Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Updates in Pharmacologic Strategies in ADHD
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - June 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Timothy E. Wilens Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - June 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Contributors
JUSTINE LARSON, MD, MPH, DFAACAP (Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - June 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Contents
Jeffrey H. Newcorn and Timothy E. Wilens (Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - June 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics
Clinical Considerations in Child and Adolescent Mental Health with Diverse Populations (Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America)
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - June 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Measurement Informed Care in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Measurement-informed care is a cornerstone of evidence-based practice and shared decision-making. A structured diagnostic interview specific to ADHD provides a globally agreed-on standard of evaluation. These interviews are accessible in the public domain in multiple languages and are helpful to clinicians new to the diagnosis of ADHD. Broad-based rating scales looking at multiple domains of psychopathology are critical to assuring recognition of comorbid diagnoses, which might otherwise be missed, differential diagnoses, and identification of the most prominent or treatable diagnosis. Recent innovations in computerized ad...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Margaret Danielle Weiss, Mark A. Stein Source Type: research

ADHD and Substance Use Disorders in Young People
Co-occurring ADHD and substance use disorder (SUD) is a common clinical presentation associated with significant impairment requiring careful evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment. Treatment with medication, along with cognitive behavioral therapy, is generally regarded as effective in addressing symptoms and impairments associated with both disorders. Options for pharmacotherapy include stimulant and nonstimulant therapies administered with careful monitoring of dosage and compliance to optimize efficacy. In high-risk groups such as college students and/or those with SUD, prescribers should address risks of stimulant misus...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Daria Taubin, Julia C. Wilson, Timothy E. Wilens Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Considerations for Stimulant Class Medications
The cardiovascular (CV) impact of stimulants has been examined for decades, with investigations ranging from small sample targeted studies of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP), to large scale epidemiologic investigations. The preponderance of evidence is reassuring, albeit generally based on healthy samples using variable methodology, excluding those at theoretic high risk (eg, comorbid cardiac illness). Screening for theoretically vulnerable patients are recommended, as well as monitoring for CV symptoms and BP/HR, with shared inquiry/further evaluation if concerned. Future investigations to support the identificati...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Paul Hammerness, Amy Berger, Michael C. Angelini, Timothy Wilens Source Type: research

Updates in Pharmacologic Strategies for Emotional Dysregulation in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Emotional dysregulation (ED) manifesting as irritability or aggression produces appreciable impairment in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and a main reason why they present for treatment. Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants seem to be a safe and tolerable treatment of most youth with these presentations. Optimization of CNS stimulants dose in combination with psychosocial interventions led to reductions in ED. Randomized controlled trials support that addition of risperidone further reduces aggression when these treatments are not sufficient. There is evidence for the efficacy of divalproex, moli...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Raman Baweja, James G. Waxmonsky Source Type: research

Stimulants
have been available for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for more than 70  years and are the most effective medications available. During the past 2 decades, several new immediate-release (IR) and extended-release methylphenidate (MPH) and amphetamine (AMPH) formulations have become available. These products differ by dose form (capsules, tablets, oral suspensions, oral disintegrating tablets, and patch), by onset and duration of effect, and by bioavailability. The side effect profile is generally similar for all compounds. Although the products are similar, individual patients may have a...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ann C. Childress Source Type: research

From Structural Disparities to Neuropharmacology
Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an early-onset disorder with many functional impairments and psychiatric comorbidities. Although no treatment fully mitigates impairments associated with ADHD, effective management is possible with pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments. The etiology and pathophysiology of ADHD are remarkably complex and the disorder is continuously distributed in the population. While these findings have been well documented in studies with predominantly white samples, ADHD may affect racial and ethnic minorities differentially, given diagnostic and treatment disparities. Thi...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nayla M. Khoury, Nevena V. Radonji ć, Avery B. Albert, Stephen V. Faraone Source Type: research

The Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics of Psychostimulants
The psychostimulants –amphetamine and methylphenidate–have been in clinical use for well more than 60 years. In general, both stimulants are rapidly absorbed with relatively poor bioavailability and short half-lives. The pharmacokinetics of both stimulants are generally linear and dose proportional although substant ial interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics is in evidence. Amphetamine (AMP) is highly metabolized by several oxidative enzymes forming multiple metabolites while methylphenidate (MPH) is primarily metabolized by hydrolysis to the inactive metabolite ritalinic acid. At present, pharmacogeno mic tes...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: John S. Markowitz, Philip W. Melchert Source Type: research

Pharmacologic Treatment of Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Tourette and Tic Disorders
A complete and comprehensive medical and psychiatric evaluation is necessary to delineate tic symptoms from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and to prioritize the most problematic symptoms for intervention. Stimulants are the recommended first-line pharmacotherapy to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in patients with tic disorders. Comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics is an effective behavioral therapy that is generally considered the first-line treatment of persistent tic disorders. α-Agonists can be added to stimulants if tics increase or be used as monotherapy to target attentio...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Robert J. Jaffe, Barbara J. Coffey Source Type: research

Nonstimulant Treatments for ADHD
We present detailed information regarding the 4 FDA-approved nonstimulant medications —the norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, atomoxetine and viloxazine extended release, and the α-2 adrenergic agonists, clonidine XR and guanfacine XR. We additionally review evidence regarding the off-label use of a variety of other medications. Variability across and within drug classes in natur e of response, approach to titration, and temporal characteristics of treatment allow a nuanced treatment approach for individuals with comorbid disorders and complicated clinical presentations. Availability of nonstimulant medications enhance...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Beth Krone, Ralf W Dittmann Source Type: research

Addressing the Treatment and Service Needs of Young Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a complex period in which multiple changes take place (education, work, independent living, and social relations). This stage is especially difficult for adolescents suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), who have to move on from child and adolescent mental health services to adult mental health services. This review analyzes developmental and environmental risk and protective factors as well as critical variables such as executive functioning and self-monitoring that influence the course of ADHD in transitional age youth and guide the priorities for ...
Source: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America - May 11, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Javier Quintero, Alberto Rodr íguez-Quiroga, Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon, Fernando Mora, Anthony L. Rostain Source Type: research