Anlotinib as third- or further-line therapy for short-term relapsed small-cell lung cancer: subgroup analysis of a randomized phase 2 study (ALTER1202)
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib as third- or further-line therapy in patients with short-term relapsed SCLC from ALTER1202. Patients with short-term relapsed SCLC (disease progression within 3 months after completing ⩾ two lines of chemotherapy) in the anlotinib (n = 67) and placebo (n = 34) groups were analyzed. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate, and safety. Anlotinib significantly improved median PFS/OS (4.0 vs. 0.7 months,P< 0.0001)/(7.3 vs. 4.4 months,P...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 16, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Estimating the number of Chinese cancer patients eligible for and benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors
In conclusion, ICIs provide considerable benefit in Chinese cancer patients under optimal estimation. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Outcomes of patients awaiting lung transplantation after the implementation of donation after brain death at a single Chinese center
AbstractVoluntary contribution has become the only source of donor lungs in China since 2015. To elaborate the outcomes of patients awaiting lung transplantation (LTx) after the implementation of donation after brain death, we performed a retrospective study that encompassed 205 patients with end-stage lung disease who registered for LTx at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2021. A total of 180 patients were enrolled in the study. The median waiting time was 1.25 months. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) (103/180, 57.2%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (56/180, 31.1%) were the mo...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
The adoption of repeated measurement of variance analysis and Shapiro —Wilk test
(Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Answer for questions of repeated measurements of variance analysis and distribution test of data — Authors’ reply
(Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Fine-tuning cell organelle dynamics during mitosis by small GTPases
AbstractDuring mitosis, the allocation of genetic material concurs with organelle transformation and distribution. The coordination of genetic material inheritance with organelle dynamics directs accurate mitotic progression, cell fate determination, and organismal homeostasis. Small GTPases belonging to the Ras superfamily regulate various cell organelles during division. Being the key regulators of membrane dynamics, the dysregulation of small GTPases is widely associated with cell organelle disruption in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases, such as cancer and Alzheimer ’s disease. Recent discoveries shed light on t...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - June 27, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
CAR T cells redirected against tumor-specific antigen glycoforms: can low-sugar antigens guarantee a sweet success?
AbstractImmune-based therapies have experienced a pronounced breakthrough in the past decades as they acquired multiple US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for various indications. To date, six chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapies have been permitted for the treatment of certain patients with relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies. However, several clinical trials of solid tumor CAR-T therapies were prematurely terminated, or they reported life-threatening treatment-related damages to healthy tissues. The simultaneous expression of target antigens by healthy organs and tumor cells is partly ...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - June 10, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Microorganism-derived biological macromolecules for tissue engineering
This study provides a detailed overview of natural-based biomaterials, their chemical and physical properties, and new directions for future research and therapeutic applications. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - June 10, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Analysis of interactions of immune checkpoint inhibitors with antibiotics in cancer therapy
AbstractThe discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, has played an important role in the development of cancer immunotherapy. However, immune-related adverse events often occur because of the enhanced immune response enabled by these agents. Antibiotics are widely applied in clinical treatment, and they are inevitably used in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical practice has revealed that antibiotics can weaken the therapeutic response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota is essential for the interaction between immune checkpoint inh...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - June 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Increased expression of coronin-1a in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target
In conclusion, the role of CORO1A in ALS pathogenesis was discovered, potentially affecting the disease onset and progression by blocking autophagic flux. Therefore, CORO1A might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for ALS. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - June 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
New definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and albuminuria: a prospective cohort study
In conclusion, MAFLD was associated with new-onset elevated baPWV and albuminuria independently of body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Individuals without NAFLD but diagnosed as MAFLD had high risk of albuminuria, suppor ting that MAFLD criteria would be practical for the evaluation of long-term risk of subclinical atherosclerosis among fatty liver patients. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - May 4, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Lingguizhugan Decoction, a Chinese herbal formula, improves insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a translational approach
AbstractLingguizhugan Decoction (LGZG) has been investigated in basic studies, with satisfactory effects on insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This translational approach aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of LGZG in clinical setting. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was performed. A total of 243 eligible participants with NAFLD were equally allocated to receive LGZG (two groups: standard dose and low dose) or placebo for 12 weeks on the basis of lifestyle modifications. The primary efficacy variable was homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - April 26, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Clinical efficacy of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine patterns on patients with pneumoconiosis: a pilot double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study
This study showed that TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment had a favorable impact on the exercise endurance and quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - April 22, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Serum mitochondrial tsRNA serves as a novel biomarker for hepatocarcinoma diagnosis
In this study, we first utilized RNA sequencing followed by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR to analyze tsRNA signatures in HCC serum. We identified tRF-Gln-TTG-006, which was remarkably upregulated in HCC serum (training cohort: 24 HCC patients vs. 24 healthy controls). In the validation stage, we found that tRF-Gln-TTG-006 signature could distinguish HCC cases from healthy subjects with high sensitivity (80.4%) and specificity (79.4%) even in the early stage (Stage I: sensitivity, 79.0%; specificity, 74.8%; 155 healthy controls vs. 153 HCC patients from two cohorts). Moreover,in vitro studies indicated that circula...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Multi-target combinatory strategy to overcome tumor immune escape
AbstractImmune therapy has become the fourth approach after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy in cancer treatment. Many immune checkpoints were identified in the last decade since ipilimumab, which is the first immune checkpoint inhibitor to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4, had been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic melanoma in 2011. The use of several antibody drugs that target PD1/PD-L1 for various cancer treatments has been approved by the FDA. However, fewer people are benefitting from immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in solid ca...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - April 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
