News from NLA
(Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - September 1, 2023 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - September 1, 2023 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - September 1, 2023 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Impact of Providing Genetics-based Future Cardiovascular Risk on LDL-C in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant Mendelian disease, one of the leading causes of premature coronary heart disease (CHD) along with life-long exposure to high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia. 1-6 The prevalence of patients with heterozygous FH is nearly 0.2-0.5% of the general population (1 in 200-500 individuals). Major FH causative genes are LDL receptor (LDLR), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and apolipoprotein B (APOB) and LDLR adaptor protein 1 (LDLRAP1, for a particular case of autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia). (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 26, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Akihiro Nomura, Hirofumi Okada, Atsushi Nohara, Masa-aki Kawashiri, Masayuki Takamura, Hayato Tada Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
The efficacy of intensive lipid-lowering therapies on the reduction of LDLc and of major cardiovascular events.
Statins are the cornerstone of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) for the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) levels (1,2). A significant proportion of patients, especially those at high or very high cardiovascular risk, may need, and would eventually benefit from, high dose of statins or combination of LLTs (3,4). A metanalysis that included the first trials with high-doses of statins concluded that such intensive therapy effectively reduced non-fatal major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) but had no effect on cardiovascular or all-cause mortality (5). (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 22, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Alberto Cordero, Rosa Fern ández Olmo, Lina Badimon, Carlos García Santos-Gallego, José M. Castellano, Lorenzo Fácila, Moisés Rodriguez-Manero, Clara Bonanad, Gemma Vilahur, David Escribano, Juan J. Badimon, José R. González-Juanatey Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Bilateral Primary Orbital Xanthogranulomas: A Case Report and Comparison of Xanthomatous Conditions
Xanthoma is a benign lesion of foamy macrophages or histiocytes, also called xanthoma cells. Xanthogranuloma is a related but distinct lesion characterized by the presence of Touton giant cells in addition to xanthoma cells. Xanthomas are most often found in patients with primary or secondary dyslipidemia, including familial dyslipidemias, and can be important markers of such conditions.1,2 Xanthelasma (often found on the eyelids), plane xanthoma, verruciform xanthoma and tendon xanthoma are histopathologically similar entities that present as soft, yellow plaques containing cholesterol found in the dermis, mucous membrane...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 16, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Sarah E. Eppley, Rona Z. Silkiss Tags: Case Study Source Type: research
Age-based disparities in statin use for primary prevention in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2013-2020
In the United States (US), the pooled cohort equations (PCE) are recommended by guidelines for assessing the risk of a first atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event in adults age 40-75.1 Age is the largest driver of PCE-calculated 10-year ASCVD risk, which means younger adults require a greater burden of non-age risk factors included in the PCE to achieve similar 10-year ASCVD risk as older adults.2,3 Younger adults also have longer potential to be exposed to modifiable risk factors which increase the risk of ASCVD, indicating the paramount importance of statin therapy in high-risk younger adults. (Source: Jou...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 12, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Alexander R. Zheutlin, Joshua A. Jacobs, Catherine G. Derington, Alexander Chaitoff, Ann Marie Navar, Adam P. Bress Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research
Improved Arterial Inflammation with High Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Patients with Elevated Lipoprotein(a): Selective Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid?
Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). 1 Patients with elevated Lp(a), despite treatment with statins, are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.1 This is partly due to the pro-inflammatory effects of elevated Lp(a).2 However, there are no approved and effective treatments for lowering Lp(a) and the associated risk of ASCVD.1 (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 11, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Natalie C. Ward, Qidi Ying, Dick C. Chan, Jing Pang, Trevor A. Mori, Carl J. Schultz, Girish Dwivedi, Roslyn J. Francis, Gerald F. Watts Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research
Admission LDL-cholesterol, statin pretreatment and early outcomes in acute ischemic stroke
Elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels increase the risk of stroke and vascular events. Initiation and maintenance of lipid-lowering therapy after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) appears to be guided by LDL-C levels.1 The EUROASPIRE III stroke-specific module shows that secondary prevention and risk factor control in patients after ischemic stroke need to be improved since about half of patients are not achieving target lipid levels defined in European guidelines.2 However, lower levels of LDL-C are paradoxically associated with increased mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction patients. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 7, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Joon-Tae Kim, Ji Sung Lee, Beom Joon Kim, Jihoon Kang, Keon-Joo Lee, Jong-Moo Park, Kyusik Kang, Soo Joo Lee, Jae Guk Kim, Jae-Kwan Cha, Dae-Hyun Kim, Tai Hwan Park, Kyungbok Lee, Jun Lee, Keun-Sik Hong, Yong-Jin Cho, Hong-Kyun Park, Byung-Chul Lee, Kyung Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Variability of longitudinal triglyceride phenotype in patients heterozygous for pathogenic APOA5 variants
Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) – i.e. elevated fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) concentration – is a common and complex dyslipidemia.1,2 HTG is typically categorized as either mild-to-moderate (2 to 9.9 mmol/L or 175 to 875 mg/dL) or severe (>10 mmol/L or>875 mg/dL), which have a North American prevalence of about one in four and one in 400, respectively.2 HTG is associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), while severe HTG is associated with increased risk of acute pancreatitis, which is potentially life-threatening1. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 7, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Shehan D. Perera, Jian Wang, Adam D. McIntyre, Robert A. Hegele Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Translating Evidence-based Approaches into optimal Care for individuals at High-risk of ASCVD: Pilot testing of case-based e-learning modules and design of the TEACH-ASCVD study
Guidelines recommend early intervention with pharmacologic therapy for hypercholesterolemia to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and ultimately reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.1,2 Despite the availability of potent pharmacotherapy, less than half of individuals with established ASCVD are adequately treated.3 This evidence-to-practice gap is multifaceted and relies heavily on clinicians ’ understanding and knowledge of current guidelines and their implementation into their practice. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - August 2, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Katarina Clegg, Tyler J. Schubert, Robert C. Block, Frances Burke, Nihar R. Desai, Robert Greenfield, Dean Karalis, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Catherine J. McNeal, Rachel Nahrwold, Jessica M. Pe ña, Roda Plakogiannis, Nathan D. Wong, Laney K. Jones Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Diet-Derived and Diet-Related Endogenously Produced Palmitic Acid: Effects on Metabolic Regulation and Cardiovascular Disease Risk
The relationships between intake and tissue levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have been extensively studied over the past six decades. Individual SFAs differ in their metabolic effects. Palmitic acid (C16:0), a long chain fatty acid (FA), is the most abundant SFA in the U.S. diet representing about 55% of dietary SFAs1, and comprises about 20-30% of all FA in membrane phospholipids (PL) and triglycerides (TG)2. Palmitic acid is derived from the diet or by endogenous synthesis (i.e., de novo lipogenesis (DNL)) from excess energy intake from carbohydrates and/or protein. (Source: Jo...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - July 28, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Carmen E. Annevelink, Philip A. Sapp, Kristina S. Petersen, Greg C. Shearer, Penny M. Kris-Etherton Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Integrated omics approach for the identification of HDL structure-function relationships in PCSK9-related familial hypercholesterolemia
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is primarily known for its key role in the regulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism through hepatic degradation of the LDL receptor (LDLR).1 PCSK9 may however contribute to lipoprotein metabolism in a number of other ways beyond its immediate effects on LDLR activity and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.2 Atherogenic dyslipidemia represents an imbalance between excess circulating levels of cholesterol in the form of apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing relative to apo A-I-containing lipoproteins, which primarily involve LDL and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) re...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - July 26, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Maryam Darabi, Marie Lhomme, Maharajah Ponnaiah, Maja Pu čić-Baković, Isabelle Guillas, Eric Frisdal, Randa Bittar, Mikaël Croyal, Lucrèce Matheron-Duriez, Lucie Poupel, Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot, Corinne Frere, Mathilde Varret, Michel Krempf, Be Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Composition and distribution of lipoproteins after evolocumab in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia: A randomized controlled trial
Approximately 0.7% of the general population is homozygous for the ɛ2 allele in the APOE gene.1 Since about 10-18% of these ɛ2ɛ2 individuals develop the specific dysbetalipoproteinemia phenotype,2,3 the estimated prevalence of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD) is 1 in 850 to 3500 individuals, making FD the second most common monogenic lipid disorder after fam ilial hypercholesterolemia.4 FD is associated with a very high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), due to accumulation of atherogenic cholesterol-enriched triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and generally displays a (very) low concentration of low-density li...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - July 21, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Britt E. Heidemann, A. David Marais, Monique T. Mulder, Frank L.J. Visseren, Jeanine E. Roeters van Lennep, Erik S.G. Stroes, Niels P. Riksen, Leonie C. van Vark – van der Zee, Dee M. Blackhurst, Charlotte Koopal Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Composition and distribution of lipoproteins after evolocumab in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. A randomized controlled trial
Approximately 0.7% of the general population is homozygous for the ɛ2 allele in the APOE gene.1 Since about 10-18% of these ɛ2ɛ2 individuals develop the specific dysbetalipoproteinemia phenotype,2,3 the estimated prevalence of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD) is 1 in 850 to 3500 individuals, making FD the second most common monogenic lipid disorder after fam ilial hypercholesterolemia.4 FD is associated with a very high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), due to accumulation of atherogenic cholesterol-enriched triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and generally displays a (very) low concentration of low-density li...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - July 21, 2023 Category: Lipidology Authors: Britt E. Heidemann, A. David Marais, Monique T. Mulder, Frank L.J. Visseren, Jeanine E. Roeters van Lennep, Erik S.G. Stroes, Niels P. Riksen, Leonie C. van Vark – van der Zee, Dee M. Blackhurst, Charlotte Koopal Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
