Classification of self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes by classical machine learning and deep learning based on electroencephalogram data
In this study, clinical EEG was collected from 33 patients diagnosed with either SeLECTS or non-SeLECTS, aged between 3 and 11 years. In the realm of classical machine learning, sharp wave features (including upslope, downslope, and width at half maximum) were extracted from the EEG data. These features were then combined with the random forest (RF) and extreme random forest (ERF) classifiers to differentiate between SeLECTS and non-SeLECTS. Additionally, deep learning was employed by directly inputting the EEG data into a deep residual network (ResNet) for classification. The classification results were evaluated based on...
Source: Brain Research - February 19, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Xi Liu Xinming Zhang Tao Yu Ruochen Dang Jian Li Bingliang Hu Quan Wang Rong Luo Source Type: research

Changes in pupil size track self-control failure
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Feb 19. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06781-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPeople are more likely to perform poorly on a self-control task following a previous task requiring self-control (ego-depletion), but the mechanism for this effect remains unclear. We used pupillometry to test the role of attentional effort in ego-depletion. We hypothesized that an elevated pupil diameter (PD)-a common physiological measure of effort-during an initial task requiring self-control should be negatively associated with performance on a subsequent control task. To test this hypothesis, participants were first assigned to ...
Source: Brain Research - February 19, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Sean R O'Bryan Mindi M Price Jessica L Alquist Tyler Davis Miranda Scolari Source Type: research

Blocking the dopaminergic receptors within the hippocampal dentate gyrus reduced analgesic responses induced by restraint stress in the formalin test
Behav Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16:114914. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114914. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPrevious studies have shown that various receptors, including dopamine receptors, are expressed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Besides, indicatively, dopamine receptors play an essential role in the modulation of pain perception. On the other hand, stressful experiences can produce analgesia, termed stress-induced analgesia (SIA). The current study examined the probable role of dopamine receptors within the DG in antinociception induced by restraint stress (RS). Ninety-seven male albino Wistar rats were unilaterally i...
Source: Brain Research - February 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Farzaneh Nazari-Serenjeh Mehdi Sadeghi Ronak Azizbeigi Hadi Semizeh Sajad Mazaheri Amir Haghparast Abbas Haghparast Source Type: research

Characterizing the dynamic learning process: Implications of a quantitative analysis
Behav Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16:114915. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114915. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTUnderstanding the neural mechanisms involved in learning processes is crucial for unraveling the complexities of behavior and cognition. Sudden change from the untrained level to the fully-learned level is a pivotal feature of instrumental learning. However, the concept of change point and suitable methods to conveniently analyze the characteristics of sudden change in groups remain elusive, which might hinder a fuller understanding of the neural mechanism underlying dynamic leaning process. In the current study, we investiga...
Source: Brain Research - February 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Meilin Wu Fuhong Liu Hao Wang Li Yao Chunling Wei Qiaohua Zheng Jing Han Zhiqiang Liu Yihui Liu Haijun Duan Wei Ren Zongpeng Sun Source Type: research

Present and future of Blood-Based biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: Beyond the classics
Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16:148812. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148812. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe field of blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has advanced at an incredible pace, especially after the development of sensitive analytic platforms that can facilitate large-scale screening. Such screening will be important when more sophisticated diagnostic methods are scarce and expensive. Thus, blood-based biomarkers can potentially reduce diagnosis inequities among populations from different socioeconomic contexts. This large-scale screening can be performed so that older adults at risk of cognitive decli...
Source: Brain Research - February 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Marina Mantellatto Grigoli Lucas N C Pelegrini Robert Whelan Marcia R Cominetti Source Type: research

Blocking the dopaminergic receptors within the hippocampal dentate gyrus reduced analgesic responses induced by restraint stress in the formalin test
Behav Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16:114914. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114914. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPrevious studies have shown that various receptors, including dopamine receptors, are expressed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Besides, indicatively, dopamine receptors play an essential role in the modulation of pain perception. On the other hand, stressful experiences can produce analgesia, termed stress-induced analgesia (SIA). The current study examined the probable role of dopamine receptors within the DG in antinociception induced by restraint stress (RS). Ninety-seven male albino Wistar rats were unilaterally i...
Source: Brain Research - February 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Farzaneh Nazari-Serenjeh Mehdi Sadeghi Ronak Azizbeigi Hadi Semizeh Sajad Mazaheri Amir Haghparast Abbas Haghparast Source Type: research

Characterizing the dynamic learning process: Implications of a quantitative analysis
Behav Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16:114915. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114915. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTUnderstanding the neural mechanisms involved in learning processes is crucial for unraveling the complexities of behavior and cognition. Sudden change from the untrained level to the fully-learned level is a pivotal feature of instrumental learning. However, the concept of change point and suitable methods to conveniently analyze the characteristics of sudden change in groups remain elusive, which might hinder a fuller understanding of the neural mechanism underlying dynamic leaning process. In the current study, we investiga...
Source: Brain Research - February 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Meilin Wu Fuhong Liu Hao Wang Li Yao Chunling Wei Qiaohua Zheng Jing Han Zhiqiang Liu Yihui Liu Haijun Duan Wei Ren Zongpeng Sun Source Type: research

Present and future of Blood-Based biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: Beyond the classics
Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16:148812. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148812. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe field of blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has advanced at an incredible pace, especially after the development of sensitive analytic platforms that can facilitate large-scale screening. Such screening will be important when more sophisticated diagnostic methods are scarce and expensive. Thus, blood-based biomarkers can potentially reduce diagnosis inequities among populations from different socioeconomic contexts. This large-scale screening can be performed so that older adults at risk of cognitive decli...
Source: Brain Research - February 18, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Marina Mantellatto Grigoli Lucas N C Pelegrini Robert Whelan Marcia R Cominetti Source Type: research

Soleus H-reflex amplitude modulation during walking remains physiological during transspinal stimulation in humans
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06779-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe soleus H-reflex modulation pattern was investigated during stepping following transspinal stimulation over the thoracolumbar region at 15, 30, and 50 Hz with 10 kHz carry-over frequency above and below the paresthesia threshold. The soleus H-reflex was elicited by posterior tibial nerve stimulation with a single 1 ms pulse at an intensity that the M-wave amplitudes ranged from 0 to 15% of the maximal M-wave evoked 80 ms after the test stimulus, and the soleus H-reflex was half the size of the maximal H-reflex evoked on the ascend...
Source: Brain Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Abdullah M Sayed Ahmad Meghan Raphael Jessy Feng Han Yoseph Ahmed Mohamed Moustafa Shammah K Solomon Andreas Skiadopoulos Maria Knikou Source Type: research

Electroencephalography Oscillations Can Predict the Cortical Response Following Theta Burst Stimulation
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that EEG features can serve as markers of cortical response to transcranial magnetic stimulation. They offer insights into the association between neural oscillations and variability in individuals' responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation, aiding in the optimization of individualized protocols.PMID:38367675 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110902 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Guiyuan Cai Jiayue Xu Qian Ding Tuo Lin Hongying Chen Manfeng Wu Wanqi Li Gengbin Chen Guangqing Xu Yue Lan Source Type: research

Prolonged stress response induced by chronic stress and corticosterone exposure causes adult neurogenesis inhibition and astrocyte loss in mouse hippocampus
Brain Res Bull. 2024 Feb 15;208:110903. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110903. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChronic stress is a pervasive and complex issue that contributes significantly to various mental and physical health disorders. Using the previously established chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model, which simulates human stress situations, it has been shown that chronic stress induces major depressive disorder (MDD) and memory deficiency. However, this established model is associated with several drawbacks, such as limited research reproducibility and the inability to sustain stress response. To resolve these ...
Source: Brain Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Hyun Seung Shin Seung Hyun Lee Ha Jung Moon Yun Hee So Hyeon Jung Jang Kyung-Ha Lee Changhwan Ahn Eui-Man Jung Source Type: research

High stability of EEG spectral power across polysomnography and multiple sleep latency tests in good sleepers and chronic insomniacs
Behav Brain Res. 2024 Feb 15:114913. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114913. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo assess the stability of electroencephalographic (EEG) spectral features across overnight polysomnography (PSG) and daytime multiple sleep latency tests (MSLTs) in chronic insomniacs (CIs) and normal controls (NCs). A total of 20 NCs and 22 CIs underwent standard PSG and MSLT. Spectral analyses were performed on EEG data from PSG and MSLTs and absolute and relative power in central, frontal and occipital channels were obtained for wake (W) and non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1 and 2 (N1, N2). Intraclass correlation coeff...
Source: Brain Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuan Shi Rong Ren Ye Zhang Haipeng Zhang Xujun Feng Larry D Sanford Xiangdong Tang Source Type: research

Soleus H-reflex amplitude modulation during walking remains physiological during transspinal stimulation in humans
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Feb 16. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06779-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe soleus H-reflex modulation pattern was investigated during stepping following transspinal stimulation over the thoracolumbar region at 15, 30, and 50 Hz with 10 kHz carry-over frequency above and below the paresthesia threshold. The soleus H-reflex was elicited by posterior tibial nerve stimulation with a single 1 ms pulse at an intensity that the M-wave amplitudes ranged from 0 to 15% of the maximal M-wave evoked 80 ms after the test stimulus, and the soleus H-reflex was half the size of the maximal H-reflex evoked on the ascend...
Source: Brain Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Abdullah M Sayed Ahmad Meghan Raphael Jessy Feng Han Yoseph Ahmed Mohamed Moustafa Shammah K Solomon Andreas Skiadopoulos Maria Knikou Source Type: research

Electroencephalography Oscillations Can Predict the Cortical Response Following Theta Burst Stimulation
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that EEG features can serve as markers of cortical response to transcranial magnetic stimulation. They offer insights into the association between neural oscillations and variability in individuals' responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation, aiding in the optimization of individualized protocols.PMID:38367675 | DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110902 (Source: Brain Research)
Source: Brain Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Guiyuan Cai Jiayue Xu Qian Ding Tuo Lin Hongying Chen Manfeng Wu Wanqi Li Gengbin Chen Guangqing Xu Yue Lan Source Type: research

Prolonged stress response induced by chronic stress and corticosterone exposure causes adult neurogenesis inhibition and astrocyte loss in mouse hippocampus
Brain Res Bull. 2024 Feb 15:110903. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110903. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChronic stress is a pervasive and complex issue that contributes significantly to various mental and physical health disorders. Using the previously established chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model, which simulates human stress situations, it has been shown that chronic stress induces major depressive disorder (MDD) and memory deficiency. However, this established model is associated with several drawbacks, such as limited research reproducibility and the inability to sustain stress response. To resolve these issu...
Source: Brain Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Hyun Seung Shin Seung Hyun Lee Ha Jung Moon Yun Hee So Hyeon Jung Jang Kyung-Ha Lee Changhwan Ahn Eui-Man Jung Source Type: research