Obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease: A joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and the National Lipid Association 2024
This joint expert review by the Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) and National Lipid Association (NLA) provides clinicians an overview of the pathophysiologic and clinical considerations regarding obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 24, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Harold Edward Bays, Carol Kirkpatrick, Kevin C. Maki, Peter P. Toth, Ryan T. Morgan, Justin Tondt, Sandra Michelle Christensen, Dave Dixon, Terry A. Jacobson Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Overcoming Barriers to Implementation: Improving Incidental Coronary Calcium Reporting on Non-EKG Gated Chest CT Scans
The 2018 AHA/ACC Multisociety Blood Cholesterol Guideline1 states that the use of coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is reasonable to inform statin therapy decision-making in those borderline or intermediate-risk patients with uncertainty about the need for statin therapy after consideration of risk-enhancing factors. The basis for its use rests on its ability to improve discrimination and reclassify risk as compared to that derived from risk equations based on traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 23, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Jelani K. Grant, Amjad Bokhari, Aysswarya Manoharan, Margaret Koester, Michael Dangl, Miguel Martillo, Seamus P. Whelton, Seth S. Martin, Roger S. Blumenthal, Michael J. Blaha, David Eng, Joel Fishman, Carl E. Orringer Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
The Triglyceride-Glucose Index is Superior to Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance in predicting Metabolic Syndrome in an Adult Population in the United States
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) defined by a set of cardio-metabolic features is associated with an increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)[1-3]. Its individual components include an elevated waist circumference [WC], increased triglycerides [TG], low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], elevated fasting glucose and high blood pressure [1 –3]. It is a major global problem with no optimum treatment. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 23, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Beverley Adams-Huet, Rafael Zubir án, Alan T Remaley, Ishwarlal Jialal Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Rare genetic cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis cases (CTX) without cholestanol elevation but with prominent cholesterol-rich tendon xanthomas.
Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare disease attributed to partial or complete loss of the enzyme sterol-27-hydroxylase leading to chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid production deficiency, and accumulation of sterol intermediates, mainly cholestanol, in plasma and in several other tissues. The clinical phenotype of CTX greatly varies among patients and includes tendon xanthomas, gallbladder stones, diarrhea, cataracts, and neurological abnormalities 1. The diagnostic identification typically is characterized by an elevated level of plasma cholestanol and identification of CYP27A1 gene variants. (Source: Journa...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 22, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Renato Jorge Alves, Val éria Sutti Nunes, Ney Carter do Carmo Borges Junior, Edna Regina Nakandakare, Eder Carlos Rocha Quintão Tags: Case Study Source Type: research
Cascade Screening for Familial Hypercholesterolemia from Pediatric Index Cases Diagnosed Through Universal Screening
Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in 300 people1, 2 worldwide, making it the most common life-threatening inherited metabolic condition. It is characterized by lifelong abnormally high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and premature cardiovascular disease events, including myocardial infarction and stroke3. Without treatment, patients with HeFH often develop ASCVD events before age 604. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 18, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Morgan Lentz, Megan Benoy, Xiao Zhang, Amy L. Peterson Tags: Brief Communication Source Type: research
Discrimination and net-reclassification of cardiovascular disease risk with Lipoprotein(a) levels: the ATTICA study (2002-2022)
Numerous studies have confirmed that lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B (apoB), such as low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and their remnants, intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL), and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), play a direct role in the onset of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).1 Lp(a), a molecule that is similar to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), has been identified as a risk factor for ASCVD via induction of inflammation, atherogenesis, and thrombosis. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 18, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Sofia-Panagiota Giannakopoulou, Christina Chrysohoou, Smaragdi Antonopoulou, Evangelia Damigou, Fotios Barkas, Christina Vafia, Evrydiki Kravvariti, Costas Tsioufis, Christos Pitsavos, Evangelos Liberopoulos, Petros P. Sfikakis, Demosthenes Panagiotakos Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Unfavorably altered lipid profile in women with primary ovarian insufficiency
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is defined as the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 along with elevated levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)>25 IU/L.1 POI is diagnosed among 1 –2 % of women worldwide and may be caused by chromosomal and genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, infections and surgery, however, majority of cases remain unidentified.2 (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 15, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Pir óg Magdalena, Kacalska-Janssen Olga, Pulka Anna, Jach Robert Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Unfavorably altered lipid profile in women with primary ovarian insufficiency.
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is defined as the cessation of ovarian function before the age of 40 along with elevated levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)>25 IU/L1. POI is diagnosed among 1-2% of women worldwide and may be caused by chromosomal and genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, infections and surgery, however, majority of cases remain unidentified2. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 15, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Pir óg Magdalena, Kacalska-Janssen Olga, Pulka Anna, Jach Robert Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Remnant cholesterol is associated with the progression and regression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in Chinese adults
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has progressively increased over recent decades with increased rates of obesity and the rapid growth of the ageing population, affecting approximately 29% of the Chinese population (1). In addition to intrahepatic diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, NAFLD has been demonstrated to increase the risks of multiple extrahepatic complications, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and even extrahepatic tumours (2,3). (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 10, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Wen Guo, Jing Lu, Xiaona Li, Xin Zhao, Nianzhen Xu, Qingqing Diao, Jue Jia, Qun Zhang Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Alirocumab and cardiovascular outcomes according to sex and lipoprotein(a) after acute coronary syndrome: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES
Women are often underrepresented in clinical trials, leading to uncertainty in subgroup analyses by sex and lower quality data to guide evidence-based therapy.1,2 While many individual trials are inconclusive, patient-level meta-analyses show that women with established cardiovascular disease benefit from statin therapy to the same degree as men.3 However, sex-specific data for non-statin lipid-lowering therapies are sparse.2 A recent statement by the European Society of Atherosclerosis highlighted differences in lipoprotein concentrations through the life course in women versus men, as well as sex differences in the relat...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 9, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Vera A. Bittner, Gregory G. Schwartz, Deepak L. Bhatt, Terrance Chua, H. Asita De Silva, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G. Goodman, Robert A. Harrington, J. Wouter Jukema, Jennifer McGinniss, Robert Pordy, Genevieve Garon, Michel Scemama, Harvey D. White, Ph. Gabriel Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes in a Population-Based Multicentric Cohort of Northern Portugal: Validation of the ESC/EAS Prognostic Risk Classification
The rising prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in Portugal translates into more than 35 000 annual deaths due to CV diseases, representing 30% of the total mortality in 2019 1,2. Moreover, CV risk factors such as dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, smoking, coronary artery disease, history of stroke, myocardial infarction, among others can significantly increase the risk of subsequent CV events 3. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 4, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Cristina Gavina, Daniel Seabra Carvalho, Marta Afonso-Silva, Daniela Brand ão Abreu, Mariana Canelas-Pais, Tiago Taveira-Gomes, Francisco Araújo Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Sex, Racial, Ethnic, and Geographical Disparities in Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcome of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists among patients with and without diabetes mellitus: A Meta-analysis of Placebo-Controlled Randomized Controlled Trials
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have emerged as a first-line drug in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).1 GLP-1RAs have also been found to significantly reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with T2DM, as demonstrated by multiple large cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs).2, 3 The LEADER (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results) trial (2016), which aimed to determine the cardiovascular (CV) effects of liraglutide marked a turning point and was the first to show a reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 4, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Frederick Berro Rivera, Nathan Ross B. Bantayan, John Paul Aparece, Linnaeus Louisse A. Cruz, John Vincent Magallong, Polyn Luz Pine, Anne Mira Nicca Idian-Javier, Grace Nooriza O. Lumbang, Edgar V. Lerma, Kyla M. Lara-Breitinger, Martha Gulati, Krishnasw Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
A focused update to the 2019 NLA scientific statement on use of lipoprotein(a) in clinical practice
The lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] field is rapidly evolving on many fronts, warranting this focused update to the 2019 National Lipid Association (NLA) Scientific Statement on Use of Lipoprotein(a) in Clinical Practice.1 Recent evidence has influenced our understanding of whom should have Lp(a) levels measured, how to interpret Lp(a) levels for use in risk assessment, and clinical management of patients with elevated Lp(a). The NLA now recommends: (1) measurement of Lp(a) levels at least once in every adult; (2) classification of individuals with Lp(a) levels (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 1, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Marlys L. Koschinsky, Archna Bajaj, Michael B. Boffa, Dave L. Dixon, Keith C. Ferdinand, Samuel S. Gidding, Edward A. Gill, Terry A. Jacobson, Erin D. Michos, Maya S. Safarova, Daniel E. Soffer, Pam R. Taub, Michael J. Wilkinson, Don P. Wilson, Christie M Source Type: research
Application of implementation science for improving the utilization of an international clinical practice guidance on familial hypercholesterolemia
Implementation science evolved into a field of research to accelerate the translation of evidence into practice (1,2). While major advances have been made to reduce the time for evidence to be translated into practice, there has been less progress on improving the uptake of clinical practice guidelines. Several guidelines (3-12) and position statements (13-15) in cardiovascular disease have recommended that implementation science approaches be used to address gaps in care. More recently, models have been developed for guideline contributors to embed implementation recommendations into the guideline development and translat...
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - April 1, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Laney K. Jones, Samuel S. Gidding, Raul D. Santos, Peter Libby, Gerald F. Watts, Mitchell N. Sarkies Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Lipid-lowering optimisation for secondary prevention vascular and diabetic foot patients in a pharmacist-led clinic
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death accounting for a quarter of all deaths in the UK and more than 100,000 hospital admissions1. Stroke causes 38,000 deaths and 100,000 admissions in the UK annually2. Associated healthcare costs are estimated to be £9 billion every year with an overall CVD burden of approximately £19 billion annually3. (Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology)
Source: Journal of Clinical Lipidology - March 29, 2024 Category: Lipidology Authors: Matthew Hart Mpharm, Jon Rees, Julia L Newton, Gerard Stansby, Kate Mackay, Ahai Luvai Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
