Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Thickened Liquids for Dysphagia Management: a Current Review of the Measurement of Liquid Flow
We describe the measurement of apparent viscosity, measures of extensional flow, slump tests (specifically the line-spread test and Bostwick consistometry), gravity flow tests, and subjective methods.Recent FindingsWe discuss the relationship between different approaches to measuring flow, the 2002 American National Dysphagia Diet and the 2017 International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) framework. A comparison of test results across four methods is provided.SummaryA consistent approach is needed for the measurement of flow for thickened liquids used in dysphagia management. This review highlights differ...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 25, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Guide to Enhancing Swallowing Initiation: Insights from Findings in Healthy Subjects and Dysphagic Patients
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDifficulty in initiating swallowing is one of the main symptoms of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Therefore, enhancing swallowing initiation is an important approach for the treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia. This review aims to introduce recent approaches to enhancing swallowing and to discuss their therapeutic potential.Recent FindingsBoth central interventions such as non-invasive brain stimulation and peripheral interventions such as electrical stimulation to peripheral tissues are conducted to enhance swallowing. Recent studies have paid more attention to generating neuroplasticity to produce lon...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Reasoning and Decision Making in Clinical Swallowing Examination
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDysphagia has significant negative impact on health outcomes and hence evidence-based assessment and management of impaired swallowing is central to quality healthcare.Recent FindingsApproaches to the Clinical Swallowing Examination (CSE) vary considerably. It has been suggested that the patterns of item use within a CSE are non-random, and are influenced by the clinician ’s decision making and reasoning processes relevant to each specific clinical scenario. These observations are in line with current models of diagnostic reasoning in the health professions and may reflect a dual process of analy...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Reconsidering Rehabilitation for Neurogenic Dysphagia: Strengthening Skill in Swallowing
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRehabilitation for oropharyngeal dysphagia aims to improve impaired swallowing biomechanics. However, adverse effects have been reported with strengthening exercises, such as effortful swallowing. Current research is highlighting improvements based on skill, rather than strength, training. Thus, the goal of this review is to determine what evidence exists for skill-based rehabilitation in dysphagia.Recent FindingsSkill training may be defined as functional repetition and refinement of movement patterns. Skill-based rehabilitation paradigms have been reported for rehabilitation interventions such as...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Frailty, Swallowing and Dysphagia
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper is a brief overview of the relationship between frailty, swallowing and dysphagia. Its goal is to explore the interplay between age and sarcopenia in the development of dysphagia, which is known to be linked to aspiration pneumonia. It is postulated that there is growing justification for routine screening for dysphagia in older frail people, to enable rehabilitation of swallowing through exercise and nutritional intervention, after a hospital stay.Recent FindingsThe global population is ageing, with a particular increase in the very old and frail. Frail people have a limited functional ...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Shoulder Preservation in Spinal Cord Injury: One Clinic ’s Approach to Treatment and Prevention
AbstractPurpose of ReviewShoulder pain in those with spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that creates significant secondary complications. This review will present recent literature exploring shoulder pain demographics, causes, treatment recommendations, and one clinic ’s stance on treatment and prevention.Recent FindingsShoulder pain affects between 37 and 84% of the population living with spinal cord injury. Home-based programs have been found to be effective in reducing pain levels by nearly 50%, to improve the functional independence, participation, and quality of life of those affected. However, onl...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Manual Wheelchair Configuration and Seating Considerations in the Spinal Cord Injury Population
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo assess findings of selected articles investigating the effects of wheelchair configuration, back selection, and cushion selection for the active manual wheelchair user with spinal cord injury.Recent FindingsManual wheelchair configuration, cushion selection, and backrest setup have far reaching impacts on the user ’s health and functional ability. Pressure ulcers, orthopedic deformities, and upper extremity pain may by avoided with a thoughtfully prescribed manual wheelchair and custom configuration.SummaryA properly configured wheelchair may prevent the development of secondary consequences o...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - August 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Frailty, Swallowing and Dysphagia
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper is a brief overview of the relationship between frailty, swallowing and dysphagia. Its goal is to explore the interplay between age and sarcopenia in the development of dysphagia, which is known to be linked to aspiration pneumonia. It is postulated that there is growing justification for routine screening for dysphagia in older frail people, to enable rehabilitation of swallowing through exercise and nutritional intervention, after a hospital stay.Recent FindingsThe global population is ageing, with a particular increase in the very old and frail. Frail people have a limited functional ...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 27, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Reconsidering Rehabilitation for Neurogenic Dysphagia: Strengthening Skill in Swallowing
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRehabilitation for oropharyngeal dysphagia aims to improve impaired swallowing biomechanics. However, adverse effects have been reported with strengthening exercises, such as effortful swallowing. Current research is highlighting improvements based on skill, rather than strength, training. Thus, the goal of this review is to determine what evidence exists for skill-based rehabilitation in dysphagia.Recent FindingsSkill training may be defined as functional repetition and refinement of movement patterns. Skill-based rehabilitation paradigms have been reported for rehabilitation interventions such as...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 19, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Manual Wheelchair Configuration and Seating Considerations in the Spinal Cord Injury Population
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo assess findings of selected articles investigating the effects of wheelchair configuration, back selection, and cushion selection for the active manual wheelchair user with spinal cord injury.Recent FindingsManual wheelchair configuration, cushion selection, and backrest setup have far reaching impacts on the user ’s health and functional ability. Pressure ulcers, orthopedic deformities, and upper extremity pain may by avoided with a thoughtfully prescribed manual wheelchair and custom configuration.SummaryA properly configured wheelchair may prevent the development of secondary consequences o...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - July 19, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Buttock Pain in the Athlete: the Role of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPelvic floor dysfunction is an often overlooked cause of buttock pain in the athlete. Literature on pelvic floor dysfunction in athletes is limited, and therefore, it is frequently missed on evaluation and left untreated. This purpose of this article is to review the role that pelvic floor dysfunction plays in several musculoskeletal conditions experienced by athletes and to discuss pertinent history and physical examination findings that will help healthcare providers identify and treat athletes with pelvic floor dysfunction.Recent FindingsRecent studies show the prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunc...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Changing Paradigms in the Rehabilitation of Inpatients with Brain Tumors
AbstractNeurologic tumors account for over 50% of American acute inpatient rehabilitation facility cancer admissions. WHO grade IV astrocytoma (also known as glioblastoma multiforme, high-grade glioma or GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults and is invariably fatal. The majority of primary brain tumor patients experience neurologic deficits. However, under-referral from oncology to rehabilitation has been reported. This brief narrative review article covers functional, medical, and regulatory considerations when rehabilitating brain tumor inpatients. (Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports)
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Current Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe goal of this paper is to review the current evidence on diagnosis and management of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the lower leg. We sought to answer the question of whether recent research and innovations have demonstrated diagnostic alternatives or adjuncts to intramuscular compartment pressure testing and whether there are effective treatment options other than surgical fasciotomy.Recent FindingsResearch has shown promising outcomes with non-operative management including targeted alterations to running biomechanics. There is also research demonstrating efficacy in the use...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Diagnosis and management of spinal metastases in rehabilitation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo provide an overview of the presentation, diagnosis and management of spinal metastatic disease, as it relates to pain, function, and quality of life.Recent FindingsThere are a multitude of treatment options to address spinal metastatic disease, including radiotherapy, minimally invasive procedures, oral medications, and surgery. Treatment is individualized to the patient according to severity of symptoms, location of metastases, and concordant medical conditions. Patients may require treatments across several subspecialties to comprehensively treat their disease. The location and nature of metas...
Source: Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports - June 1, 2018 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research