Left Atrial Septal Pouch—Is it Really a New Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke?: Subanalysis of the ASSAM Study
Purpose:
The atrial septal pouch is an anatomic variant of the interatrial septum caused by incomplete fusion of the septum primum and secundum. It is debatable whether coexistence of septal pouch and atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of stroke. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate the coexistence of left atrial septal pouch (LASP) and AF in patients with a history of stroke in comparison with those without an earlier history of stroke.
Materials and Methods:
We analyzed 145 patients with AF (68 in the study group, 77 in the control group). The study group consisted of patients with previous stro...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
CheXED: Comparison of a Deep Learning Model to a Clinical Decision Support System for Pneumonia in the Emergency Department
Conclusions:
A deep learning model demonstrated higher agreement with radiologists than the ePNa CDSS in detecting radiographic pneumonia and related findings. Incorporating deep learning models into pneumonia CDSS could enhance diagnostic performance and improve pneumonia management. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Diagnostic Accuracy and Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Lung Nodules in Patients With Complex Lung Disease: A Noninferiority Study
Conclusion:
In a group of patients with complex lung disease, the sensitivity of AI is similar to an experienced radiologist and the tool helps detect previously missed nodules. AI also helps experts analyze for lung nodules faster and more confidently, a feature that is beneficial to patients and favorable to hospitals due to increased patient load and need for shorter turnaround times. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Radiopaque Recreations of Lung Pathologies From Clinical Computed Tomography Images Using Potassium Iodide Inkjet 3-dimensional Printing: Proof of Concept
Conclusion:
The 3D printing method presented in this work facilitates creation of CT-realistic reproductions of lung cancer and parenchymal disease from individual patient scans with microbiological and pathology confirmation. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Chest Computed Tomography Features of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease Versus Asymptomatic Colonization: A Cross-sectional Cohort Study
Background:
Asymptomatic colonization by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) found in sputum isolates are commonly encountered and clinicians lack a biomarker for prognosticating the risk of transition asymptomatic colonization to active clinical disease. Chest computed tomography (CT) imaging is commonly obtained in this patient population and may serve a role for this purpose.
Methods:
We conducted a single-center, cross-sectional study of patients followed in the NTM clinic at our center between August 2019 and August 2020. All patients had a history of NTM isolated from their airways and were cohorted as eithe...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
COVID-19 in Kidney Transplant Recipient and Waitlist Patients: Implications of Chest Radiographic Severity Score
Purpose:
To evaluate the chest radiographic severity score (CXR-SS) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who are kidney transplant recipients compared with patients on the waitlist.
Study Design and Methods:
This retrospective cohort includes 78 kidney transplant recipients (50 men, mean age 59.9±11.9 y) and 59 kidney transplant waitlist patients (33 men, mean age 58.8±10.8 y) diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 15 and May 30, 2020 with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Patient chest radiographs were divided into 6 zones and examined for consolidation. Primary outcome was morta...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Emerging Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosing Myocarditis: A Blunder or The Way To Get the Problem Sorted?
Acute myocarditis is a disease affecting the myocardial tissue, which is caused by infections, rheumatic diseases, especially sarcoidosis, or certain therapies. Its diagnosis may be difficult, owing to its variable clinical presentation. In this setting, cardiac magnetic resonance plays a pivotal role in detecting myocardial inflammation through qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative parameters, in particular with the new quantitative techniques such as T1 and T2 mapping, combined or not with late gadolinium enhancement evaluation. This is in accordance with the revised Lake Louise criteria. In this review, the em...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Web Exclusive Content: Review Article Source Type: research
Using Deep Learning Segmentation for Endotracheal Tube Position Assessment
Conclusion:
The U-NET model had excellent reliability and performance similar to radiologists in assessing ETT-carina distance. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Semiquantitative Chest Computed Tomography Assessment Identifies Expiratory Central Airway Collapse in Symptomatic Military Personnel Deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan
Conclusions:
Findings suggest that ECAC is common in symptomatic southwest Asia deployers. Chest high-resolution CT with dynamic expiration may provide an insight into the causes of dyspnea in this population, although risk factors for ECAC remain to be determined. A standardized semiquantitative approach to CT-based assessment of ECAC should improve reliable diagnosis in dyspneic patients. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Head-to-head Comparison of Qualitative Radiologist Assessment With Automated Quantitative Computed Tomography Analysis for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Conclusions:
In the CT diagnosis of BOS, qualitative expert radiologist interpretation was noninferior to quantitative PRM. The highest level of diagnostic performance was achieved by the combination of quantitative PRM measurements with qualitative image feature assessments. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Detection and Classification of Bronchiectasis Through Convolutional Neural Networks
Conclusion:
The developed networks accurately detect and classify bronchiectasis disease, allowing to collect quantitative information regarding the radiologic severity and the topographical distribution of bronchiectasis subtype. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Radiologist-supervised Transfer Learning: Improving Radiographic Localization of Pneumonia and Prognostication of Patients With COVID-19
Conclusions:
Radiologist-supervised transfer learning can enhance the ability of CNNs to localize and quantify the severity of disease. Closed-loop systems incorporating radiologists may be beneficial for continued improvement of artificial intelligence algorithms. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Differentiation of Pulmonary Lymphoma Manifestations and Nonlymphoma Infiltrates in Possible Invasive Fungal Disease Using Fast T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 T Comparison of Texture Analysis, Mapping, and Signal Intensity Quotients
Conclusions:
TA from fast T1w GRE images can differentiate pulmonary lymphoma manifestations and nonlymphoma infiltrates in possible invasive fungal disease with excellent diagnostic performance using the TA features variance, mean absolute deviation, robust mean absolute deviation, interquartile range, and minimum. Combining a fast T1w GRE sequence with TA seems to be a promising tool to differentiate these 2 entities noninvasively. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Thoracic Imaging Manifestations of Treated Lymphomas: Response Evaluation, Posttherapeutic Sequelae, and Complications
Lymphoma is the most common hematologic malignancy comprising a diverse group of neoplasms arising from multiple blood cell lineages. Any structure of the thorax may be involved at any stage of disease. Imaging has a central role in the initial staging, response assessment, and surveillance of lymphoma, and updated standardized assessment criteria are available to assist with imaging interpretation and reporting. Radiologists should be aware of the modern approaches to lymphoma treatment, the role of imaging in posttherapeutic surveillance, and manifestations of therapy-related complications. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 22, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Blastomycosis: The Great Pretender
Blastomycosis is an endemic fungal infection caused by Blastomyces, a soil-dwelling dimorphic fungus found predominantly in North America. In this pictorial essay, we illustrate the varied imaging features of blastomycosis along with a brief description of the epidemiology, clinical aspects, and differential diagnosis, emphasizing clues that can help radiologists arrive at this diagnosis. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - December 17, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Web Exclusive Content: Pictorial Essay Source Type: research
