Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Rehabilitation Considerations in Pediatric Brain Tumors
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this paper is to provide an evidence-based update for rehabilitation providers to guide rehabilitation treatment plans during the care of children with brain tumors across the lifespan.Recent FindingsBrain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children, and overall the second most common cancer type in children. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) revised classification of these tumors to incorporate molecular parameters. Rehabilitation providers have a role throughout the continuum of care in this population, providing preventative, restorative, supportive, and palliative...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 21, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Polypharmacy and Rational Prescribing: Changing the Culture of Medicine One Patient at a Time
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPolypharmacy and the associated concept of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) have well-documented deleterious effects on older adults and other vulnerable groups commonly treated by physiatrists. Addressing the issues of polypharmacy and PIP presents an opportunity to improve health and rehabilitation outcomes. In this article, we review medications commonly initiated and managed by physiatrists such as anticoagulants, antidepressants, neuro-stimulants, and pain medications based on current evidence. We also offer strategies to minimize polypharmacy and PIP by exploring alternative and be...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 19, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Management of Urinary Incontinence in Older Adults in Rehabilitation Care Settings
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review focuses on updates in the management of urinary incontinence occurring in older adult populations living with conditions frequently managed by physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists.Recent FindingsUrinary incontinence is common among older adults who live with neurologic diseases, such as stroke, Parkinson ’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury, and may be cared for in outpatient and acute rehabilitation facilities. While the evidence is growing regarding treatment strategies specific to patients with neurogenic bladder, behavioral treatment approaches ma...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 17, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Delirium: Evaluation and Management
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDelirium is associated with high morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs, and longer inpatient hospital length of stays. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent evidence pertaining to the recognition, prevention, and management of delirium to help guide clinicians to make evidence-based decisions in patient care.Recent FindingsDelirium is best managed with a multicomponent strategy using standardized tools for early recognition, such as the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), non-pharmacologic interventions including restoration of the natural sleep-wake cycle with environmental...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 13, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Strengthening Quadriceps Muscles with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Following Total Hip Replacement: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFunctional recovery from total hip replacement can be suboptimal and deficits in quadriceps muscle strength may hinder the return to activities of daily living. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) devices have long been used to preserve and restore skeletal muscle mass and function following periods of muscle atrophy due to immobilisation. Here, we evaluate the potential role of NMES for strengthening the quadriceps muscles following hip replacement.Recent FindingsTwo studies have investigated the effects of NMES on quadriceps strength following hip replacement. NMES in addition to exercise...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 8, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Pediatric Cardiac Rehabilitation: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn addition to concerns with physical health and activity levels, children with cardiac conditions can be at risk of neurodevelopmental and socioemotional maladjustment. Children with congenital heart defects requiring surgery early in life are at risk of developmental delays and cognitive impairments, and both children with congenital heart defects and those with cardiomyopathies are at risk of socioemotional concerns. As a result, there is an increasing focus on rehabilitation efforts for these patients, in order to improve both their physical well-being and their adjustment outcomes. However, th...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 6, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Injury Prevention Considerations in Adolescent Overhead-Throwing Athletes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this manuscript is to summarize concepts to consider when implementing ways to prevent injuries in adolescent overhead-throwing athletes. The goal of this review is to provide an updated and novel overview for the practitioner who cares for this specific patient population.Recent FindingsThis manuscript will review all factors related to the prevention of overhead-throwing injury risk in adolescents. The latest studies as well as well-cited literature are cited to provide up-to-date and accurate data backing up our conclusions.SummaryThere are many overhead-throwing injuries in adole...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 5, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Clinical Considerations and Resources for Youth Athletes with Intellectual Disability: a Review with a Focus on Special Olympics International
This article summarizes recent SOI efforts in both sports competition and health initiatives. Data collected from SOI ’s Healthy Athletes Initiative revealed obesity in 31.5% of youth with ID. Data also demonstrated concerns with flexibility in 71.3% of athletes and concerns with muscle strength in 56.5% of athletes. Results from medical coverage of the 2009 Special Olympics Great Britain Summer Games revealed mu sculoskeletal and skin concerns as the primary reasons for on-site sports coverage medical consultation.SummaryClinicians caring for youth with ID should be aware of the sport opportunities for this population a...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 3, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Post-Acute Care Determination for Hospitalized Older Adults
AbstractPurpose of ReviewA significant percentage of hospitalized older adults are discharged to a post-acute care (PAC) setting. This review will discuss the characteristics of the main PAC options in the USA and the key evaluation criterion to be utilized in determining the most appropriate PAC setting for an older hospitalized patient.Recent FindingsThere is limited literature regarding PAC determination in the USA. However, this is a growing area of interest due to PAC costs and the growing older adult population. A standardized method of assessment for older adult patients nearing hospital discharge is presented inclu...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - May 3, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Utilizing Functional Electrical Stimulation and Exoskeletons in Pediatrics: a Closer Look at Their Roles in Gait and Functional Changes in Cerebral Palsy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewA primary focus for many children with cerebral palsy (CP) is functional independence. However, due to neurologic insults that occur early in life, typical gait pattern development is impaired. Research has shown the importance of task-oriented movements in reorganizing the central nervous system in a functionally meaningful way. Advancements in technology, when used in conjunction with conventional strategies, have made it possible for therapists to utilize devices that provide repetitive patterning and feedback for gait retraining. This enables patients the opportunity to develop normal gait patt...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - April 28, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Community Participation and Transition Outcomes in Youth with Spina Bifida and Other Chronic Health Conditions in an Urban Children ’s Hospital Outpatient Clinic
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCommunity participation and emerging adult transition outcomes are important to consider as they appear to have implications upon health outcomes and an individual ’s ability to take on adult roles within society. To our knowledge, the relationship between community participation of CYSHCN (Children and Youth with Special Health Care Needs) in relation to transition outcomes, particularly in the spina bifida population, is not well described.Recent FindingsParticipation in community activities is lower in transitioning youth with spina bifida compared to transitioning youth with other chronic hea...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - April 24, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Youth Para and Adaptive Sports Medicine
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to provide an overview of sports medicine principles pertaining to youth Para athletes.Recent FindingsWhile little research on youth Para athletics exists, recent elite Paralympic Games data confirms a higher rate of upper extremity injuries in wheelchair athletes and lower extremity injuries in ambulatory athletes, while showing a higher rate of acute injuries in the Winter Games and skin/soft-tissue injuries in Summer Games. These summer sport findings are consistent with historic youth Para sport data.SummaryClinicians caring for youth Para athletes should be aware of medical co...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - March 26, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Rehabilitation in Children with Disorder of Consciousness
AbstractPurpose of ReviewConsciousness is a state of wakefulness with awareness of self and the environment. Disorder of consciousness (DOC) can result from any type of acquired brain injury (ABI). While children with ABI and DOC are commonly encountered in pediatric rehabilitation settings, research in this population is lacking, necessitating extrapolation from adult literature.Recent FindingsAdults and children with DOC who participate in specialized inpatient rehabilitation programs show functional gains during and following the inpatient admission. Here, we present a model for an interdisciplinary rehabilitation progr...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - March 8, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Indirect Care Utilization Among Children with Medical Complexity
We describe the value of ICT for CMC in a mature, consultative, subspecialty complex care program.Recent FindingsNine hundred five CMC in our Comprehensive Care Program over a 2-year period received an average of 1283 h of ICT and 640 h of direct visit time per year. Provider costs/year were $93,977 for ICT and $62,848 for direct care provision. The odds of incurring hospital costs increased by 43% among CMC who used ICT.SummaryCMC utilize substantial, costly, and unreimbursed amounts of ICT, yet ICT is associated with increased hospital costs. Perhaps ICT might be a proxy indicator of rising clinical acuity and should ...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - March 3, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
Addressing Over-Medicalization in Children with Medical Complexity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewChildren with medical complexity (CMC) are at risk for over-medicalization and medical child abuse. Their multiple diagnoses, medical complexities, and functional limitations require providers to partner with parents in their care. Even in the context of shared decision-making, over-medicalization and medical child abuse can occur.Recent FindingsWe define over-medicalization and medical child abuse as related to the care of CMC, present strategies to prevent, identify, and address shared provider-parent decision-making, and review ethical principles that can guide care decisions.SummaryComplex pedi...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - February 8, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research
