Rome-Celsus (ca 25BC to ca. 50AD)
Prog Brain Res. 2024;284:53-64. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.02.006. Epub 2024 Mar 26.ABSTRACTCelsus gave an adequate description of the bones and sutures of the calvarium. His classification of injuries was simple including fissures and depressions. He is the first to relate specific symptoms to specific tissue injury. In addition, he was aware that fractures could be present in the absence of typical findings. He was also the first to note the meningeal vessels could rupture producing severe localized pain. His treatment was more conservative than that of Hippocrates. Plasters were to be used and if there was no deterioratio...
Source: Brain Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jeremy C Ganz Source Type: research
Rome-Galen (129 to ca. 216)
Prog Brain Res. 2024;284:65-86. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.02.007. Epub 2024 Mar 26.ABSTRACTOver the last 50 years the significance of Galen's contributions to the arts of medicine and surgery have been increasingly recognized. Despite his errors, his contributions to medical and surgical practice have been profound. In the present context, his teachings on cranial surgical instruments and technique would continue to be influential throughout one and a half millenia. His technical advice was sound. His error about the anatomy of blood vessels supplying CNS were not of much consequence since the CNS would remain surgically in...
Source: Brain Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jeremy C Ganz Source Type: research
Europe following Galen
Prog Brain Res. 2024;284:87-93. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.02.008. Epub 2024 Mar 26.ABSTRACTUnlike previous chapters, this is not about the teachings of a specific individual. Rather, it traces the slow changes in milieu and practice in the centuries following the death of Galen. They were to be profound. The Roman Empire fell in the middle of the 5th century. The Christian religion became increasingly dominant in the west, not only in spiritual matters but also in every activity related to culture and learning. The Byzantine Empire became increasingly important in the east. Islam was founded and began to spread in competiti...
Source: Brain Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jeremy C Ganz Source Type: research
Outside Europe
Prog Brain Res. 2024;284:95-99. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.02.009. Epub 2024 Mar 26.ABSTRACTThis chapter illustrates that cranial surgery was not limited to Europe. There was however no contribution to improving knowledge outside Europe until medical science departed for the Arab world.PMID:38609298 | DOI:10.1016/bs.pbr.2024.02.009 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jeremy C Ganz Source Type: research
Foreword
Prog Brain Res. 2024;284:xv-xxii. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(24)00053-0.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38609299 | DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(24)00053-0 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jeremy C Ganz Source Type: research
Isobavachalcone alleviates ischemic stroke by suppressing HDAC1 expression and improving M2 polarization
In this study, we evaluated the influence of ISO in both transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO/R) rat models and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) cell models. We observed that pretreatment with 50 mg/kg ISO diminished the volume of brain infarction, reduced brain edema, and ameliorated neurological deficits in rats. A reduction in Nissl bodies was noted in the tMCAO/R group, which was reversed following treatment with 50 mg/kg ISO. TUNEL/NeuN double staining revealed a decrease in TUNEL-positive cells in tMCAO/R rats treated with ISO. Furthermore, ISO treatment suppressed the expressio...
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Qiannan Zhang Junting Dai Yongzhong Lin Miao Li Source Type: research
Effects of environmental enrichment on GLUT expression in the visual cortex of amblyopic rats
CONCLUSION: Enrichment of the environment exhibited a therapeutic effect on amblyopia, which could be related to the enhancement of glucose metabolism and GLUT expression in the visual cortex.PMID:38604554 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148933 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Juan Xie Yue Luo Lingjun Wei Haobo Fan Ying Wang Qian Wang Yunchun Zou Yuehan Luo Yangyu Tang Source Type: research
Function and mechanism exploring of icariin in schizophrenia through network pharmacology
This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect and possible mechanisms of icariin in schizophrenia. SD rats were divided into five groups, a control group, a MK801-induced schizophrenia model group, and three icariin treatment groups, with twelve rats in each group. Morris water maze and open field were used to observe the spatial learning and memory ability of rats. Compared with the control group, rats in the MK801-induced model group showed an increase in stereotypic behavior score, distance of spontaneous activities, escape latency, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α expression, but a decrease i...
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Bing Liu Chengqiang Wang Ruyuan Liu Weilai Xiang Chang Yang Di Li Source Type: research
Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress attenuates morphine protracted abstinence-induced anxiety-like behaviors in the male mice
In this study, by using behavioral test, western blot, immunofluorescence, electron transmission microscope, we found that: (1) Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) could attenuate anxiety-like behaviors induced by morphine withdrawal. (2) The endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in the lateral habenula (LHb) but not in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), ventral pallidum (VP), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and CA1 of hippocampus was upregulated by morphine withdrawal, upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in the lateral habenula induced by morphine withdrawal wa...
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Lu Liu Jie Wu Changlin Zhang Tong Cao Yongli Lu Zhi He Zicheng Li Source Type: research
Oral application of magnesium-L-threonate alleviates radicular pain by inhibiting neuro-inflammation dependent central sensitization of rats
CONCLUSIONS: Oral application of L-TAMS alleviates radicular pain by inhibiting neuro-inflammation dependent central sensitization of rats.PMID:38604557 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148910 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Siyuan Li Hongjian Yi Fuli Yuan Xuejuan Zhang Yi Zhong Yangliang Huang Source Type: research
Implicit and explicit motor imagery ability after SCI: Moving the elbow makes the difference
Brain Res. 2024 Apr 9:148911. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148911. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCervical spinal cord injury (SCI) causes dramatic sensorimotor deficits that restrict both activity and participation. Restoring activity and participation requires extensive upper limb rehabilitation focusing elbow and wrist movements, which can include motor imagery. Yet, it remains unclear whether MI ability is impaired or spared after SCI. We investigated implicit and explicit MI ability in individuals with C6 or C7 SCI (SCIC6 and SCIC7 groups), as well as in aged- and gender-matched controls without SCI. Inspired by previo...
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: S ébastien Mateo Aymeric Guillot Sonia Henkous Anthony Gelis S ébastien Daligault Gilles Rode Christian Collet Franck Di Rienzo Source Type: research
Isobavachalcone alleviates ischemic stroke by suppressing HDAC1 expression and improving M2 polarization
In this study, we evaluated the influence of ISO in both transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO/R) rat models and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) cell models. We observed that pretreatment with 50mg/kg ISO diminished the volume of brain infarction, reduced brain edema, and ameliorated neurological deficits in rats. A reduction in Nissl bodies was noted in the tMCAO/R group, which was reversed following treatment with 50mg/kg ISO. TUNEL/NeuN double staining revealed a decrease in TUNEL-positive cells in tMCAO/R rats treated with ISO. Furthermore, ISO treatment suppressed the expression ...
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Qiannan Zhang Junting Dai Yongzhong Lin L I Miao Source Type: research
Effects of environmental enrichment on GLUT expression in the visual cortex of amblyopic rats
CONCLUSION: Enrichment of the environment exhibited a therapeutic effect on amblyopia, which could be related to the enhancement of glucose metabolism and GLUT expression in the visual cortex.PMID:38604554 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148933 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Juan Xie Yue Luo Lingjun Wei Haobo Fan Ying Wang Qian Wang Yunchun Zou Yuehan Luo Yangyu Tang Source Type: research
Function and mechanism exploring of icariin in schizophrenia through network pharmacology
This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect and possible mechanisms of icariin in schizophrenia. SD rats were divided into five groups, a control group, a MK801-induced schizophrenia model group, and three icariin treatment groups, with twelve rats in each group. Morris water maze and open field were used to observe the spatial learning and memory ability of rats. Compared with the control group, rats in the MK801-induced model group showed an increase in stereotypic behavior score, distance of spontaneous activities, escape latency, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α expression, but a decrease i...
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Bing Liu Chengqiang Wang Ruyuan Liu Weilai Xiang Chang Yang Di Li Source Type: research
Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress attenuates morphine protracted abstinence-induced anxiety-like behaviors in the male mice
In this study, by using behavioral test, western blot, immunofluorescence, electron transmission microscope, we found that: (1) Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) could attenuate anxiety-like behaviors induced by morphine withdrawal. (2) The endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in the lateral habenula (LHb) but not in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), ventral pallidum (VP), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and CA1 of hippocampus was upregulated by morphine withdrawal, upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins in the lateral habenula induced by morphine withdrawal wa...
Source: Brain Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Lu Liu Jie Wu Changlin Zhang Tong Cao Yongli Lu Zhi He Zicheng Li Source Type: research
