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Androgen abuse among gay and bisexual men
Purpose of review Androgen abuse is more prevalent among gay and bisexual (i.e. sexual minority) men than heterosexual men. We review recent research about androgen abuse in sexual minority men and provide relevant social, cultural, and historical contexts. Recent findings Androgen abuse among sexual minority men is shaped by the intersections of sexuality, desirability, masculinity, and race. Muscular male bodies are desired and – in erotic settings especially – prized as literal embodiments of masculinity. Racist stereotypes unjustly diminish the desirability and masculinity of sexual minority men who belo...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - November 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: ANDROGENS: Edited by Dominic Sagoe Source Type: research

Editorial: Precincts and prospects of androgen abuse research
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity)
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - November 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: ANDROGENS: Edited by Dominic Sagoe Source Type: research

The real-world applications of the symptom tracking functionality available to menstrual health tracking apps
Purpose of review The goal of this review was to evaluate whether the fields available in iOS mobile phone apps for recording menstrual cycle symptoms are able to be harmonized across platforms for potential use in research, such as aggregated data analysis. Recent findings Symptom tracking capabilities are a common feature among menstrual health apps but have been the subject of limited investigations. Apps differ with respect to which symptoms are included and the rationale for these differences is unclear. Epidemiologic studies are poised to incorporate these data; however, a thorough exploration of symptom t...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - November 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY: Edited by Shruthi Mahalingaiah Source Type: research

Menstrual cycle length and modern living: a review
Purpose of review The aim of this review is to evaluate biological, life history, environmental, and lifestyle factors and exposures that cause variability in menstrual cycle length (MCL). Recent findings Recent literature has detailed a number of factors that influence MCL, with particular emphasis placed on novel environmental exposures, such as air pollution and endocrine disrupting chemicals. Summary MCL varies widely in response to intrinsic and extrinsic inputs and is a useful predictor of reproductive health and fecundability. Video abstract http://links.lww.com/COE/A28 (Source: Current Opin...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - November 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY: Edited by Shruthi Mahalingaiah Source Type: research

Effects of marijuana on reproductive health: preconception and gestational effects
The objective of this review is to provide a current and relevant summary of the recent literature surrounding this topic. Recent findings The available published studies on the effect of marijuana exposure on reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes are conflicting. Human studies are often observational or retrospective and confounded by self-report and polysubstance use. However, the current, limited evidence suggests that marijuana use adversely affects male and female reproductive health. Additionally, prenatal marijuana exposure has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and sm...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - November 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY: Edited by Shruthi Mahalingaiah Source Type: research

The potential of big data for obstetrics discovery
Purpose of review The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of ‘Big Data’ and review its potential to advance scientific discovery in obstetrics. Recent findings Big Data is now ubiquitous in medicine, being used in many specialties to understand the pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatment for many diseases. Big Data analyses often employ machine learning methods to understand the complex relationships that may exist within these sources. We review the basic principles of supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods, including deep learning. We highlight how these methods have been...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - November 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY: Edited by Shruthi Mahalingaiah Source Type: research

Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity)
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - November 4, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research

Appropriate selection of candidates for outpatient thyroidectomy
Purpose of review Although traditionally an inpatient procedure, outpatient thyroidectomy has gained traction as a viable and well tolerated alternative for selected patients, with an added benefit of cost savings. Recent findings Research on outpatient thyroidectomy has focused on establishing its noninferiority in outcomes compared to the standard inpatient or overnight observation. Numerous studies have found comparable low rates of postoperative complications and no increase in readmission. Selection criteria have been well established by professional societies and research studies support the selection bias...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: THYROID: Edited by Angela M. Leung Source Type: research

Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Purpose of review To summarize recent developments in the diagnosis and management of patients with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), with a focus on pathogenesis, systemic therapy, and future directions. Recent findings The addition of mutational analysis to cytological assessment of thyroid nodules has improved the diagnostic accuracy of MTC. The discovery of new genomic alterations and overexpression of certain factors allows for improved prognostication in MTC and provides potentially new therapeutic agents. New data suggest that tumor environment may be more immunogenic than previously thought in a subset of ...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: THYROID: Edited by Angela M. Leung Source Type: research

Patient perception of receiving a thyroid cancer diagnosis
Purpose of review This review describes the current state of the literature on patients’ perceptions of receiving a diagnosis of thyroid cancer. The evaluation progresses from people's understanding about thyroid cancer in general to the lived experiences of those receiving an initial diagnosis or one of recurrence. The implications on patients’ quality of life and treatment decisions are also discussed. Recent findings Receiving a diagnosis of thyroid cancer often elicits intense and immediate emotions of shock and fear evoked by the word ‘cancer,’ which may be related to lack of knowledge about thyroid...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: THYROID: Edited by Angela M. Leung Source Type: research

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and thyroid disease. An update
Purpose of review Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with excess morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertension and diabetes but little is known about thyroid diseases. Thus, our goal was to review the literature with respect to: (i) Are patients with underlying hypo- or hyperthyroidism at increased risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection? (ii) do underlying hypo- and hyperthyroidism impact the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection? (iii) does SARS-CoV-2 infection cause de novo thyroid dysfunction? Recent findings Patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism do not...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: THYROID: Edited by Angela M. Leung Source Type: research

Survival benefit of endocrine dysfunction following immune checkpoint inhibitors for nonthyroidal cancers
Purpose of review Our goal is to review pertinent data evaluating the association between immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced endocrine dysfunction and survival in cancer patients as well as to understand the potential molecular links between these. Recent findings ICIs have revolutionized cancer therapy but have also led to multiple immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Studies have demonstrated a link between the development of irAEs and improved survival, suggesting that ICI-induced antitumor immunity and autoimmunity are coupled. Thyroid irAEs are most frequently and strongly associated with improved ...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: THYROID: Edited by Angela M. Leung Source Type: research

Long-term antithyroid drug therapy
Purpose of review Over the last 1–2 decades, patients and physicians have preferred antithyroid drug therapy as the initial treatment of Graves’ disease, rather than radioactive iodine or surgery. More recently, the concept of long-term antithyroid drug therapy (LTADT;>24 months of treatment) has also become increasingly popular. Recent findings Data from cohort studies and a prospective randomized trial suggest that LTATD therapy is safe and is associated with a higher chance of remission from Graves’ disease than is shorter-term therapy. Also, LTADT may be associated with better quality of life and oth...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: THYROID: Edited by Angela M. Leung Source Type: research

Editorial: Current opinions in endocrinology and diabetes
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity)
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: THYROID: Edited by Angela M. Leung Source Type: research

The therapeutic properties of ketogenic diets, slow-wave sleep, and circadian synchrony
Purpose of review To summarize emerging connections between sleep, ketogenic diets, and health. Recent findings Mechanisms involved in the therapeutic benefits of ketogenic diets continue to be elucidated. Concurrently, the importance of sleep quality and circadian rhythms in their effects on metabolic and cognitive health is increasingly appreciated. Advances in the understanding of the actions of adenosine, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and slow-wave sleep underscore connections between these areas of research. Summary Many molecular pathways activated during ketogenic diets are known to modulate s...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Tags: OBESITY AND NUTRITION: Edited by Eric C. Westman Source Type: research