Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Blood Flow Restriction Training in Athletes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper aims to review the available literature regarding blood flow restriction training (BFRT), summarize its mechanisms of action, address safety concerns, and help direct protocol development and practical implementation, particularly in athletes.Recent FindingsRecent literature, in both athletic and clinical cohorts, has explored the safety and efficacy of BFRT; however, rigorous randomized controlled trials with consistent protocols are lacking.SummaryBFRT is a promising clinical and athletic training tool; however, it should be used in a controlled setting with an individualized approach....
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - September 13, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairments and Responsiveness to Motor Rehabilitation: A Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review discusses the prevalence of cognitive deficits following stroke and their impact on responsiveness to therapeutic intervention within a motor learning context.Recent FindingsClinical and experimental studies have established that post-stroke cognitive and motor deficits may impede ambulation, augment fall risk, and influence the efficacy of interventions. Recent research suggests the presence of cognitive deficits may play a larger role in motor recovery than previously understood.SummaryConsidering that cognitive impairments affect motor relearning, post-stroke motor rehabilitation the...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - September 9, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
The Potential of Corticospinal-Motoneuronal Plasticity for Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review focuses on a relatively new neuromodulation method where transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex is paired with transcutaneous electrical stimulation over a peripheral nerve to induce plasticity at corticospinal-motoneuronal synapses.Recent FindingsRecovery of sensorimotor function after spinal cord injury largely depends on transmission in the corticospinal pathway. Significantly damaged corticospinal axons fail to regenerate and participate in functional recovery. Transmission in residual corticospinal axons can be assessed using non-invasive transcranial magne...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 3, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Selecting, Administering, and Interpreting Outcome Measures Among Adults with Lower-Limb Loss: an Update for Clinicians
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo summarize outcome measurement research among adults with lower-limb loss (LLL) for clinicians.Recent FindingsHoughton Scale, Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire-Mobility Subscale (PEQ-m), Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M ™), Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), Amputee Mobility Predictor (AMP), Comprehensive High-Level Activity Mobility Predictor, Four Square Step Test (FSST), Narrowing Beam Walking Test (NBWT), L Test, 10 Meter Walk Test (10MWT), and 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) are appropriate for ev aluating individual patient changes post-LLL. Post-LLL, Socket C...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 2, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Musculoskeletal Issues and Care Specific to the Female Athlete
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis chapter aims to provide recent updates in the literature regarding musculoskeletal issues in the female athlete that affects their care. The content will aim to supply specific history, physical exam, diagnostic and treatment pearls for medical providers caring for female athletes.Recent FindingsFemale athletes are more likely to be injured and spend more time away from sport due to their injuries when compared with their male counterparts. The causes of these issues have been found to be multifactorial due to anatomic differences, hormonal influences, and biomechanical patterns that predispos...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 28, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Multidisciplinary Amputation Team Management of Individuals with Limb Loss
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewTo demonstrate the utility of the multidisciplinary team and the role of each member in caring for persons with limb loss, from pre-amputation to lifelong care.Recent FindingsBy ensuring patient-centered care through shared decision-making, persons with limb loss report improved adjustment following amputation. Various medical, physical, and psychosocial factors have been shown to correlate with post-amputation outcomes and should be assessed pre-amputation by the team. Persons with limb loss are at increased risk for re-amputation and secondary disabling conditions that the team should monitor...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 22, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Healthcare Disparities in Dysvascular Lower Extremity Amputations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOur goal is to provide a current review of health disparities in patients with dysvascular lower extremity amputation, so that we can better identify how disparities persist after an amputation and how to reduce these disparities.Recent FindingsHealth disparities in amputation risk, level, and outcomes exist in the USA based on race/ethnicity, gender, income, insurance, care provider, hospital, neighborhood, and US region.SummaryWhile health disparities exist for patients with dysvascular lower extremity amputation, little is known about differences in function, rehabilitation, and prosthesis presc...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 15, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Spasticity Management After Spinal Cord Injury
This article reviews the current management options and research. (Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports)
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 14, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Evidence-Based Women ’s Health Physical Therapy Across the Lifespan
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this paper is to review the current evidence for physical therapy (PT) in the treatment of pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) in women throughout the female lifespan.Recent FindingsAlthough trials are small and heterogeneous, there is an increase in evidence to support PT as a safe, effective treatment option for women with PFDs at various life stages. Evidence to support PT interventions for pelvic floor conditions including dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and genitourinary syndrome of menopause are discussed. Clinicians are recomm...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 23, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Acute Intermittent Hypoxia as a Potential Adjuvant to Improve Walking Following Spinal Cord Injury: Evidence, Challenges, and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe reacquisition and preservation of walking ability are highly valued goals in spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. Recurrent episodes of breathing low oxygen (i.e., acute intermittent hypoxia, AIH) are a potential therapy to promote walking recovery after incomplete SCI via endogenous mechanisms of neuroplasticity. Here, we report on the progress of AIH, alone or paired with other treatments, on walking recovery in persons with incomplete SCI. We evaluate the evidence of AIH as a therapy ready for clinical and home use and the real and perceived challenges that may interfere with this possib...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 23, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Walking after Spinal Cord Injury: Current Clinical Approaches and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWalking is a major priority after spinal cord injury (SCI). This review aims to inform clinicians of key considerations, available research to assist with prognosis, and current and future rehabilitation strategies to promote walking.Recent FindingsThere are many benefits to walking, although not all aspects may be advantageous. Several models have been developed to assist with prognostication. Gait training and locomotor training (overground or body weight supported treadmill training) are common rehabilitation approaches to promote walking in this population. Walking after SCI is also a significa...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 21, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Physical Activity Interventions After Hip or Knee Joint Replacement: a Systematic Review
This study is aimed at describing and evaluating physical activity interventions in individuals that have undergone hip or knee joint replacement due to osteoarthritis.Recent FindingsA total of 11,873 studies were screened. Seven studies with 627 participants, aged 50 to 85 years, met the review criteria. There are five randomised control trial, one longitudinal quasi-experimental study with a control group, and one pre-/post-test study with control group. Interventions included health coaching, a walking programme, a behavioural change intervention, and an alpine sk iing intervention delivered between 6 and 24 weeks. T...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 17, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Novel Approaches to Reduce Symptomatic Neuroma Pain After Limb Amputation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewA considerable number of major limb amputation patients will develop symptomatic neuromas within the residual limb. There has been a paradigm shift in the surgical treatment of symptomatic neuromas from techniques that attempt to interrupt axonal regeneration in favor of techniques that permit reinnervation. In addition, growing evidence suggests that successful treatment of peripheral nerve pain may diminish the development of phantom limb pain. We discuss novel surgical techniques that seek to prevent neuroma formation and in turn reduce phantom limb pain.Recent FindingsTargeted muscle reinnervat...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 15, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
PM & amp;R Training in Amputation Rehabilitation: Past, Present and Future
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper aims to review the available literature for amputee rehabilitation training throughout history and current times while giving a preview of future endeavors.Recent FindingsThere is limited literature available regarding specifics of amputee care training in PM&R. There have been some advances with creation of fellowships but most of the literature shows a clear need to increase and improve amputee rehabilitation training and education to ensure the growing population is appropriately cared for.SummaryAmputee care played a huge role in the development of the field of PM&R and is st...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 14, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Bone Loss and the Current Diagnosis of Osteoporosis and Risk of Fragility Fracture in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe topics to be discussed in this article include bone loss in the regions of the lower extremity that are most prone to fracture, the risk factors for fracture, the diagnosis of osteoporosis in persons with spinal cord (SCI), the determination of the fracture threshold at the knee, and a brief discussion of future directions.Recent FindingsExtensive cross-sectional studies, but a paucity of longitudinal studies, that describe the precipitous bone loss occurs during the acute phase of SCI that likely continues, albeit more gradually, over the lifetime. The distal femur (DF) and proximal tibia (PT)...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 3, 2020 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
