Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Immunomodulators and immunosuppressants for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis
CONCLUSIONS: We are highly confident that, compared to placebo, two-year treatment with natalizumab, cladribine, or alemtuzumab decreases relapses more than with other DMTs. We are moderately confident that a two-year treatment with natalizumab may slow disability progression. Compared to those on placebo, people with RRMS treated with most of the assessed DMTs showed a higher frequency of treatment discontinuation due to AEs: we are moderately confident that this could happen with fingolimod, teriflunomide, interferon beta-1a, laquinimod, natalizumab and daclizumab, while our certainty with other DMTs is lower. We are als...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Marien Gonzalez-Lorenzo Ben Ridley Silvia Minozzi Cinzia Del Giovane Guy Peryer Thomas Piggott Matteo Foschi Graziella Filippini Irene Tramacere Elisa Baldin Francesco Nonino Source Type: research
Healthcare outcomes assessed with observational study designs compared with those assessed in randomized trials: a meta-epidemiological study
CONCLUSIONS: We found no difference or a very small difference between effect estimates from RCTs and observational studies. These findings are largely consistent with findings from recently published research. Factors other than study design need to be considered when exploring reasons for a lack of agreement between results of RCTs and observational studies, such as differences in the population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes investigated in the respective studies. Our results underscore that it is important for review authors to consider not only study design, but the level of heterogeneity in meta-analyses of ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ingrid Toews Andrew Anglemyer John Lz Nyirenda Dima Alsaid Sara Balduzzi Kathrin Grummich Lukas Schwingshackl Lisa Bero Source Type: research
Maintenance therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
CONCLUSIONS: There is currently moderate- to very low-certainty evidence available regarding the benefits and harms of maintenance therapy in people with CLL. Anti-CD20 mAbs maintenance improved PFS, but also increased grade 3/4 AEs and all AEs. IMiD maintenance had a large effect on PFS, but also increased grade 3/4 AEs. However, none of the above-mentioned maintenance interventions show differences in OS between the maintenance and control groups. The effects of alemtuzumab maintenance are uncertain, coupled with a warning for drug-related infectious toxicity. We found no studies evaluating other novel maintenance interv...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Cho-Hao Lee Yi-Ying Wu Tzu-Chuan Huang Chin Lin Yi-Fen Zou Ju-Chun Cheng Po-Huang Chen Hong-Jie Jhou Ching-Liang Ho Source Type: research
Individualised gonadotropin dose selection using markers of ovarian reserve for women undergoing in vitro fertilisation plus intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI)
CONCLUSIONS: We did not find that tailoring the FSH dose in any particular ORT population (low, normal, high ORT) affected live birth/ongoing pregnancy rates, but we could not rule out differences, due to sample size limitations. Low-certainty evidence suggests that it is unclear if ORT-based individualisation leads to an increase in live birth/ongoing pregnancy rates compared to a policy of giving all women 150 IU. The confidence interval is consistent with an increase of up to around six percentage points with ORT-based dosing (e.g. from 25% to 31%) or a very small decrease (< 1%). A difference of this magnitude could...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 4, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Olina Ngwenya Sarah F Lensen Andy Vail Ben Willem J Mol Frank J Broekmans Jack Wilkinson Source Type: research
Medically assisted hydration for adults receiving palliative care
CONCLUSIONS: Since the previous update of this review, we have found one new study. In adults receiving palliative care in the end stage of their illness, there remains insufficient evidence to determine whether MAH improves QoL or prolongs survival, compared with placebo or standard care. Given that all participants were inpatients with advanced cancer at end of life, our findings are not transferable to adults receiving palliative care in other settings, for non-cancer, dementia or neurodegenerative diseases, or for those with an extended prognosis. Clinicians will need to make decisions based on the perceived benefits a...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Emma J Buchan Alison Haywood William Syrmis Phillip Good Source Type: research
Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections
CONCLUSIONS: After a thorough search, no RCTs which assessed the effectiveness of cranberry juice for the treatment of UTIs were found. Therefore, at the present time, there is no good quality evidence to suggest that it is effective for the treatment of UTIs. Well-designed parallel-group, double-blind studies comparing cranberry juice and other cranberry products versus placebo to assess the effectiveness of cranberry juice in treating UTIs are needed. Outcomes should include a reduction in symptoms, sterilisation of the urine, side effects and adherence to therapy. The dosage (amount and concentration) and duration of th...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ruth G Jepson Lara Mihaljevic Jonathan C Craig Source Type: research
Positioning for lumbar puncture in newborn infants
CONCLUSIONS: When compared to sitting position, lateral decubitus position probably results in little to no difference in successful lumbar puncture procedure at first attempt. None of the included studies reported the total number of lumbar puncture attempts as specified in this review. Furthermore, infants in a sitting position likely experience less episodes of bradycardia and oxygen desaturation than in the lateral decubitus, and there may be little to no difference in episodes of apnea. Lateral decubitus position results in little to no difference in time to perform the lumbar puncture compared to sitting position. Pa...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sara Pessano Matteo Bruschettini Marcus Glenton Prescott Olga Romantsik Source Type: research
Medically assisted hydration for adults receiving palliative care
CONCLUSIONS: Since the previous update of this review, we have found one new study. In adults receiving palliative care in the end stage of their illness, there remains insufficient evidence to determine whether MAH improves QoL or prolongs survival, compared with placebo or standard care. Given that all participants were inpatients with advanced cancer at end of life, our findings are not transferable to adults receiving palliative care in other settings, for non-cancer, dementia or neurodegenerative diseases, or for those with an extended prognosis. Clinicians will need to make decisions based on the perceived benefits a...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Emma J Buchan Alison Haywood William Syrmis Phillip Good Source Type: research
Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections
CONCLUSIONS: After a thorough search, no RCTs which assessed the effectiveness of cranberry juice for the treatment of UTIs were found. Therefore, at the present time, there is no good quality evidence to suggest that it is effective for the treatment of UTIs. Well-designed parallel-group, double-blind studies comparing cranberry juice and other cranberry products versus placebo to assess the effectiveness of cranberry juice in treating UTIs are needed. Outcomes should include a reduction in symptoms, sterilisation of the urine, side effects and adherence to therapy. The dosage (amount and concentration) and duration of th...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ruth G Jepson Lara Mihaljevic Jonathan C Craig Source Type: research
Positioning for lumbar puncture in newborn infants
CONCLUSIONS: When compared to sitting position, lateral decubitus position probably results in little to no difference in successful lumbar puncture procedure at first attempt. None of the included studies reported the total number of lumbar puncture attempts as specified in this review. Furthermore, infants in a sitting position likely experience less episodes of bradycardia and oxygen desaturation than in the lateral decubitus, and there may be little to no difference in episodes of apnea. Lateral decubitus position results in little to no difference in time to perform the lumbar puncture compared to sitting position. Pa...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sara Pessano Matteo Bruschettini Marcus Glenton Prescott Olga Romantsik Source Type: research
Medically assisted hydration for adults receiving palliative care
CONCLUSIONS: Since the previous update of this review, we have found one new study. In adults receiving palliative care in the end stage of their illness, there remains insufficient evidence to determine whether MAH improves QoL or prolongs survival, compared with placebo or standard care. Given that all participants were inpatients with advanced cancer at end of life, our findings are not transferable to adults receiving palliative care in other settings, for non-cancer, dementia or neurodegenerative diseases, or for those with an extended prognosis. Clinicians will need to make decisions based on the perceived benefits a...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Emma J Buchan Alison Haywood William Syrmis Phillip Good Source Type: research
Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections
CONCLUSIONS: After a thorough search, no RCTs which assessed the effectiveness of cranberry juice for the treatment of UTIs were found. Therefore, at the present time, there is no good quality evidence to suggest that it is effective for the treatment of UTIs. Well-designed parallel-group, double-blind studies comparing cranberry juice and other cranberry products versus placebo to assess the effectiveness of cranberry juice in treating UTIs are needed. Outcomes should include a reduction in symptoms, sterilisation of the urine, side effects and adherence to therapy. The dosage (amount and concentration) and duration of th...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ruth G Jepson Lara Mihaljevic Jonathan C Craig Source Type: research
Positioning for lumbar puncture in newborn infants
CONCLUSIONS: When compared to sitting position, lateral decubitus position probably results in little to no difference in successful lumbar puncture procedure at first attempt. None of the included studies reported the total number of lumbar puncture attempts as specified in this review. Furthermore, infants in a sitting position likely experience less episodes of bradycardia and oxygen desaturation than in the lateral decubitus, and there may be little to no difference in episodes of apnea. Lateral decubitus position results in little to no difference in time to perform the lumbar puncture compared to sitting position. Pa...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Sara Pessano Matteo Bruschettini Marcus Glenton Prescott Olga Romantsik Source Type: research
Medically assisted hydration for adults receiving palliative care
CONCLUSIONS: Since the previous update of this review, we have found one new study. In adults receiving palliative care in the end stage of their illness, there remains insufficient evidence to determine whether MAH improves QoL or prolongs survival, compared with placebo or standard care. Given that all participants were inpatients with advanced cancer at end of life, our findings are not transferable to adults receiving palliative care in other settings, for non-cancer, dementia or neurodegenerative diseases, or for those with an extended prognosis. Clinicians will need to make decisions based on the perceived benefits a...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Emma J Buchan Alison Haywood William Syrmis Phillip Good Source Type: research
Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections
CONCLUSIONS: After a thorough search, no RCTs which assessed the effectiveness of cranberry juice for the treatment of UTIs were found. Therefore, at the present time, there is no good quality evidence to suggest that it is effective for the treatment of UTIs. Well-designed parallel-group, double-blind studies comparing cranberry juice and other cranberry products versus placebo to assess the effectiveness of cranberry juice in treating UTIs are needed. Outcomes should include a reduction in symptoms, sterilisation of the urine, side effects and adherence to therapy. The dosage (amount and concentration) and duration of th...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 14, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Ruth G Jepson Lara Mihaljevic Jonathan C Craig Source Type: research
