Imaging of Cardiopulmonary Involvement in Systemic Immune-mediated Diseases: A Comprehensive Review
Systemic immune-mediated diseases (SID) are a large group of disorders characterized by complex inflammatory and autoimmune damage to various organs and tissues. Among the possible manifestations, SIDs may potentially involve each structure of the cardiopulmonary system. Each disease is characterized by a specific clinical presentation. Coronary artery disease, myocarditis, pericarditis, valvular disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and interstitial lung disease represent characteristic findings of cardiopulmonary involvement in these disorders and their prompt recognition is crucial for the diagnosis of SIDs and the ...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Web Exclusive Content: Review Article Source Type: research
The Potential Role of Radiogenomics in Precision Medicine for COVID-19
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Web Exclusive Content: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Visually Estimated RESOLVE Score Based on Coronary Computed Tomography to Predict Side Branch Occlusion in Percutaneous Bifurcation Intervention
Conclusions:
Visually estimated CTA-derived V-RESOLVE score is an accurate and easy-to-use prediction tool for the stratification of SB occlusion in coronary bifurcation intervention. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Left Ventricular Mass is Independently Related to Coronary Artery Atherosclerotic Burden: Feasibility of Cardiac Computed Tomography to Detect Early Geometric Left Ventricular Changes
This study sought to determine the potential association between coronary atherosclerosis and LVM.
Methods:
A total of 2384 consecutive patients, without structural heart disease or a medical history of CAD, undergoing prospective mid-diastolic electrocardiogram-gated computed tomography coronary angiography were enrolled in the study. LVM and LV mid-diastolic volume were measured using semiautomated software and indexed to body surface area. The average LV mid-diastolic wall thickness and concentricity index (LVM/LV mid-diastolic volume) were calculated. According to the Agatston Score, the patients were divided in...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Coronary Calcification in a Middle-aged Dutch Population: The ImaLife Study
Purpose:
To assess the presence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and its association with cardiovascular risk factors and Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) risk in a middle-aged Dutch population.
Methods:
Classic cardiovascular risk factors and CAC were analyzed in 4083 participants aged 45 to 60 years (57.9% women) from the population-based ImaLife study. CAC scores were quantified on noncontrast cardiac CT scans. Age-specific and sex-specific distribution of CAC categories (0, 1 to 99, 100 to 299, ≥300) and percentiles were determined. SCORE risk categories ( (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Coronary Artery Calcification on Thoracic Computed Tomography Is an Independent Predictor of Mortality in Patients With Bronchiectasis
Purpose:
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) on thoracic computed tomography (CT) can identify patients at risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality. However, the overlap between bronchiectasis and CAC severity for predicting subsequent outcomes is unknown.
Materials and Methods:
CT images from 362 patients (mean age 66±14 y, 38% male) with known bronchiectasis were assessed. Bronchiectasis severity was assessed using the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (0 to 4, mild; 5 to 8, moderate; and ≥9, severe). CAC was assessed with a visual ordinal score (0, none; 1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, severe) in each of the...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Assessment of Intramyocardial Fat Content Using Computed Tomography: Is There a Relationship With Obesity?
Conclusions:
Although CT is a theoretically appealing modality to assess fat content of the myocardium, we did not find a relationship between myocardial CT attenuation and obesity, or other cardiovascular risk factors. These findings suggest that the degree of myocardial fat accumulation in obesity or metabolic syndrome is too small to be detected with this modality. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Imaging of the Pericoronary Adipose Tissue (PCAT) Using Cardiac Computed Tomography: Modern Clinical Implications
Modern coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the gold standard to visualize the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT). The EAT is a metabolic active fat depot enclosed by the visceral pericardium and surrounds the coronary arteries. In disease states with increased EAT volume and dysfunctional adipocytes, EAT secretes an increased amount of adipocytokines and the resulting imbalance of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators potentially causes atherogenic effects on the coronary vessel wall in a paracrine way (“outside-to-inside” signaling). These EAT-induced atherog...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Potential Role of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Can It Help Clinicians in Making a Diagnosis?
This article presents an overview of the existing AI literature in cardiac magnetic resonance, with its strengths and limitations, recent applications, and promising developments. We conclude that AI is very likely be used in all the various process of diagnosis routine mode for cardiac care of patients. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Role of Imaging in Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction Using Endobronchial Valve: State of the Art Review
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is becoming one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. The National Emphysema Treatment Trial demonstrated that lung volume reduction surgery can improve pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life in select subgroups of patients with COPD. In recent years, few bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) procedures have undergone clinical trials with the goal of establishing an effective and safe alternative approach for reducing hyperinflation in patients with severe emphysema who are symptomatic despite optimal medical management, ...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - April 24, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Are We Missing the Opportunity to Measure Muscle Mass on Computed Tomography Thorax?
Hand grip strength (HGS) and fat free mass index (FFMI) are important indicators of skeletal muscle mass and correlate with prognosis in patients with respiratory diseases. It is also possible to estimate muscle mass by measuring muscle density and volume on cross sectional imaging. We reviewed all patients of the All Wales Cystic Fibrosis Centre who had a computed tomography thorax as part of routine clinical care between 2013 and 2017. By multiplying the volume and average Hounsfield units of the paraspinal muscles at T4 and T12 levels we were able to estimate the patients skeletal muscle mass. This was compared with the...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 28, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Web Exclusive Content: Research Letter Source Type: research
Cracking the Opium Den: Cardiothoracic Manifestations of Drug Abuse
Recreational drug use is increasing worldwide, with emergency room visits and total deaths from drug overdose rising in recent years. Complications from prescription and recreational drug use may result from the biochemical effects of the drugs themselves, impurities mixed with substances, or from causes related to the method of drug administration. The presentation of drug overdose may be complex due to multisubstance abuse, including cigarette smoking and alcoholism, and can impact any organ system. Patients may present without history, and radiologists may be the first clinicians to suggest the diagnosis. We aim to expl...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 28, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Web Exclusive Content: Review Article Source Type: research
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography in the Clinical Workflow of Athletes With Anomalous Origin of Coronary Arteries From the Contralateral Valsalva Sinus
This study aimed to assess the role of coronary computed tomography-angiography (CCTA) in the workflow of competitive sports eligibility in a cohort of athletes with anomalous origin of the left-coronary artery (AOLCA)/anomalous origin of the right-coronary artery (AORCA) in an attempt to outline relevant computed tomography features likely to impact diagnostic assessment and clinic management.
Materials and Methods:
Patients with suspected AOLCA/AORCA at transthoracic echocardiography or with inconclusive transthoracic echocardiography underwent CCTA to rule out/confirm and characterize the anatomic findings: parti...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 28, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Prevalence of Abnormal Coronary Findings on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Among Young Adults Presenting With Chest Pain
Conclusions:
Epicardial coronary stenosis is rarely the cause of chest pain among young adult patients presenting to the emergency department. Age and male sex were both risk factors for coronary artery stenosis/disease in this age group. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 28, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Prognostic Value of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography–derived Morphologic and Quantitative Plaque Markers Using Semiautomated Plaque Software
Conclusion:
The coronary computed tomography angiography–derived plaque markers of segment involvement score, total plaque volume, percentage aggregated plaque volume, and ΔCCO, and the risk scores exhibited predictive value for the occurrence of MACE and can likely aid in identifying patients at risk for future cardiac events. (Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging)
Source: Journal of Thoracic Imaging - February 28, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
