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Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis
CONCLUSIONS: We found mostly low and very low-certainty evidence that drugs used to treat MS may not increase SAEs, but may increase withdrawals compared with placebo. The results suggest that there is no important difference in the occurrence of SAEs between first- and second-line drugs and between oral, injectable, or infused drugs, compared with placebo. Our review, along with other work in the literature, confirms poor-quality reporting of adverse events from RCTs of interventions. At the least, future studies should follow the CONSORT recommendations about reporting harm-related issues. To address adverse effects, fut...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 30, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Irene Tramacere Gianni Virgili Vittorio Perduca Ersilia Lucenteforte Maria Donata Benedetti Matteo Capobussi Greta Castellini Serena Frau Marien Gonzalez-Lorenzo Robin Featherstone Graziella Filippini Source Type: research

Automated oxygen delivery for preterm infants with respiratory dysfunction
CONCLUSIONS: Automated oxygen delivery compared to routine manual oxygen delivery probably increases time in desired SpO2 ranges in preterm infants on respiratory support. However, it is unclear whether this translates into important clinical benefits. The evidence on clinical outcomes such as severe retinopathy of prematurity are of low certainty, with little or no differences between groups. There is insufficient evidence to reach any firm conclusions on the effectiveness of automated oxygen delivery compared to enhanced manual oxygen delivery or CLACfast compared to CLACslow. Future studies should include important shor...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 30, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Isabella G Stafford Nai Ming Lai Kenneth Tan Source Type: research

Nirmatrelvir combined with ritonavir for preventing and treating COVID-19
CONCLUSIONS: Low-certainty evidence suggests nirmatrelvir/ritonavir reduces the risk of all-cause mortality and hospital admission or death in high-risk, unvaccinated COVID-19 outpatients infected with the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. There is low- to moderate-certainty evidence of the safety of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Very low-certainty evidence exists regarding the effects of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir on all-cause mortality and viral clearance in mildly to moderately affected, mostly unvaccinated COVID-19 inpatients infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. Insufficient and inconsistent information prevents the asses...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 30, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Stefanie Reis Maria-Inti Metzendorf Rebecca Kuehn Maria Popp Ildiko Gagyor Peter Kranke Patrick Meybohm Nicole Skoetz Stephanie Weibel Source Type: research

Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires
CONCLUSIONS: Researchers using postal and electronic questionnaires can increase response using the strategies shown to be effective in this Cochrane review.PMID:38032037 | PMC:PMC10687884 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.MR000008.pub5 (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 30, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Philip James Edwards Ian Roberts Mike J Clarke Carolyn DiGuiseppi Benjamin Woolf Chloe Perkins Source Type: research

Progestogens for prevention of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation as part of an assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle
CONCLUSIONS: Little or no differences in LBR may exist when comparing MPA 4 mg with GnRH agonists in normo-responders. OPCR may be slightly increased in the MPA 4 mg group, but MPA 4 mg reduces the doses of gonadotropins in comparison to GnRH agonists. Little or no differences in OPCR may exist between progestogens and GnRH antagonists in normo-responders and donors. However, micronised progesterone could improve by 2 to 6 MII oocytes. When comparing one progestogen to another, dydrogesterone suggested slightly lower OPCR than MPA and micronised progesterone, and MPA suggested slightly lower OPCR than the micronised proges...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 30, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Demi án Glujovsky Romina Pesce Mariana Miguens Carlos Sueldo Agust ín Ciapponi Source Type: research