Non-compaction of left ventricle
Non-compaction of left ventricle is often classified as a cardiomyopathy and is characterized by abnormal deep trabeculations, which is more at the apex [1]. Left ventricular non-compaction can be associated with left ventricular dilatation or hypertrophy. Systolic and diastolic dysfunction can occur and other congenital heart diseases can be associated. Ventricular arrhythmias and complete atrioventricular block can occur and present as syncope or sudden cardiac death.
Genetic transmission has been noted in 30-50% of patients and several genes have been implicated. NOTCH signaling pathway seems to be the final common pa...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 23, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs
Left ventricular remodeling
Left ventricular remodeling occurs in response to left ventricular stress and injury. It is progressive and occurs after large myocardial infarctions and dilated cardiomyopathy. Left ventricular volume increases and the normal elliptical shape becomes globular. Left ventricular remodeling is associated with changes at microscopic level which include myocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis and increased interstitial collagen deposition [1]. Left ventricular remodeling is a central pathophysiological mechanism in advancing heart failure. Reversal of remodeling with treatment is an important goal in the management of heart failure. ...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Source Type: blogs
Phenocopies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by hypertrophy of the left ventricle, not related to load. It is a genetically transmitted condition. There are several mimickers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which can be called phenocopies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Conventional form of HCM has been called sarcomeric HCM as it is due to mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins [1].
Here is a small list of phenocopies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which is not truly exhaustive:
Fabry disease
Danon disease
PRKAG2 Cardiomyopathy
Pompe disease
Cardiac amyloidosis
Athlete’s heart
Hypertensive heart disease
...
Source: Cardiophile MD - February 24, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Mimickers of HCM Mimickers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Mimics of HCM Mimics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Source Type: blogs
Will PCI reverse LV dysfunction in Ischemic cardiomyopathy ?
PCI is effective in relieving angina, what does it do to LV dysfunction?
This is a fundamental query in the principles of revascularisation of CAD . The term LV dysfunction can convey a bizarre meaning.It can constitute any of the combinations of the following.Cell death, necrosis, scarring, fully dead, partially dead, partially viable, apoptotic cells that are clustered across various myocardial segments. These cells are interwoven with fibrotic interstitium. Microvascular integrity is also altered.
Cells stretch, slip and slide with one another. Contractile architecture is lost. This is referred to as remodeling.In the...
Source: Dr.S.Venkatesan MD - December 9, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: dr s venkatesan Tags: CABG for Ischemic DCM Dilated cardiomyopathy Uncategorized How effective is pci in reversing lv dysfunction ? REHEAT STICH CABG PCI MEDICAL THERAPY revascularisation in ischemic dcm Source Type: blogs
Tei index – Myocardial performance index
Tei index – Myocardial performance index
Tei index – myocardial performance index (MPI) is the ratio of the time spent in isovolumetric activity divided by the time spent in ventricular ejection [1]. In other words, it is the sum of isovolumic contraction and relaxation times divided by the ejection time [2].
MPI = (ICT + IRT) / ET
ICT: isovolumic contraction time; IRT: isovolumic relaxation time; ET: ejection time
Myocardial performance index has an inverse relation with global ventricular function in that increasing values indicate worsening global ventricular function. There is good correlation between Doppl...
Source: Cardiophile MD - September 6, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Echocardiography Source Type: blogs
Genetic DCM – Cardiology MCQ – Answer
Genetic DCM – Cardiology MCQ – Answer
Association of genetic DCM (Dilated cardiomyopathy) – Correct answer: 4. All of the above.
Truncation mutations in titin gene (TTN) was found in 13% of non familial DCM cases in one study [1]. LMNA and SCN5A mutations have been associated with DCM with cardiac conduction abnormalities [2].
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References
Angharad M Roberts, James S Ware, Daniel S Herman, Sebastian Schafer, John Baksi, Alexander G Bick, Rachel J Buchan, Roddy Walsh, Shibu John, Samuel Wilkinson, Francesco Mazzarotto, Leanne E Felkin, Sungsam Gong, Jacqueline A L MacArthur, Fiona Cunningha...
Source: Cardiophile MD - August 23, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs
Accordion sign – Cardiology MCQ
Accordion sign – Cardiology MCQ
Accordion sign on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is seen in:
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Amyloid cardiomyopathy
Post your answer as a comment below. Correct answer will be published after 2 days.
The post Accordion sign – Cardiology MCQ appeared first on All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders. (Source: Cardiophile MD)
Source: Cardiophile MD - August 22, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs
Genetic DCM – Cardiology MCQ
Genetic DCM – Cardiology MCQ
Association of genetic DCM (Dilated cardiomyopathy):
Lamin A/C gene (LMNA)
Titin gene (TTN)
Atrioventricular (AV block)
All of the above
Click here for the correct answer
The post Genetic DCM – Cardiology MCQ appeared first on All About Cardiovascular System and Disorders. (Source: Cardiophile MD)
Source: Cardiophile MD - August 21, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs
New Onset Heart Failure and Frequent Prolonged SVT. What is it? Management?
This middle-aged man with no cardiac history but with significant history of methamphetamin and alcohol use presented with chest pain and SOB, worsening over days, with orthopnea.BP:143/99, Pulse 109, Temp 37.2 °C (99 °F), Resp (!) 32, SpO2 95%On exam, he was tachypneic and had bibasilar crackles.Here was his ED ECG:There is sinus tachycardia (rate about 114) with nonspecific ST-T abnormalities.There is a large peaked P-wave in lead II (right atrial enlargement)There is left axis deviation consistent with left anterior fascicular block.There are nonspecific ST-T abnormalities.There is no evidence of infarction or ischemi...
Source: Dr. Smith's ECG Blog - March 5, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steve Smith Source Type: blogs
Cardiology MCQ – Anti-Ro/SSA – Answer
Cardiology MCQ – Anti-Ro/SSA – Answer
Maternal Anti-Ro/SSA antibodies are associated with fetal:
Correct answer: 4. All of the above
Fetal echocardiographic features of anti-Ro/SSA antibody–mediated cardiac disease includes dilated cardiomyopathy, pericardial effusion, endocardial fibroelastosis, complete heart block and atrioventricular valve regurgitation [1]. But the one familiar to most people is complete heart block in the infant of mother with systemic lupus erythematosus or other maternal connective tissue disease [2].
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Reference
Cuneo BF, Sonesson SE, Levasseur S, Moon-Grady AJ, Krish...
Source: Cardiophile MD - December 31, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology MCQ DM / DNB Cardiology Entrance Source Type: blogs
Why ventricular tachycardia has wide QRS complex ?
Why VTs have wide QRS complex?
Brief answer: VT usually presents with wide QRS tachycardia because it originates in ventricular myocardium, travels muscle to muscle instead of the normal conduction system. However, VTs need not be wide always, if it captures the conduction system early and more proximally it can be as narrow as SVT.
Further reading: Only for cardiology fellows
Two empirical statements are made here. (The scientific chances of both being reasonably correct are fair)
80 % of wide QRS tachycardia by default is VT. That means 20 % of wide QRS is not VT. We all accept that.
80 % of narrow QRS tachycardia i...
Source: Dr.S.Venkatesan MD - December 4, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: dr s venkatesan Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, November 25th 2019
This study demonstrates for the first time that senescent cells secrete functional LTs, significantly contributing to the LTs pool known to cause or exacerbate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Against Senolytics
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2019/11/against-senolytics/
There is no consensus in science that is so strong as to have no heretics. So here we have an interview with a naysayer on the matter of senolytic treatments, who argues that the loss of senescent cells in aged tissues will cause more harm to long-term health than the damage they will do by remaining. To be clear, I think this to be a...
Source: Fight Aging! - November 24, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Dogs as a Model of Human Aging
Dogs are an interesting species when it comes to the study of aging. Firstly they are much closer to human metabolism and cellular biochemistry than mice, and secondly selective breeding has generated lineages with a very wide range of sizes and life spans. Thirdly, they occupy a good compromise position in the range of life spans, study cost, and similarity to humans. Mice live short lives, so studies are rapid and comparatively cheap, but there are sizable, important differences between mouse and human biochemistry. Humans live so long that most studies of aging are simply out of the question. Even in non-human primates ...
Source: Fight Aging! - November 21, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
The ECG was correct. The angiogram was not.
In this study, approximately 10% of Transient STEMI had no culprit found:Early or late intervention in patients with transient ST ‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: Subgroup analysis of the ELISA‐3 trialOne must use all available data, including the ECG, to determine what happened.Final Diagnosis?If the troponin remained under the 99% reference, then it would be unstable angina. If it rose above that level before falling, it would be acute myocardial injury due to ischemia, which is, by definition, acute MI. If that is a result of plaque rupture, then it is a type I MI. The clinical presentat...
Source: Dr. Smith's ECG Blog - August 12, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steve Smith Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, August 5th 2019
In conclusion, with study of the frailty syndrome still in its infancy, frailty analysis remains a major challenge. It is a challenge that needs to be overcome in order to shed light on the multiple mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Although several mechanisms contribute to frailty, immune system alteration seems to play a central role: this syndrome is characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory markers and the resulting pro-inflammatory status can have negative effects on various organs. Future studies should aim to better clarify the immune system alteration in frailty, and seek to esta...
Source: Fight Aging! - August 4, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
