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Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Produce Chemokines in Response to the Lipid Nanoparticles Used in RNA Vaccines
In this study, SM-102, an ionizable lipid that is used in the approved RNA vaccine for the clinical usage of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, was used. Immortalized mouse lymphatic endothelial cells (mLECs) or professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophage cells were incubated with LNPs that contained no mRNA. As a result, chemokines involved in the recruitment of monocytes/neutrophils were produced only by the mLECs following the LNP treatment. These findings indicate that LEC appear to serve as the cell that sends out initial signals to response LNPs.PMID:38538323 | DOI:10.1248/bpb.b23-00689 (So...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yi Liu Miho Suzuoki Hiroki Tanaka Yu Sakurai Hiroto Hatakeyama Hidetaka Akita Source Type: research

Changes in Pharmacy Students' Awareness of Hepatitis B Patients through Patient Lectures as Humanity Education: Findings from Questionnaire Surveys of Face-to-Face and Simultaneous Remote Classes
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(3):708-712. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00486.ABSTRACTIn 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic made social distancing compulsory. In patient lectures by hepatitis B patients (Patient Lectures)-a humanity education initiative that had traditionally been delivered face-to-face to assembled students-it was necessary to divide the students into two groups, one that attended the Patient Lectures in person (face-to-face group) and another that assembled in a separate room to view the delivered lecture simultaneously and remotely via a teleconferencing platform (remote group). To investigate pos...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ayano Iwazaki Tomomichi Sone Shuji Okumura Ryota Maki Takeyuki Kohno Source Type: research

Effect of chronic ethanol consumption on exogenous glucose metabolism in rats using [1- 13 C], [2- 13 C], and [3- 13 C]glucose breath tests
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024 Mar 26. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00403. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe C3 carbon of glucose molecules becomes the C1 carbon of pyruvate molecules during glycolysis, and the C1 and C2 carbons of glucose molecules are metabolized in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Utilizing this position-dependent metabolism of C atoms in glucose molecules, [1-13C], [2-13C], and [3-13C] glucose breath tests are used to evaluate glucose metabolism. However, the effects of chronic ethanol consumption remain incompletely understood. Therefore, we evaluated glucose metabolism in ethanol-fed rats using [1-13C], [2-13C], a...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Naoyasu Kashima Yosuke Sasaki Naoyuki Kawagoe Tomoyuki Shigeta Fumiya Komatsu Yoshihisa Urita Source Type: research

Effect of Lipid Composition on the Interaction of Liposomes with THP-1-Derived Macrophages
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(3):723-731. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00755.ABSTRACTRecently, liposomal formulations that target macrophages have been used to treat lung diseases. However, the detailed mechanism of the cellular uptake must be elucidated to identify a formulation with excellent cellular uptake efficiency to treat non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease. We studied the effect of lipid composition on the cellular uptake of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC)/cholesterol (Chol) liposomes with a size of approximately 200 nm into THP-1-derived macrophages. The amount of DPPC/Chol liposomes (80/20 mol%) was...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ryoya Ibuki Takashi Tokui Masaya Kuriyama Kanji Hosoda Hiroshi Tomoda Kumiko Sakai-Kato Source Type: research

Therapeutic Potential of Danyankang Capsule in High-Fat Diet-Induced Cholelithiasis and Its Impact on Liver FXR Signaling and Gut Microbiota
In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that Danyankang exerts potent therapeutic efficacy against high-fat diet-induced cholelithiasis. This beneficial outcome is potentially linked to the inhibition of the TLR4/pNF-κB and SHP/CYP7A1/CYP8B1 signaling pathways, as well as the enhancement of intestinal flora species abundance.PMID:38522942 | DOI:10.1248/bpb.b24-00052 (Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin)
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 24, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lin Zhou Chu-Ling Zhang Kun Jiang Hong-Yu Cheng Wen-Wen Xiong Ji-Xiao Zhu Source Type: research

Spasmolytic Effect of Flopropione Does Not Involve Catechol-O- methyltransferase (COMT) Inhibition
Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47(3):660-668. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00808.ABSTRACTFlopropione (Flo) has been used for gallstone and urolithiasis as a spasmolytic agent almost exclusively in Japan. According to the package insert, its main mechanism is catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibition and anti-serotonergic effect. This is obviously contrary to pharmacological common sense, but it is described that way in pharmacology textbooks and occurs in questions in the National Examination for Pharmacists in Japan. As this is a serious problem in education, we re-examined the action of Flo. The guinea pig ureter was hardly contract...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 20, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yoko Amagase Mari Hoshiyama Shiho Hasegawa Miwa Kanbara Yumiko Mizukawa Tetsuro Urushidani Source Type: research

Oxidized-LDL Induces Metabolic Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
In this study, we focused on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), a major constituent of drusen that accumulates in the retina of patients with AMD, and investigated whether it could be a causative factor for metabolic alterations in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. We found that prolonged exposure to ox-LDL induced changes in fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO), OXPHOS, and glycolytic activity and increased the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in RPE cells. Notably, the effects on metabolic alterations varied with the concentration and duration of ox-LDL treatment. In addition, we addressed the limi...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 20, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Manami Tomomatsu Naoto Imamura Hoshimi Izumi Masatsugu Watanabe Masataka Ikeda Tomomi Ide Shohei Uchinomiya Akio Ojida Mirinthorn Jutanom Kazushi Morimoto Ken-Ichi Yamada Source Type: research

Platelets Affect the Activity of Amino Acid Transporter SNAT4 in HuH-7 Human Hepatoma Cells
In this study, we examined the effects of platelets on the activity of amino acid transporter system A, which is known to be changed by various factors, and we clarified the mechanism by which platelets affect system A activity. Among system A subtypes, we found that sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter (SNAT) 4 played a central role in the transport activity of system A in HuH-7 human hepatoma cells. Interestingly, platelets showed a biphasic effect on system A activity: activated platelet supernatants (APS) including the granule contents released from platelets downregulated system A activity at lower concentrat...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 20, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hitoshi Kashiwagi Yuki Sato Shunsuke Nashimoto Shungo Imai Yoh Takekuma Mitsuru Sugawara Source Type: research

Osteoblastgenic and Osteogenic Effects of KY-273 with CDK8/19 Inhibitory Activity in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Female Rats
In conclusion, KY-273 has cortical-bone-selective osteogenic effects by osteoblastogenesis via CDK8/19 inhibition in ovaries-intact and ovariectomized rats, and is an orally active drug candidate for bone diseases such as osteoporosis in monotherapy and combination therapy.PMID:38508765 | DOI:10.1248/bpb.b23-00834 (Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin)
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 20, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Megumi Yamamoto Yui Shibata Yuma Ito Masaki Fukui Hikaru Kioka Yoshimichi Shoji Tatsuya Kitao Hiroaki Shirahase Eiichi Hinoi Source Type: research