presented with relatively long path lengths. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Academic skills after brain injury: A lifespan perspective.
This study investigated academic skills outcomes after brain injury and identified the influence of age and injury factors across the lifespan. Method: Our sample included 651 participants with focal brain lesions. Math, reading, and spelling data from the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) were used as the academic skills outcomes. Age of lesion onset ranged from 0 to 85 years old. Linear regressions were conducted to identify the relation between age and injury factors and academic skills outcomes. Lesion-symptom mapping was conducted to identify the brain areas that, when lesioned, were associated with deficits in acade...
Source: Neuropsychology - April 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and clinical correlates of affective and cognitive theory of mind in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis.
Conclusions: These findings clarify the neuropsychological and clinical features that explain ToM deficits in PD. Possibly, our results suggest the need to explore the complex neural networks involving frontostriatal and temporoparietal circuits behind changes in social cognition in PD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Are working memory models WEIRD? Testing models of working memory in a non-WEIRD sample.
Conclusions: Neuropsychological tests and rehabilitation approaches are based on leading models of working memory, and so their cross-cultural appropriateness is important. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Emotion lateralization in a graduated emotional chimeric face task: An online study.
Conclusions: The results provide further support for the RH hypothesis and suggest that the RH dominance in emotional face perception may be affected by task difficulty and visual perception strategy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cogniphobia and neuropsychological functioning in migraine.
The objective of the present study was to demonstrate associations between cogniphobia and key fear–avoidance constructs. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 72 adults with migraine were recruited from a tertiary headache center. Patients completed the Cogniphobia Scale for Headache Disorders (CS-HD) and a series of self-reported surveys and neuropsychological measures that assessed patient demographics, migraine diagnosis and headache characteristics, current pain severity, emotional state (i.e., anxiety, pain-related fear, and depression), cognitive exertion, and functioning (self-reported disability, self-reported ...
Source: Neuropsychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Back to the drawing board—The relationship between self-report and neuropsychological tests of cognitive flexibility in clinical cohorts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Conclusion: Based on our results, it is clear that the two assessment approaches of cognitive flexibility provide independent information—they do not assess the same construct. These findings have important ramifications for future research and clinical practice—there is a need to reconsider what constructs self-report and neuropsychological tests of “cognitive flexibility” actually assess, and avoid the interchangeable use of these assessments in clinical samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Investigating the diagnostic accuracy of a paper-and-pencil and a computerized cognitive test battery for pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.
Conclusions: Current results suggest similar modest diagnostic accuracy for computerized and paper-and-pencil batteries across multiple pmTBI phases. Moreover, findings suggest the total number of impairments may be more clinically useful than any single test or cognitive domain in terms of diagnostic accuracy at both assessment points. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Better cognitive function predicts maintenance of dual-task walking ability over time among people with relapsing-remitting MS.
Objective: Physical fitness and preserved cognitive function may provide neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis (MS), but few studies have examined their role in symptom progression over time. Dual-task paradigms can be useful to detect subtle impairment among people with MS in early stages of the disease. The present study investigated whether higher aerobic fitness or greater cognitive function could predict performance in dual-task walking 1–2 years later among people with mild or no MS-related walking impairment. Method: Participants (n = 50) performed dual-task walking (walking while serially subtracting 7’s from 1...
Source: Neuropsychology - April 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Intraindividual variability in neuropsychological performance predicts longitudinal cortical volume loss in early Parkinson’s disease.
Conclusion: Our results provide initial evidence that IIV is a marker of longitudinal cortical volume loss. Evidence is building that IIV is a sensitive marker of cognitive impairment and the underlying neurodegeneration among individuals with PD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The brain correlates of state proactive aggression.
Conclusion: The results provide preliminary evidence of neural correlates for state proactive aggression and should be replicated by other methods or with other samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Changes in emotion processing in early Parkinson’s disease reflect disease progression.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that alterations in emotional processing reflect disease progression in early PD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - April 4, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Central executive training for ADHD: Effects on academic achievement, productivity, and success in the classroom.
Conclusions: Results across the two trials provide strong support for the efficacy of CET for ADHD, and are consistent with model-driven hypotheses that academic difficulties in ADHD are due, in part, to these children’s underdeveloped executive functioning abilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - March 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Latent, genetic, and molecular genetic structure of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.
Conclusions: This study highlighted similarities in the phenotypic and genetic structures of the WCST, suggesting one general factor underlying different cognitive functions. The BDNF Met + genotype showed significant main effects on different WCST measures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Neuropsychology)
Source: Neuropsychology - March 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
