Cross-sectional prevalence and pattern of non-anaemia severe malaria among 2 –10 year olds in Sokoto in Northwestern Nigeria
This study aimed to describe the prevalence and pattern of severe malaria in a community in Northwestern Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2 –10-year-old children in Sokoto, in August and December 2016, to determine the endemicity of malaria based onPlasmodium falciparum prevalence rate (PfPR2-10) and to describe the disease pattern. Severe malaria was diagnosed according to the World Health Organisation criteria. Data were described using Stata version 15. The prevalence of non-anaemia severe malaria was higher than expected (2.6%), considering the endemicity pattern which was mesoendemic based on a P...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - October 17, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Acupuncture for the management of dry eye disease
AbstractThe effectiveness of using acupuncture for dry eye disease (DED) is controversial. Thus, this systematic review investigated the effectiveness and feasibility of using acupuncture for DED in accordance with the 2020 PRISMA statement. The outcomes of interests were (1) to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in improving the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer I test score, and tear breakup time from baseline to the last follow-up; (2) to determine possible complications of using acupuncture; and (3) to investigate the superiority of acupuncture over other commonly used treatments for DED. Data from 394 pa...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - September 24, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Targeting apoptosis to manage acquired resistance to third generation EGFR inhibitors
AbstractA significant clinical challenge in lung cancer treatment is management of the inevitable acquired resistance to third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as osimertinib, which have shown remarkable success in the treatment of advanced NSCLC with EGFR activating mutations, in order to achieve maximal response duration or treatment remission. Apoptosis is a major type of programmed cell death tightly associated with cancer development and treatment. Evasion of apoptosis is considered a key hallmark of cancer and acquisition of apoptosis resistance is accord...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - September 24, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Bacteria-mediated tumor-targeted delivery of tumstatin (54-132) significantly suppresses tumor growth in mouse model by inhibiting angiogenesis and promoting apoptosis
This study is the first to use tumstatin-transformed VNP20009 as a tumor-targeted system for treatment of melanoma by combining anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - September 24, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Chinese expert consensus on oral drugs for the treatment of mature B-cell lymphomas (2020 edition)
AbstractOral drugs such as ibrutinib play an important role in the treatment of mature B-cell lymphoma (BCL) due to their reliable efficacy, manageable safety, high accessibility, and convenience for use. Still, no guidelines or consensus focusing on oral drug therapies for BCL is available. To provide a reference of oral agent-based treatment for mature BCL, a panel of experts from the Lymphocyte Disease Group, Chinese Society of Hematology, Chinese Medical Association conducted an extensive discussion and reached a consensus on oral drugs for Chinese BCL patients on the basis of the current application status of oral dru...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - September 24, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Seroprevalence of influenza viruses in Shandong, Northern China during the COVID-19 pandemic
AbstractNonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been commonly deployed to prevent and control the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), resulting in a worldwide decline in influenza prevalence. However, the influenza risk in China warrants cautious assessment. We conducted a cross-sectional, seroepidemiological study in Shandong Province, Northern China in mid-2021. Hemagglutination inhibition was performed to test antibodies against four influenza vaccine strains. A combination of descriptive and meta-analyses was adopted to compare the seroprevalence of influenza antibodies before and during the COVID-19...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - September 24, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Predictive values of plasma TNF α and IL-8 for intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia
AbstractIn patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), if not identified promptly, could be fatal. It is the leading cause of failure of induction and early death. Thus, biomarkers that could promptly predict severe complications are critical. Here, cytokine differences between patients with APL with and without ICH were investigated to develop predictive models for this complication. The initial cytokine profiling using plasma samples from 39 patients and 18 healthy donors found a series of cytokines that were remarkedly different between patients with APL and healthy controls. The APL...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - September 12, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
FGF13 suppresses acute myeloid leukemia by regulating bone marrow niches
AbstractFibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) is aberrantly expressed in multiple cancer types, suggesting its essential role in tumorigenesis. Hence, we aimed to explore its definite role in the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and emphasize its associations with bone marrow niches. Results showed that FGF13 was lowly expressed in patients with AML and that its elevated expression was related to prolonged overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses identified FGF13 as an independent prognostic factor. A prognostic nomogram integrating FGF13 and clinicopathologic variables was constr...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - September 2, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Palmitoylation of GNAQ/11 is critical for tumor cell proliferation and survival in GNAQ/11-mutant uveal melanoma
AbstractMore than 85% of patients with uveal melanoma (UM) carry aGNAQ orGNA11 mutation at a hotspot codon (Q209) that encodes G protein α subunit q/11 polypeptides (Gαq/11). GNAQ/11 relies on palmitoylation for membrane association and signal transduction. Despite the palmitoylation of GNAQ/11 was discovered long before, its implication in UM remains unclear. Here, results of palmitoylation-targeted mutagenesis and chemical interference approaches revealed that the loss of GNAQ/11 palmitoylation substantially affected tumor cell proliferation and survival in UM cells. Palmitoylation inhibition through the mutation of pa...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - August 23, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Prefrontal cortical circuits in anxiety and fear: an overview
AbstractPathological anxiety is among the most difficult neuropsychiatric diseases to treat pharmacologically, and it represents a major societal problem. Studies have implicated structural changes within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and functional changes in the communication of the PFC with distal brain structures in anxiety disorders. Treatments that affect the activity of the PFC, including cognitive therapies and transcranial magnetic stimulation, reverse anxiety- and fear-associated circuit abnormalities through mechanisms that remain largely unclear. While the subjective experience of a rodent cannot be precisely det...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - August 9, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Unusual global outbreak of monkeypox: what should we do?
AbstractRecently, monkeypox has become a global concern amid the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Monkeypox is an acute rash zoonosis caused by the monkeypox virus, which was previously concentrated in Africa. The re-emergence of this pathogen seems unusual on account of outbreaks in multiple nonendemic countries and the incline to spread from person to person. We need to revisit this virus to prevent the epidemic from getting worse. In this review, we comprehensively summarize studies on monkeypox, including its epidemiology, biological characteristics, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics, as well as therapeutics and vac...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - August 9, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Plasma transthyretin is a nutritional biomarker in human morbidities
AbstractTransthyretin (TTR) is a small liver-secreted plasma protein that shows close correlations with changes in lean body mass (LBM) during the entire human lifespan and agglomerates the bulk of nitrogen (N)-containing substrates, hence constituting the cornerstone of body building. Amino acids (AAs) dietary restriction causes inhibition of TTR production and impairs the accretion of LBM reserves. Inflammatory disorders result in cytokine-induced abrogation of TTR synthesis and urinary leakage of nitrogenous catabolites. Taken together, the data indicate that malnutrition and inflammation may similarly suppress the prod...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - August 9, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Bone metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: facts and hopes from clinical and translational perspectives
AbstractPatients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and bone metastasis (BM) suffer from greatly reduced life quality and a dismal prognosis. However, BM in HCC has long been overlooked possibly due to its relatively low prevalence in previous decades. To date, no consensus or guidelines have been reached or formulated for the prevention and management of HCC BM. Our narrative review manifests the increasing incidence of HCC BM to sound the alarm for additional attention. The risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic approaches of HCC BM are detailed to provide a panoramic view of this disease to clinicians and ...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 19, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Anlotinib as third- or further-line therapy for short-term relapsed small-cell lung cancer: subgroup analysis of a randomized phase 2 study (ALTER1202)
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib as third- or further-line therapy in patients with short-term relapsed SCLC from ALTER1202. Patients with short-term relapsed SCLC (disease progression within 3 months after completing ⩾ two lines of chemotherapy) in the anlotinib (n = 67) and placebo (n = 34) groups were analyzed. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate, and safety. Anlotinib significantly improved median PFS/OS (4.0 vs. 0.7 months,P< 0.0001)/(7.3 vs. 4.4 months,P...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 16, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Estimating the number of Chinese cancer patients eligible for and benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors
In conclusion, ICIs provide considerable benefit in Chinese cancer patients under optimal estimation. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - July 1, 2022 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
