Techniques for in vivo serotonin detection in the brain: State of the art
We review state-of-art methods and techniques for detecting and quantifying serotonin in vivo within the brain, discussing their major advantages and limitations in terms of spatiotemporal resolution, selectivity, sensitivity, invasiveness, and accessibility. AbstractNeuronal circuits in the brain that utilize the neurotransmitter serotonin are essential to the regulation of mood and emotional expression. Disruptions in serotonin signaling underlie neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression and anxiety. However, the cellular mechanisms that regulate serotonergic signaling in the brain in healthy and diseased states rem...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 9, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Shuchang Zhao,
Kiryl D. Piatkevich Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
BACE1 SUMOylation deregulates phosphorylation and ubiquitination in Alzheimer's disease pathology
BACE1 is essential for the generation of A β that likely initiates the toxicity in AD. BACE1 activity is mainly regulated by post-translational modifications, but the relationship between these modifications is not fully characterized. We here demonstrate that SUMOylation of BACE1 inhibits its phosphorylation at S498 and its ubiquitination. Conversely, BACE1 phosphorylation at S498 suppresses its SUMOylation, which results in promoting BACE1 degradation. Furthermore, an increase in BACE1 SUMOylation is associated with the progression of AD pathology, while its phosphorylation and ubiquitination are decreased. Our findings...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 8, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yanna Zhao,
Hongyan Zhou,
Yan Zhao,
Zhen Liang,
Xiaokang Gong,
Jing Yu,
Tiantian Huang,
Chaoqin Yang,
Mengjuan Wu,
Yifan Xiao,
Youhua Yang,
Wei Liu,
Xiaochuan Wang,
Xiji Shu,
Jian Bao Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Ceftriaxone improves impairments in synaptic plasticity and cognitive behavior in APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting extrasynaptic NMDAR ‐STEP61 signaling
In conclusion, Cef improved synaptic plasticity and cognitive behavioral impairment in APP/PS1 AD mice by inhibiting the overactivation of extrasynaptic NMDAR and STEP61 cleavage due to extrasynaptic NMDAR activation. (Source: Journal of Neurochemistry)
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ruo ‐Bing He,
Li Li,
Li‐Zhe Liu,
Ya‐Jun Ma,
Shu‐Juan Fan,
Li‐Rong Liu,
Wen‐Bin Li,
Xiao‐Hui Xian Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
GABA promotes interstitial fluid clearance in an AQP4 ‐dependent manner by activating the GABAAR
The activation of the GABAAR by GABA facilitates interstitial penetration and promotes glymphatic drainage. This process is dependent on AQP4 and may be achieved by upregulating the expression and polarity distribution of AQP4, which enhances the permeability efficiency of AQP4. Our findings reveal that non-invasive cTBS can mimic the effects induced by GABA on glymphatic drainage, which is of particular interest. Moreover, our results provide crucial insights into the role of glymphatic dysfunction in various diseases. AQP4, aquaporin-4; cTBS, continuous theta burst stimulation; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; GABAAR, GABAA r...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Cheng Wu,
Qun Zhang,
Yi ‐Wei Feng,
Ni Zhang,
Qi Liu,
Zi‐Tong Ou,
Tuo Lin,
Qian Ding,
Ge Li,
Zhong Pei,
Yue Lan,
Guang‐Qing Xu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Characterizing microglial senescence: Tau as a key player
Although microglial senescence was shown to contribute to the development of tauopathies, no evidence exists for the effect of tau on microglial senescence. In the present study, we showed that exposure to monomeric tau can lead to senescence in primary microglia, illustrated by increased cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, loss of the nuclear envelope protein lamin B1 and the histone mark H3K9me3, impaired phagocytosis and migration, altered cell morphology, and formation of a SASP. As senescent cells were shown to negatively impact tau pathologies, the mechanism(s) by which monomeric tau induces senescence in microglia should...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Deniz Karabag,
Hannah Scheiblich,
Angelika Griep,
Francesco Santarelli,
Stephanie Schwartz,
Michael T. Heneka,
Christina Ising Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Aspects of degradation and translation of the expanded C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat RNA
An hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the non-cording region ofC9orf72 gene causes frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Bidirectional transcription of the repeat region produces sense and antisense expanded repeat containing RNAs. Transcribed repeat RNAs that escape proper degradation may themselves be neurotoxic. Moreover, unconventional translation of residual repeat RNA produces toxic dipeptide repeat proteins, further complicating pathophysiology. Here, we summarize molecular mechanism of degradation and translation of the repeat RNA. Such efforts will contribute to the elucidation of some aspects...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kohji Mori,
Shiho Gotoh,
Manabu Ikeda Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Bioinformatics ‐based analysis of mechanistic differences in vascular endothelial injury ischemic stroke induced by atrial fibrillation and atherosclerosis
This study aimed to investigate the mechanistic differences in endothelial injury between atrial fibrillation (AF)- and AS-induced ischemic stroke. All target genes of AF, AS, and the vascular endothelial cell (VC) were obtained from the GeneCards database; the differential genes of AF and AS separately associated with the VC were established by a Venn diagram. A protein –protein interaction network was created, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases were used to perform genomic enrichment and functional enrichment analysis. Hub genes were selected by Maximal Clique Centrality algorithm r...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - June 2, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jia Li,
Rui Yang,
Shenglin Wang,
Ziyi Shen,
Bowen Wu,
Yu Ren,
Sha Ke,
Guohui Jiang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
Front coverNeuron-restrictive silencer factor/repressor element 1 (RE1)-silencing transcription factor (NRSF/REST) is a transcriptional repressor of a large cluster of neural genes containing RE1 motifs in their promoter region. NRSF/REST is ubiquitously expressed in non-neuronal cells, including astrocytes, while it is downregulated during neuronal differentiation. While neuronal NRSF/REST homeostatically regulates intrinsic excitability and synaptic transmission, the role of the high NRSF/REST expression levels in the homeostatic functions of astrocytes is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the functional consequen...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 30, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Dissecting cell ‐type‐specific pathways in medial entorhinal cortical‐hippocampal network for episodic memory
The entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampus (HPC) play a crucial role in the formation and retrieval of episodic memories. Recent studies using cell-type-specific labeling, monitoring, and manipulation have demonstrated that medial EC (MEC) contains multiple excitatory neurons that have differential molecular markers, physiological properties, and anatomical features. In this review, we will comprehensively examine the complementary roles of superficial layers of neurons (II and III) and the roles of deeper layers (V and VI) in episodic memory formation and recall based on these recent findings. AbstractEpisodic memory, whi...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 30, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Hisayuki Osanai, Indrajith R. Nair, Takashi Kitamura Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
The phospho ‐regulated amphiphysin/endophilin interaction is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis
In this study, we set out to determine whether the Amph1 PRD and its interaction with endophilin A1 was essential for efficient SV endocytosis at typical small central synapses. To achieve this, domain-specific interactions of Amph1 were validated using in vitro GST pull-down assays, with the role of these interactions in SV endocytosis determined in molecular replacement experiments in primary neuronal culture. Using this approach, we confirmed important roles for CLAP and SH3 domain interactions of Amph1 in the control of SV endocytosis. Importantly, we identified the interaction site for endophilin A1 within the Amph1 P...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 28, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Christiana Kontaxi,
Nawon Kim,
Michael A. Cousin Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Associations of circulating metabolites with cerebral white matter hyperintensities
This study found that the majority of lipoprotein subclasses and lipid concentration are strongly associated with WMH volume, and several non-lipid-related traits such as Gly, MUFA, and degree of unsaturation present certain effects on WMH. In addition, the results revealed the sex and age specificities indicating the distinct metabolomic features impact WMH in diverse individuals. These results demonstrated the power of detailed metabolite profiling for biomarker discovery, which can yield an improved molecular understanding of disease mechanisms. AbstractWhite matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the most compelling risk fa...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 25, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yan Sun,
Yu Guo,
Hong ‐Qi Li,
Lan Tan,
Jian‐Feng Feng,
Wei Cheng,
Jin‐Tai Yu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
Front coverThe race is ongoing to identify the still unknown GABAergic neurons that mediate the direct effects of leptin on energy homeostasis. However, does that one population really exist? Or is it the combination of many neurons, acting in a wide network to differentially control the various effects of leptin?Image contentThis RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization of the vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter (VGAT, Slc32a1) shows the vast distribution of GABAergic neurons within the mouse nervous system.Read the full article‘A critical update on the leptin-melanocortin system’ by O. Lavoie, N. J. Michael and...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
miR ‐140 and miR‐200 regulate the migratory heterogeneity of location‐specific Schwann cell population
AbstractSchwann cells are functional cells in nerve regeneration and are commonly used as seed cells in tissue engineering. Enhanced Schwann cell migration capacity improves recovery effects and thus identification of Schwann cells with greater migration ability is of great importance. In the present study, we examined the biological activities of Schwann cells collected from rat sciatic nerves (SN) and dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Observations from transwell migration assay and wound healing assay demonstrate that DRG Schwann cells migrate at a faster speed as compared with SN Schwann cells. Sequencing and bioinformatics su...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 13, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Qianqian Chen,
Yang Miao,
Zhipeng Xu,
Ruirui Zhang,
Sheng Yi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Towards discovering a novel family of peptides targeting neuroinflammatory states of brain microglia and astrocytes
AbstractMicroglia are an immune-derived cell critical to development and healthy function of the brain and spinal cord, yet are implicated in the active pathology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. A range of functional phenotypes associated with the healthy brain or disease states has been suggested fromin vivo work, and were modeledin vitro assurveying,reactive, andprimed sub-types of primary rat microglia and mixed microglia/astrocytes. It was hypothesiszed that the biomolecular profile of these cells undergoes a phenotypical change as well, and these functional phenotypes were explored for potential novel peptide bind...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 12, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: K. M. Koss,
T. Son,
C. Li,
Y. Hao,
J. Cao,
M. A. Churchward,
Z. J. Zhang,
J. A. Wertheim,
R. Derda,
K. G. Todd Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
A tribute to Sebasti án Cerdán and his key contributions to brain metabolism
Sebasti án Cerdán, a wonderful colleague and brilliant and innovative NMR spectroscopist sadly passed away in May 2022. His studies using multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques contributed greatly to the understanding of brain metabolism, including identification of the pyruvate rec ycling pathway in brain and determining metabolic changes in the brain related to appetite regulation and the development of obesity. He will be greatly missed. Photo of Sebastián Cerdán on the Great Wall of China at the 3rd International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN) Special. Conference/8th In ternational Conferen...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - May 12, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jorgina Satrustegui,
Pilar L ópez Larrubia,
Tiago B. Rodrigues,
In‐Young Choi,
Mary C. McKenna Tags: OBITUARY Source Type: research
