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Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease
CONCLUSIONS: ACEi or ARB may make little or no difference to all-cause and cardiovascular death compared to placebo or no treatment in people with diabetes and kidney disease but may prevent kidney failure. ARB may prevent the doubling of SCr and the progression from microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria compared with a placebo or no treatment. Despite the international guidelines suggesting not combining ACEi and ARB treatment, the effects of ACEi or ARB monotherapy compared to dual therapy have not been adequately assessed. The limited data availability and the low quality of the included studies prevented the assessment ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Patrizia Natale Suetonia C Palmer Sankar D Navaneethan Jonathan C Craig Giovanni Fm Strippoli Source Type: research

Appendectomy versus antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis
CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotics may be associated with higher rates of unsuccessful treatment for 76 per 1000 people, although differences may not be clinically significant. It is uncertain if antibiotics increase length of hospital stay by half a day. Antibiotics may reduce wound infections. A third of the participants initially treated with antibiotics required subsequent appendectomy or two-thirds avoided surgery within one year, but the evidence is very uncertain. There were too few data from the included studies to comment on major complications.PMID:38682788 | PMC:PMC11057219 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD015038.pub2 (Source: Co...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Brett Doleman Siv Fonnes Jon N Lund Hannah Boyd-Carson Hannah Javanmard-Emamghissi Susan Moug Marianne Hollyman Gillian Tierney Samson Tou John P Williams Source Type: research

Autologous platelet-rich plasma for assisted reproduction
CONCLUSIONS: We are uncertain about the effect of intrauterine or intraovarian administration of PRP on outcomes of assisted reproduction technology in infertile women. The pooled results should be interpreted with caution. Only one of the 12 included studies was judged at low risk of bias. Other limitations of the included trials were failure to report live birth, poor reporting of methods, lack of prospective protocol registration, low precision due to the small number of enrolled participants, indirectness due to the specific subpopulations and settings studied, and insufficient or absent safety data.PMID:38682756 | DOI...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Dennis Vaidakis Michail Papapanou Charalampos S Siristatidis Source Type: research

Psychosocial and medication interventions to stop or reduce alcohol consumption during pregnancy
CONCLUSIONS: Brief psychosocial interventions may increase the rate of continuous abstinence among pregnant women who report alcohol use during pregnancy. Further studies should be conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of psychosocial interventions and other treatments (e.g. medications) for women with AUD. These studies should provide detailed information on alcohol use before and during pregnancy using consistent measures such as the number of drinks per drinking day. When heterogeneous populations are recruited, more detailed information on alcohol use during pregnancy should be provided to allow future syste...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Silvia Minozzi Ludovico Ambrosi Rosella Saulle Seilin S Uhm Mishka Terplan Julia Ma Sinclair Roberta Agabio Source Type: research

Appendectomy versus antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis
CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotics may be associated with higher rates of unsuccessful treatment for 76 per 1000 people, although differences may not be clinically significant. It is uncertain if antibiotics increase length of hospital stay by half a day. Antibiotics may reduce wound infections. A third of the participants initially treated with antibiotics required subsequent appendectomy or two-thirds avoided surgery within one year, but the evidence is very uncertain. There were too few data from the included studies to comment on major complications.PMID:38682788 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD015038.pub2 (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 29, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Brett Doleman Siv Fonnes Jon N Lund Hannah Boyd-Carson Hannah Javanmard-Emamghissi Susan Moug Marianne Hollyman Gillian Tierney Samson Tou John P Williams Source Type: research

Unlocking the power of global collaboration: building a stronger evidence ecosystem together
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Apr 16;4(4):ED000166. doi: 10.1002/14651858.ED000166.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38623686 | PMC:PMC11019402 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.ED000166 (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 16, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zoe Jordan Vivian Welch Karla Soares-Weiser Source Type: research

Unlocking the power of global collaboration: building a stronger evidence ecosystem together
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Apr 16;4:ED000166. doi: 10.1002/14651858.ED000166.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38623686 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.ED000166 (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 16, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zoe Jordan Vivian Welch Karla Soares-Weiser Source Type: research

Midwife continuity of care models versus other models of care for childbearing women
CONCLUSIONS: Women receiving midwife continuity of care models were less likely to experience a caesarean section and instrumental birth, and may be less likely to experience episiotomy. They were more likely to experience spontaneous vaginal birth and report a positive experience. The certainty of some findings varies due to possible risks of bias, inconsistencies, and imprecision of some estimates. Future research should focus on the impact on women with social risk factors, and those at higher risk of complications, and implementation and scaling up of midwife continuity of care models, with emphasis on low- and middle-...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 10, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Jane Sandall Cristina Fernandez Turienzo Declan Devane Hora Soltani Paddy Gillespie Simon Gates Leanne V Jones Andrew H Shennan Hannah Rayment-Jones Source Type: research

Workplace interventions to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection outside of healthcare settings
CONCLUSIONS: We are uncertain whether a test-based attendance policy affects rates of PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 infection (any infection; symptomatic infection) compared to standard 10-day self-isolation amongst school and college staff. A test-based attendance policy may result in little to no difference in absenteeism rates compared to standard 10-day self-isolation. The non-randomised study included in our updated search did not report any outcome of interest for this Cochrane review. As a large part of the population is exposed in the case of a pandemic, an apparently small relative effect that would not be worthwhile fr...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 10, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Alexandru Marian Constantin Kukuh Noertjojo Isolde Sommer Ana Beatriz Pizarro Emma Persad Solange Durao Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit Damien M McElvenny Sarah Rhodes Craig Martin Olivia Sampson Karsten Juhl J ørgensen Matteo Bruschettini Source Type: research