Control of lupus activity during pregnancy via the engagement of IgG sialylation: novel crosstalk between IgG sialylation and pDC functions
This study aims to explore the relationship between IgG sialylation patterns and lupus pregnancy. Relative to that in serum samples from the control cohort, IgG sialylation level was aberrantly downregulated in serum samples from the SLE cohort at four stages (from preconception to the third trimester of pregnancy) and was significantly associated with lupus activity and fetal loss during lupus pregnancy. The type I interferon signature of pregnant patients with SLE was negatively correlated with the level of IgG sialylation. The lack of sialylation dampened the ability of IgG to suppress the functions of plasmacytoid dend...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - April 3, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Primary assessment of the diversity of Omicron sublineages and the epidemiologic features of autumn/winter 2022 COVID-19 wave in Chinese mainland
AbstractWith the recent ongoing autumn/winter 2022 COVID-19 wave and the adjustment of public health control measures, there have been widespread SARS-CoV-2 infections in Chinese mainland. Here we have analyzed 369 viral genomes from recently diagnosed COVID-19 patients in Shanghai, identifying a large number of sublineages of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron family. Phylogenetic analysis, coupled with contact history tracing, revealed simultaneous community transmission of two Omicron sublineages dominating the infections in some areas of China (BA.5.2 mainly in Guangzhou and Shanghai, and BF.7 mainly in Beijing) and two highly inf...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 31, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
The clinical impact of tricuspid regurgitation in patients with a biatrial orthotopic heart transplant
In this study, we aim to elucidate the clinical impact and long-term course of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), taking into account its dynamic nature, after biatrial orthotopic heart transplant (OHT). All consecutive adult patients undergoing biatrial OHT (1984 –2017) with an available follow-up echocardiogram were included. Mixed-models were used to model the evolution of TR. The mixed-model was inserted into a Cox model in order to address the association of the dynamic TR with mortality. In total, 572 patients were included (median age: 50 years, male s: 74.9%). Approximately 32% of patients had moderate-to-severe TR im...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 31, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
5 ′-tiRNA-Gln inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by repressing translation through the interaction with eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I
AbstracttRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are novel non-coding RNAs that are involved in the occurrence and progression of diverse diseases. However, their exact presence and function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Here, differentially expressed tsRNAs in HCC were profiled. A novel tsRNA, tRNAGln-TTG derived 5 ′-tiRNA-Gln, is significantly downregulated, and its expression level is correlated with progression in patients. In HCC cells, 5′-tiRNA-Gln overexpression impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasionin vitro andin vivo, while 5 ′-tiRNA-Gln knockdown yielded opposite results. 5′-tiRNA...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 28, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Host protection against Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages by prior vaccination in spring 2022 COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai
AbstractThe Omicron family of SARS-CoV-2 variants are currently driving the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we analyzed the clinical laboratory test results of 9911 Omicron BA.2.2 sublineages-infected symptomatic patients without earlier infection histories during a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Shanghai in spring 2022. Compared to an earlier patient cohort infected by SARS-CoV-2 prototype strains in 2020, BA.2.2 infection led to distinct fluctuations of pathophysiological markers in the peripheral blood. In particular, severe/critical cases of COVID-19 post BA.2.2 infection were associated with less pro-inflammatory macrophage activatio...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
A systematic survey of LU domain-containing proteins reveals a novel human gene, LY6A, which encodes the candidate ortholog of mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1 and is aberrantly expressed in pituitary tumors
In this study, based on a systematic survey and comparative genomic study of mouse and human LU domain-containing proteins, we identified a previously unannotated human gene encoding the candidate ortholog of mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1. This gene, hereby namedLY6A, reversely overlaps with a lncRNA gene in the majority of exonic sequences. We found thatLY6A is aberrantly expressed in pituitary tumors, but not in normal pituitary tissues, and may contribute to tumorigenesis. Similar to mouse Ly-6A/Sca-1, humanLY6A is also upregulated by interferon, suggesting a conserved transcriptional regulatory mechanism between humans and mice. W...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
The nature of cancer
(Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 13, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Atypical pituitary hormone —target tissue axis
AbstractA long-held belief is that pituitary hormones bind to their cognate receptors in classical target glands to actuate their manifold functions. However, a number of studies have shown that multiple types of pituitary hormone receptors are widely expressed in non-classical target organs. Each pituitary gland-derived hormone exhibits a wide range of nonconventional biological effects in these non-classical target organs. Herein, the extra biological functions of pituitary hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and prolactin when they act o...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 27, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer with driver mutations: current applications and future directions
AbstractWith the improved understanding of driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), expanding the targeted therapeutic options improved the survival and safety. However, responses to these agents are commonly temporary and incomplete. Moreover, even patients with the same oncogenic driver gene can respond diversely to the same agent. Furthermore, the therapeutic role of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in oncogene-driven NSCLC remains unclear. Therefore, this review aimed to classify the management of NSCLC with driver mutations based on the gene subtype, concomitant mutation, and dynamic alternation. The...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Advancing pediatric care before birth
(Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
A new perspective in pyroptosis: lifting the veil on GSDMA activation
(Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
The critical importance of epigenetics in autoimmune-related skin diseases
AbstractAutoimmune-related skin diseases are a group of disorders with diverse etiology and pathophysiology involved in autoimmunity. Genetics and environmental factors may contribute to the development of these autoimmune disorders. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of these disorders are poorly understood, environmental variables that induce aberrant epigenetic regulations may provide some insights. Epigenetics is the study of heritable mechanisms that regulate gene expression without changing DNA sequences. The most important epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs. In th...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 22, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Flavivirus-infected hosts attract more mosquitoes to bite
(Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 22, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Venous thromboembolism in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China: a report from the Chinese Children ’s Cancer Group-ALL-2015
AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complication in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The Chinese Children ’s Cancer Group-ALL-2015 protocol was carried out in China, and epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with VTE were analyzed. We collected data on VTE in a multi-institutional clinical study of 7640 patients with ALL diagnosed in 20 hospitals from January 2015 to Dece mber 2019. First, VTE occurred in 159 (2.08%) patients, including 90 (56.6%) during induction therapy and 108 (67.92%) in the upper extremities. T-ALL had a 1.74-fold increased risk of VTE (95% CI 1.0...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 18, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Aldolase B attenuates clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression by inhibiting CtBP2
AbstractAldolase B (ALDOB), a glycolytic enzyme, is uniformly depleted in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues. We previously showed that ALDOB inhibited proliferation through a mechanism independent of its enzymatic activity in ccRCC, but the mechanism was not unequivocally identified. We showed that the corepressor C-terminal-binding protein 2 (CtBP2) is a novel ALDOB-interacting protein in ccRCC. The CtBP2-to-ALDOB expression ratio in clinical samples was correlated with the expression of CtBP2 target genes and was associated with shorter survival. ALDOB inhibited CtBP2-mediated repression of multiple cell cy...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 15, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
